Refrigeration cycle apparatus and method of determining refrigerant enclosure amount in refrigeration cycle apparatus

ABSTRACT

A refrigeration cycle apparatus capable of keeping a LCCP low when a heat cycle is performed using a sufficiently small-GWP refrigerant, and a method of determining a refrigerant enclosure amount in the refrigeration cycle apparatus are provided. An outdoor unit ( 20 ) including a compressor ( 21 ) and an outdoor heat exchanger ( 23 ), an indoor unit ( 30 ) including an indoor heat exchanger ( 31 ), and a refrigerant pipe ( 5, 6 ) that connects the outdoor unit ( 20 ) and the indoor unit ( 30 ) to each other are provided. A refrigerant containing at least 1,2-difluoroethylene is enclosed in a refrigerant circuit ( 10 ) that is constituted by connecting the compressor ( 21 ), the outdoor heat exchanger ( 23 ), and the indoor heat exchanger ( 31 ) to one another. An enclosure amount of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit ( 10 ) per 1 kW of refrigeration capacity satisfies a condition of 160 g or more and 560 g or less.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus and amethod of determining a refrigerant enclosure amount in therefrigeration cycle apparatus.

BACKGROUND ART

Conventionally, heat cycle systems such as air conditioning apparatusesfrequently use R410A as a refrigerant. R410A is a two-component mixedrefrigerant of difluoromethane (CH₂F₂; HFC-32 or R32) andpentafluoroethane (C₂HF₅; HFC-125 or R125), and is a pseudo-azeotropiccomposition.

However, R410A has a global warming potential (GWP) of 2088. In recentyears, R32 which is a refrigerant having a lower GWP of 675 is beingmore used as a result of growing concern about global warming.

Due to this, for example, PTL 1 (International Publication No.2015/141678) suggests various low-GWP mixed refrigerants alternative toR410A.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Technical Problem

An example of an index concerning prevention of global warming may be anindex called life cycle climate performance (LCCP). The LCCP is an indexconcerning prevention of global warming, and is a numerical valueobtained by adding an energy consumption when greenhouse effect gases tobe used are manufactured (indirect impact) and a leakage to the outsideair (direct impact) to a total equivalent warning impact (TEWI). Theunit of the LCCP is kg-CO₂. That is, the TEWI is obtained by adding adirect impact and an indirect impact calculated using respectivepredetermined mathematical expressions. The LCCP is calculated using thefollowing relational expression.

LCCP=GWPRM×W+GWP×W×(1−R)+N×Q×A

In the expression, GWPRM is a warming effect relating to manufacturingof a refrigerant, W is a refrigerant filling amount, R is a refrigerantrecovery amount when an apparatus is scrapped, N is a duration of usingthe apparatus (year), Q is an emission intensity of CO₂, and A is anannual power consumption.

Regarding the LCCP of the refrigeration cycle apparatus, when thefilling amount in the refrigerant circuit is too small, an insufficiencyof the refrigerant decreases cycle efficiency, resulting in an increasein the LCCP; and when the filling amount in the refrigerant circuit istoo large, the impact of the GWP increases, resulting in an increase inthe LCCP. Moreover, a refrigerant having a lower GWP than R32 which hasbeen frequently used tends to have a low heat-transfer capacity, andtends to have a large LCCP as the result of the decrease in cycleefficiency.

The content of the present disclosure aims at the above-described pointand an object of the present disclosure is to provide a refrigerationcycle apparatus capable of keeping a LCCP low when a heat cycle isperformed using a sufficiently small-GWP refrigerant, and a method ofdetermining a refrigerant enclosure amount in the refrigeration cycleapparatus.

Solution to Problem

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a first aspect includes aheat source unit, a service unit, and a refrigerant pipe. The heatsource unit includes a compressor and a heat-source-side heat exchanger.The service unit includes a service-side heat exchanger. The refrigerantpipe connects the heat source unit and the service unit to each other. Arefrigerant containing at least 1,2-difluoroethylene is enclosed in arefrigerant circuit that is constituted by connecting the compressor,the heat-source-side heat exchanger, and the service-side heat exchangerto one another. An enclosure amount of the refrigerant in therefrigerant circuit satisfies a condition of 160 g or more and 560 g orless per 1 kW of refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycleapparatus.

Note that the refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycleapparatus represents a rated refrigeration capacity.

Since the refrigerant containing at least 1,2-difluoroethylene isenclosed in the refrigerant circuit by an amount of 160 g or more and560 g or less per 1 kW of refrigeration capacity, when the refrigerationcycle apparatus performs a heat cycle using a refrigerant with asufficiently small GWP, the LCCP can be kept low.

Note that, for the inner capacity (the volume of a fluid with which theinside can be filled) of the heat-source-side heat exchanger, when therefrigerant circuit is not provided with a refrigerant container (forexample, a low-pressure receiver or a high-pressure receiver, excludingan accumulator belonging to a compressor), the inner capacity ispreferably 0.4 L or more and 2.5 L or less. When the refrigerant circuitis provided with a refrigerant container, the inner capacity ispreferably 1.4 L or more and less than 5.0 L.

Moreover, for the inner capacity (the volume of a fluid with which theinside can be filled) of the heat-source-side heat exchanger included inthe heat source unit provided with only one fan, when the heat sourceunit has a casing having a blow-out port for blowing out the air whichhas passed through the heat-source-side heat exchanger in a side surfacein an installed state (when the heat source unit is trunk type or thelike), the inner capacity is preferably 0.4 L or more and less than 3.5L. For the inner capacity (the volume of a fluid with which the insidecan be filled) of the heat-source-side heat exchanger included in theheat source unit provided with two fans, when the heat source unit has acasing having a blow-out port for blowing out the air which has passedthrough the heat-source-side heat exchanger in a side surface in aninstalled state (when the heat source unit is trunk type or the like),the inner capacity is preferably 3.5 L or more and less than 5.0 L.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a second aspect includes aheat source unit, a first service unit, a second service unit, and arefrigerant pipe. The heat source unit includes a compressor and aheat-source-side heat exchanger. The first service unit includes a firstservice-side heat exchanger. The second service unit includes a secondservice-side heat exchanger. The refrigerant pipe connects the heatsource unit, the first service unit, and the second service unit to oneanother. A refrigerant containing at least 1,2-difluoroethylene isenclosed in a refrigerant circuit that is constituted by connecting thefirst service-side heat exchanger and the second service-side heatexchanger in parallel to the compressor and the heat-source-side heatexchanger. An enclosure amount of the refrigerant in the refrigerantcircuit per 1 kW of refrigeration capacity satisfies a condition of 190g or more and 1660 g or less.

Since the refrigerant containing at least 1,2-difluoroethylene isenclosed in the refrigerant circuit including the plurality ofservice-side heat exchangers connected in parallel to each other, by anamount of 190 g or more and 1660 g or less per 1 kW of refrigerationcapacity, when the refrigeration cycle apparatus performs a heat cycleusing a refrigerant with a sufficiently small GWP, the LCCP can be keptlow.

Note that, for the inner capacity (the volume of a fluid with which theinside can be filled) of the heat-source-side heat exchanger, when thefirst service unit does not have an expansion valve on the liquid sideof the first service-side heat exchanger and the second service unitalso does not have an expansion valve on the liquid side of the secondservice-side heat exchanger, the inner capacity is preferably 1.4 L ormore and less than 5.0 L. When the first service unit has an expansionvalve on the liquid side of the first service-side heat exchanger andthe second service unit also has an expansion valve on the liquid sideof the second service-side heat exchanger, the inner capacity ispreferably 5.0 L or more and 38 L or less.

Moreover, for the inner capacity (the volume of a fluid with which theinside can be filled) of the heat-source-side heat exchanger included inthe heat source unit provided with only one fan, when the heat sourceunit has a casing having a blow-out port for blowing out the air whichhas passed through the heat-source-side heat exchanger in a side surfacein an installed state (when the heat source unit is trunk type or thelike), the inner capacity is preferably 0.4 L or more and less than 3.5L. For the inner capacity (the volume of a fluid with which the insidecan be filled) of the heat-source-side heat exchanger included in theheat source unit provided with two fans, when the heat source unit has acasing having a blow-out port for blowing out the air which has passedthrough the heat-source-side heat exchanger in a side surface in aninstalled state (when the heat source unit is trunk type or the like),the inner capacity is preferably 3.5 L or more and 7.0 L or less. Forthe inner capacity (the volume of a fluid with which the inside can befilled) of the heat-source-side heat exchanger included in the heatsource unit that blows out upward the air which has passed through theheat-source-side heat exchanger, the inner capacity is preferably 5.5 Lor more and 38 L or less.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a third aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first or second aspect,wherein

the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)),trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene(R1234yf).

The refrigeration cycle apparatus can perform a refrigeration cycleusing a refrigerant having properties including a sufficiently smallGWP, and a refrigeration capacity (possibly referred to as coolingcapacity or capacity) and a coefficient of performance (COP) equivalentto those of R410A.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a fourth aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the third aspect, wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sumin the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z,coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range ofa figure surrounded by line segments AA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C, CO, and OAthat connect the following 7 points:

point A (68.6, 0.0, 31.4),point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),point C′ (19.5, 70.5, 10.0),point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0), andpoint O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line segmentsBD, CO, and OA);

the line segment AA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),

the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),

the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),

the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and

the line segments BD, CO, and OA are straight lines.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a fifth aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the third aspect, wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sumin the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z,coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range ofa figure surrounded by line segments GI, IA, AA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C, andCG that connect the following 8 points:

point G (72.0, 28.0, 0.0),point I (72.0, 0.0, 28.0),point A (68.6, 0.0, 31.4),point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),point C′ (19.5, 70.5, 10.0), andpoint C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0),or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line segmentsIA, BD, and CG);

the line segment AA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),

the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),

the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),

the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and

the line segments GI, IA, BD, and CG are straight lines.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a sixth aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the third aspect, whereinwhen the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sumin the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z,coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range ofa figure surrounded by line segments JP, PN, NK, KA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C,and CJ that connect the following 9 points:

point J (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),point N (68.6, 16.3, 15.1),point K (61.3, 5.4, 33.3),point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),point C′ (19.5, 70.5, 10.0), andpoint C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0),or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line segmentsBD and CJ);

the line segment PN is represented by coordinates (x,−0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43),

the line segment NK is represented by coordinates (x,0.2421x²−29.955x+931.91, −0.2421x²+28.955x−831.91),

the line segment KA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),

the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),

the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),

the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and

the line segments JP, BD, and CG are straight lines.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a seventh aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the third aspect, wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sumin the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z,coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range ofa figure surrounded by line segments JP, PL, LM, MA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C,and CJ that connect the following 9 points:

point J (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0),point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5),point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),point C′ (19.5, 70.5, 10.0), andpoint C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0),or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line segmentsBD and CJ);

the line segment PL is represented by coordinates (x,−0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43)

the line segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),

the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),

the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),

the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and

the line segments JP, LM, BD, and CG are straight lines.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to an eighth aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the third aspect, wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sumin the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z,coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range ofa figure surrounded by line segments PL, LM, MA′, A′B, BF, FT, and TPthat connect the following 7 points:

point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0),point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5),point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),point F (0.0, 61.8, 38.2), andpoint T (35.8, 44.9, 19.3),or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line segmentBF);

the line segment PL is represented by coordinates (x,−0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43),

the line segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),

the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),

the line segment FT is represented by coordinates (x,0.0078x²−0.7501x+61.8, −0.0078x²−0.2499x+38.2),

the line segment TP is represented by coordinates (x,0.00672x²−0.7607x+63.525, −0.00672x²−0.2393x+36.475), and

the line segments LM and BF are straight lines.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a ninth aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the third aspect, wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sumin the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z,coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range ofa figure surrounded by line segments PL, LQ, QR, and RP that connect thefollowing 4 points:

point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0),point Q (62.8, 29.6, 7.6), andpoint R (49.8, 42.3, 7.9),or on the above line segments;

the line segment PL is represented by coordinates (x,−0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43),

the line segment RP is represented by coordinates (x,0.00672x²−0.7607x+63.525, −0.00672x²−0.2393x+36.475), and

the line segments LQ and QR are straight lines.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a tenth aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the third aspect, wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sumin the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z,coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range ofa figure surrounded by line segments SM, MA′, A′B, BF, FT, and TS thatconnect the following 6 points:

point S (62.6, 28.3, 9.1),point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5),point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),point F (0.0, 61.8, 38.2), andpoint T (35.8, 44.9, 19.3),or on the above line segments,

the line segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),

the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),

the line segment FT is represented by coordinates (x,0.0078x²−0.7501x+61.8, −0.0078x²−0.2499x+38.2),

the line segment TS is represented by coordinates (x,−0.0017x²−0.7869x+70.888, −0.0017x²−0.2131x+29.112), and

the line segments SM and BF are straight lines.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to an eleventh aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first or second aspect,wherein

the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)) andtrifluoroethylene (HFO-1123) in a total amount of 99.5 mass % or morebased on the entire refrigerant, and

the refrigerant comprises 62.0 mass % to 72.0 mass % of HFO-1132(E)based on the entire refrigerant.

The refrigeration cycle apparatus can perform a refrigeration cycleusing a refrigerant having properties including a sufficiently smallGWP, a coefficient of performance (COP) and a refrigeration capacity(possibly referred to as cooling capacity or capacity) equivalent tothose of R410A, and being classified with lower flammability (class 2L)according to the standard of the American Society of Heating,Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE).

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a twelfth aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first or second aspect,wherein

the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 in a total amount of99.5 mass % or more based on the entire refrigerant, and

the refrigerant comprises 45.1 mass % to 47.1 mass % of HFO-1132(E)based on the entire refrigerant.

The refrigeration cycle apparatus can perform a refrigeration cycleusing a refrigerant having properties including a sufficiently smallGWP, a coefficient of performance (COP) and a refrigeration capacity(possibly referred to as cooling capacity or capacity) equivalent tothose of R410A, and being classified with lower flammability (class 2L)according to the standard of the American Society of Heating,Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE).

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a thirteenth aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first or second aspect,wherein

the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)),trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf),and difluoromethane (R32),

wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based ontheir sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, z, anda,

if 0<a≤11.1, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram inwhich the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass %are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA,AB, BD′, D′C, and CG that connect the following 6 points:

point G (0.026a²−1.7478a+72.0, −0.026a²+0.7478a+28.0, 0.0),point I (0.026a²−1.7478a+72.0, 0.0, −0.026a²+0.7478a+28.0),point A (0.0134a²−1.9681a+68.6, 0.0, −0.0134a²+0.9681a+31.4),point B (0.0, 0.0144a²−1.6377a+58.7, −0.0144a²+0.6377a+41.3),point D′ (0.0, 0.0224a²+0.968a+75.4, −0.0224a²−1.968a+24.6), andpoint C (−0.2304a²−0.4062a+32.9, 0.2304a²−0.5938a+67.1, 0.0),or on the straight lines GI, AB, and D′C (excluding point G, point I,point A, point B, point D′, and point C);

if 11.1<a≤18.2, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA,AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5 points:

point G (0.02a²−1.6013a+71.105, −0.02a²+0.6013a+28.895, 0.0),point I (0.02a²−1.6013a+71.105, 0.0, −0.02a²+0.6013a+28.895),point A (0.0112a²−1.9337a+68.484, 0.0, −0.0112a²+0.9337a+31.516),point B (0.0, 0.0075a²−1.5156a+58.199, −0.0075a²+0.5156a+41.801), andpoint W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I, point A,point B, and point W);

if 18.2<a≤26.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA,AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5 points:

point G (0.0135a²−1.4068a+69.727, −0.0135a²+0.4068a+30.273, 0.0),point I (0.0135a²−1.4068a+69.727, 0.0, −0.0135a²+0.4068a+30.273),point A (0.0107a²−1.9142a+68.305, 0.0, −0.0107a²+0.9142a+31.695),point B (0.0, 0.009a²−1.6045a+59.318, −0.009a²+0.6045a+40.682), andpoint W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I, point A,point B, and point W);

if 26.7<a≤36.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA,AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5 points:

point G (0.0111a²−1.3152a+68.986, −0.0111a²+0.3152a+31.014, 0.0),point I (0.0111a²−1.3152a+68.986, 0.0, −0.0111a²+0.3152a+31.014),point A (0.0103a²−1.9225a+68.793, 0.0, −0.0103a²+0.9225a+31.207),point B (0.0, 0.0046a²−1.41a+57.286, −0.0046a²+0.41a+42.714), andpoint W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I, point A,point B, and point W); and

if 36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA,AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5 points:

point G (0.0061a²−0.9918a+63.902, −0.0061a²−0.0082a+36.098, 0.0),point I (0.0061a²−0.9918a+63.902, 0.0, −0.0061a²−0.0082a+36.098),point A (0.0085a²−1.8102a+67.1, 0.0, −0.0085a²+0.8102a+32.9),point B (0.0, 0.0012a²−1.1659a+52.95, −0.0012a²+0.1659a+47.05), andpoint W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I, point A,point B, and point W).

The refrigeration cycle apparatus can perform a refrigeration cycleusing a refrigerant having properties including a sufficiently smallGWP, and a refrigeration capacity (possibly referred to as coolingcapacity or capacity) and a coefficient of performance (COP) equivalentto those of R410A.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a fourteenth aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first or second aspect,wherein

the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)),trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf),and difluoromethane (R32),

wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based ontheir sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, z, anda, if 0<a≤11.1, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram inwhich the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass %are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′B,BD′, D′C, and CJ that connect the following 5 points:

point J (0.0049a²−0.9645a+47.1, −0.0049a²−0.0355a+52.9, 0.0),point K′ (0.0514a²−2.4353a+61.7, −0.0323a²+0.4122a+5.9,−0.0191a²+1.0231a+32.4),point B (0.0, 0.0144a²−1.6377a+58.7, −0.0144a²+0.6377a+41.3),point D′ (0.0, 0.0224a²+0.968a+75.4, −0.0224a²−1.968a+24.6), andpoint C (−0.2304a²−0.4062a+32.9, 0.2304a²−0.5938a+67.1, 0.0),or on the straight lines JK′, K′B, and D′C (excluding point J, point B,point D′, and point C);

if 11.1<a≤18.2, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′B,BW, and WJ that connect the following 4 points:

point J (0.0243a²−1.4161a+49.725, −0.0243a²+0.4161a+50.275, 0.0),point K′ (0.0341a²−2.1977a+61.187,−0.0236a²+0.34a+5.636,−0.0105a²+0.8577a+33.177),point B (0.0, 0.0075a²−1.5156a+58.199, −0.0075a²+0.5156a+41.801), andpoint W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),or on the straight lines JK′ and K′B (excluding point J, point B, andpoint W);

if 18.2<a≤26.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′B,BW, and WJ that connect the following 4 points:

point J (0.0246a²−1.4476a+50.184, −0.0246a²+0.4476a+49.816, 0.0),point K′ (0.0196a²−1.7863a+58.515, −0.0079a²−0.1136a+8.702,−0.0117a²+0.8999a+32.783),point B (0.0, 0.009a²−1.6045a+59.318, −0.009a²+0.6045a+40.682), andpoint W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),or on the straight lines JK′ and K′B (excluding point J, point B, andpoint W);

if 26.7<a≤36.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′A,AB, BW, and WJ that connect the following 5 points:

point J (0.0183a²−1.1399a+46.493, −0.0183a²+0.1399a+53.507, 0.0),point K′ (−0.0051a²+0.0929a+25.95, 0.0, 0.0051a²−1.0929a+74.05),point A (0.0103a²−1.9225a+68.793, 0.0, −0.0103a²+0.9225a+31.207),point B (0.0, 0.0046a²−1.41a+57.286, −0.0046a²+0.41a+42.714), andpoint W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),or on the straight lines JK′, K′A, and AB (excluding point J, point B,and point W); and

if 36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′A,AB, BW, and WJ that connect the following 5 points:

point J (−0.0134a²+1.0956a+7.13, 0.0134a²−2.0956a+92.87, 0.0),point K′ (−1.892a+29.443, 0.0, 0.892a+70.557),point A (0.0085a²−1.8102a+67.1, 0.0, −0.0085a²+0.8102a+32.9),point B (0.0, 0.0012a²−1.1659a+52.95, −0.0012a²+0.1659a+47.05), andpoint W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),or on the straight lines JK′, K′A, and AB (excluding point J, point B,and point W).

The refrigeration cycle apparatus can perform a refrigeration cycleusing a refrigerant having properties including a sufficiently smallGWP, and a refrigeration capacity (possibly referred to as coolingcapacity or capacity) and a coefficient of performance (COP) equivalentto those of R410A.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a fifteenth aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first or second aspect,wherein

the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)),difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf),

wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum inthe refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates(x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of afigure surrounded by line segments IJ, JN, NE, and EI that connect thefollowing 4 points:

point I (72.0, 0.0, 28.0),point J (48.5, 18.3, 33.2),point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), andpoint E (58.3, 0.0, 41.7),or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segment EI;

the line segment IJ is represented by coordinates(0.0236y²−1.7616y+72.0, y, −0.0236y²+0.7616y+28.0);

the line segment NE is represented by coordinates (0.012y²−1.9003y+58.3,y, −0.012y²+0.9003y+41.7); and

the line segments JN and EI are straight lines.

The refrigeration cycle apparatus can perform a refrigeration cycleusing a refrigerant having properties including a sufficiently smallGWP, a refrigeration capacity (possibly referred to as cooling capacityor capacity) equivalent to that of R410A, and being classified withlower flammability (class 2L) according to the standard of the AmericanSociety of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers(ASHRAE).

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a sixteenth aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first or second aspect,wherein

the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf,

wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum inthe refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates(x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of afigure surrounded by line segments MM′, MN, NV, VG, and GM that connectthe following 5 points:

point M (52.6, 0.0, 47.4),point M′(39.2, 5.0, 55.8),point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1),point V (11.0, 18.1, 70.9), andpoint G (39.6, 0.0, 60.4),or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segment GM);

the line segment MM′ is represented by coordinates (0.132y²−3.34y+52.6,y, −0.132y²+2.34y+47.4);

the line segment M′N is represented by coordinates(0.0596y²−2.2541y+48.98, y, −0.0596y²+1.2541y+51.02);

the line segment VG is represented by coordinates(0.0123y²−1.8033y+39.6, y, −0.0123y²+0.8033y+60.4); and

the line segments NV and GM are straight lines.

The refrigeration cycle apparatus can perform a refrigeration cycleusing a refrigerant having properties including a sufficiently smallGWP, a refrigeration capacity (possibly referred to as cooling capacityor capacity) equivalent to that of R410A, and being classified withlower flammability (class 2L) according to the standard of the AmericanSociety of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers(ASHRAE).

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a seventeenth aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first or second aspect,wherein

the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf,

wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum inthe refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y and z, coordinates(x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of afigure surrounded by line segments ON, NU, and UO that connect thefollowing 3 points:

point O (22.6, 36.8, 40.6),point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), andpoint U (3.9, 36.7, 59.4),or on these line segments;

the line segment ON is represented by coordinates(0.0072y²−0.6701y+37.512, y, −0.0072y²−0.3299y+62.488);

the line segment NU is represented by coordinates(0.0083y²−1.7403y+56.635, y, −0.0083y²+0.7403y+43.365); and

the line segment UO is a straight line.

The refrigeration cycle apparatus can perform a refrigeration cycleusing a refrigerant having properties including a sufficiently smallGWP, a refrigeration capacity (possibly referred to as cooling capacityor capacity) equivalent to that of R410A, and being classified withlower flammability (class 2L) according to the standard of the AmericanSociety of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers(ASHRAE).

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to an eighteenth aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first or second aspect,wherein

the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf,

wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum inthe refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates(x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of afigure surrounded by line segments QR, RT, TL, LK, and KQ that connectthe following 5 points:

point Q (44.6, 23.0, 32.4),point R (25.5, 36.8, 37.7),point T (8.6, 51.6, 39.8),point L (28.9, 51.7, 19.4), andpoint K (35.6, 36.8, 27.6),or on these line segments;

the line segment QR is represented by coordinates(0.0099y²−1.975y+84.765, y, −0.0099y²+0.975y+15.235);

the line segment RT is represented by coordinates(0.0082y²−1.8683y+83.126, y, −0.0082y²+0.8683y+16.874);

the line segment LK is represented by coordinates(0.0049y²−0.8842y+61.488, y, −0.0049y²−0.1158y+38.512);

the line segment KQ is represented by coordinates(0.0095y²−1.2222y+67.676, y, −0.0095y²+0.2222y+32.324); and

the line segment TL is a straight line.

The refrigeration cycle apparatus can perform a refrigeration cycleusing a refrigerant having properties including a sufficiently smallGWP, a refrigeration capacity (possibly referred to as cooling capacityor capacity) equivalent to that of R410A, and being classified withlower flammability (class 2L) according to the standard of the AmericanSociety of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers(ASHRAE).

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a nineteenth aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first or second aspect,wherein the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf,

wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum inthe refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates(x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of afigure surrounded by line segments PS, ST, and TP that connect thefollowing 3 points:

point P (20.5, 51.7, 27.8),point S (21.9, 39.7, 38.4), andpoint T (8.6, 51.6, 39.8),or on these line segments;

the line segment PS is represented by coordinates(0.0064y²−0.7103y+40.1, y, −0.0064y²−0.2897y+59.9);

the line segment ST is represented by coordinates(0.0082y²−1.8683y+83.126, y, −0.0082y²+0.8683y+16.874); and

the line segment TP is a straight line.

The refrigeration cycle apparatus can perform a refrigeration cycleusing a refrigerant having properties including a sufficiently smallGWP, a refrigeration capacity (possibly referred to as cooling capacityor capacity) equivalent to that of R410A, and being classified withlower flammability (class 2L) according to the standard of the AmericanSociety of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers(ASHRAE).

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a twentieth aspect is therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first or second aspect,wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene(HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and difluoromethane (R32),

wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum inthe refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates(x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of afigure surrounded by line segments IK, KB′, B′H, HR, RG, and GI thatconnect the following 6 points:

point I (72.0, 28.0, 0.0),point K (48.4, 33.2, 18.4),point B′ (0.0, 81.6, 18.4),point H (0.0, 84.2, 15.8),point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), andpoint G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0),or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segments B′Hand GI);

the line segment IK is represented by coordinates

(0.025z²−1.7429z+72.00, −0.025z²+0.7429z+28.0, z),

the line segment HR is represented by coordinates(−0.3123z²+4.234z+11.06, 0.3123z²−5.234z+88.94, z),

the line segment RG is represented by coordinates

(−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and the linesegments KB′ and GI are straight lines.

The refrigeration cycle apparatus can perform a refrigeration cycleusing a refrigerant having properties including a sufficiently smallGWP, and a coefficient of performance (COP) equivalent to that of R410A.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a twenty first aspect isthe refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first or secondaspect, wherein

the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32,

wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum inthe refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates(x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of afigure surrounded by line segments IJ, JR, RG, and GI that connect thefollowing 4 points:

point I (72.0, 28.0, 0.0),point J (57.7, 32.8, 9.5),point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), andpoint G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0),or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segment GI);

the line segment IJ is represented by coordinates

(0.025z²−1.7429z+72.0, −0.025z²+0.7429z+28.0, z),

the line segment RG is represented by coordinates

(−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and

the line segments JR and GI are straight lines.

The refrigeration cycle apparatus can perform a refrigeration cycleusing a refrigerant having properties including a sufficiently smallGWP, and a coefficient of performance (COP) equivalent to that of R410A.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a twenty second aspect isthe refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first or secondaspect, wherein

the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32,

wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum inthe refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates(x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of afigure surrounded by line segments MP, PB′, B′H, HR, RG, and GM thatconnect the following 6 points:

point M (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),point P (31.8, 49.8, 18.4),point B′ (0.0, 81.6, 18.4),point H (0.0, 84.2, 15.8),point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), andpoint G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0),or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segments B′Hand GM);

the line segment MP is represented by coordinates

(0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z),

the line segment HR is represented by coordinates

(−0.3123z²+4.234z+11.06, 0.3123z²−5.234z+88.94, z),

the line segment RG is represented by coordinates

(−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and

the line segments PB′ and GM are straight lines.

The refrigeration cycle apparatus can perform a refrigeration cycleusing a refrigerant having properties including a sufficiently smallGWP, and a coefficient of performance (COP) equivalent to that of R410A.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a twenty third aspect isthe refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first or secondaspect, wherein

the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32,

wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum inthe refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates(x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of afigure surrounded by line segments MN, NR, RG, and GM that connect thefollowing 4 points:

point M (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),point N (38.5, 52.1, 9.5),point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), andpoint G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0),or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segment GM);

the line segment MN is represented by coordinates

(0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²-0.016z+52.9, z),

the line segment RG is represented by coordinates

(−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and

the line segments JR and GI are straight lines.

The refrigeration cycle apparatus can perform a refrigeration cycleusing a refrigerant having properties including a sufficiently smallGWP, and a coefficient of performance (COP) equivalent to that of R410A.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a twenty fourth aspect isthe refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first or secondaspect, wherein

the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32,

wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum inthe refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates(x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of afigure surrounded by line segments PS, ST, and TP that connect thefollowing 3 points:

point P (31.8, 49.8, 18.4),point S (25.4, 56.2, 18.4), andpoint T (34.8, 51.0, 14.2),or on these line segments;

the line segment ST is represented by coordinates

(−0.0982z²+0.9622z+40.931, 0.0982z²−1.9622z+59.069, z),

the line segment TP is represented by coordinates

(0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z), and

the line segment PS is a straight line.

The refrigeration cycle apparatus can perform a refrigeration cycleusing a refrigerant having properties including a sufficiently smallGWP, and a coefficient of performance (COP) equivalent to that of R410A.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to a twenty fifth aspect isthe refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first or secondaspect, wherein the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR32,

wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum inthe refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates(x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of afigure surrounded by line segments QB″, B″D, DU, and UQ that connect thefollowing 4 points:

point Q (28.6, 34.4, 37.0),point B″ (0.0, 63.0, 37.0),point D (0.0, 67.0, 33.0), andpoint U (28.7, 41.2, 30.1),or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segmentB″D);

the line segment DU is represented by coordinates

(−3.4962z²+210.71z−3146.1, 3.4962z²−211.71z+3246.1, z),

the line segment UQ is represented by coordinates

(0.0135z²−0.9181z+44.133, −0.0135z²−0.0819z+55.867, z), and

the line segments QB″ and B″D are straight lines.

The refrigeration cycle apparatus can perform a refrigeration cycleusing a refrigerant having properties including a sufficiently smallGWP, and a coefficient of performance (COP) equivalent to that of R410A.

A method of determining a refrigerant enclosure amount in arefrigeration cycle apparatus according to a twenty-sixth aspect, for arefrigeration cycle apparatus including a heat source unit including acompressor and a heat-source-side heat exchanger, a service unitincluding a service-side heat exchanger, and a refrigerant pipe thatconnects the heat source unit and the service unit to each other, andfor a refrigerant containing at least 1,2-difluoroethylene beingenclosed in a refrigerant circuit that is constituted by connecting thecompressor, the heat-source-side heat exchanger, and the service-sideheat exchanger to one another, sets an enclosure amount of therefrigerant in the refrigerant circuit per 1 kW of refrigerationcapacity to 160 g or more and 560 g or less. The method of determiningthe refrigerant enclosure amount, for a refrigeration cycle apparatusincluding a heat source unit including a compressor and aheat-source-side heat exchanger, a first service unit including a firstservice-side heat exchanger, a second service unit including a secondservice-side heat exchanger, and a refrigerant pipe that connects theheat source unit, the first service unit, and the second service unit toone another, and for a refrigerant containing at least1,2-difluoroethylene being enclosed in a refrigerant circuit that isconstituted by connecting the first service-side heat exchanger and thesecond service-side heat exchanger in parallel to the compressor and theheat-source-side heat exchanger, sets an enclosure amount of therefrigerant in the refrigerant circuit per 1 kW of refrigerationcapacity to 190 g or more and 1660 g or less.

With the method of determining the refrigerant enclosure amount, when aheat cycle is performed using a sufficiently small GWP, a refrigerationcycle apparatus having a LCCP kept low can be provided.

Note that, for the inner capacity (the volume of a fluid with which theinside can be filled) of the heat-source-side heat exchanger of therefrigeration cycle apparatus provided with one service unit, when therefrigerant circuit is not provided with a refrigerant container (forexample, a low-pressure receiver or a high-pressure receiver, excludingan accumulator belonging to a compressor), the inner capacity ispreferably 0.4 L or more and 2.5 L or less. When the refrigerant circuitis provided with a refrigerant container, the inner capacity ispreferably 1.4 L or more and less than 5.0 L.

Moreover, regarding the refrigeration cycle apparatus provided with oneservice unit, for the inner capacity (the volume of a fluid with whichthe inside can be filled) of the heat-source-side heat exchangerincluded in the heat source unit provided with only one fan, when theheat source unit has a casing having a blow-out port for blowing out theair which has passed through the heat-source-side heat exchanger in aside surface in an installed state (when the heat source unit is trunktype or the like), the inner capacity is preferably 0.4 L or more andless than 3.5 L. For the inner capacity (the volume of a fluid withwhich the inside can be filled) of the heat-source-side heat exchangerincluded in the heat source unit provided with two fans, when the heatsource unit has a casing having a blow-out port for blowing out the airwhich has passed through the heat-source-side heat exchanger in a sidesurface in an installed state (when the heat source unit is trunk typeor the like), the inner capacity is preferably 3.5 L or more and lessthan 5.0 L.

Note that, for the inner capacity (the volume of a fluid with which theinside can be filled) of the heat-source-side heat exchanger of therefrigeration cycle apparatus provided with the first service unit andthe second service unit, when the first service unit does not have anexpansion valve on the liquid side of the first service-side heatexchanger and the second service unit also does not have an expansionvalve on the liquid side of the second service-side heat exchanger, theinner capacity is preferably 1.4 L or more and less than 5.0 L. When thefirst service unit has an expansion valve on the liquid side of thefirst service-side heat exchanger and the second service unit also hasan expansion valve on the liquid side of the second service-side heatexchanger, the inner capacity is preferably 5.0 L or more and 38 L orless.

Moreover, regarding the refrigeration cycle apparatus provided with thefirst service unit and the second service unit, for the inner capacity(the volume of a fluid with which the inside can be filled) of theheat-source-side heat exchanger included in the heat source unitprovided with only one fan, when the heat source unit has a casinghaving a blow-out port for blowing out the air which has passed throughthe heat-source-side heat exchanger in a side surface in an installedstate (when the heat source unit is trunk type or the like), the innercapacity is preferably 0.4 L or more and less than 3.5 L. For the innercapacity (the volume of a fluid with which the inside can be filled) ofthe heat-source-side heat exchanger included in the heat source unitprovided with two fans, when the heat source unit has a casing having ablow-out port for blowing out the air which has passed through theheat-source-side heat exchanger in a side surface in an installed state(when the heat source unit is trunk type or the like), the innercapacity is preferably 3.5 L or more and 7.0 L or less. For the innercapacity (the volume of a fluid with which the inside can be filled) ofthe heat-source-side heat exchanger included in the heat source unitthat blows out upward the air which has passed through theheat-source-side heat exchanger, the inner capacity is preferably 5.5 Lor more and 38 L or less.

Note that the refrigerant for the method of determining the refrigerantenclosure amount in the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to thetwenty-sixth aspect may be the same refrigerant as the refrigerant usedfor the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to any one of the thirdaspect to the twenty-fifth aspect.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an instrument used for a flammabilitytest.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing points A to T and line segments that connectthese points in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass %.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing points A to C, D′, G, I, J, and K′, and linesegments that connect these points to each other in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf is (100−a) mass %.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing points A to C, D′, G, I, J, and K′, and linesegments that connect these points to each other in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf is 92.9 mass % (the content of R32 is 7.1 mass %).

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing points A to C, D′, G, I, J, K′, and W, andline segments that connect these points to each other in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf is 88.9 mass % (the content of R32 is 11.1 mass %).

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing points A, B, G, I, J, K′, and W, and linesegments that connect these points to each other in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf is 85.5 mass % (the content of R32 is 14.5 mass %).

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing points A, B, G, I, J, K′, and W, and linesegments that connect these points to each other in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf is 81.8 mass % (the content of R32 is 18.2 mass %).

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing points A, B, G, I, J, K′, and W, and linesegments that connect these points to each other in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf is 78.1 mass % (the content of R32 is 21.9 mass %).

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing points A, B, G, I, J, K′, and W, and linesegments that connect these points to each other in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf is 73.3 mass % (the content of R32 is 26.7 mass %).

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing points A, B, G, I, J, K′, and W, and linesegments that connect these points to each other in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf is 70.7 mass % (the content of R32 is 29.3 mass %).

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing points A, B, G, I, J, K′, and W, and linesegments that connect these points to each other in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf is 63.3 mass % (the content of R32 is 36.7 mass %).

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing points A, B, G, I, J, K′, and W, and linesegments that connect these points to each other in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf is 55.9 mass % (the content of R32 is 44.1 mass %).

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing points A, B, G, I, J, K′, and W, and linesegments that connect these points to each other in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf is 52.2 mass % (the content of R32 is 47.8 mass %).

FIG. 14 is a view showing points A to C, E, G, and Ito W; and linesegments that connect points A to C, E, G, and Ito W in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is100 mass %.

FIG. 15 is a view showing points A to U; and line segments that connectthe points in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass %.

FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigerant circuitaccording to a first embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a schematic control block configuration diagram of arefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigerant circuitaccording to a second embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a schematic control block configuration diagram of arefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigerant circuitaccording to a third embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a schematic control block configuration diagram of arefrigeration cycle apparatus according to the third embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS (1) Definition of Terms

In the present specification, the term “refrigerant” includes at leastcompounds that are specified in ISO 817 (International Organization forStandardization), and that are given a refrigerant number (ASHRAEnumber) representing the type of refrigerant with “R” at the beginning;and further includes refrigerants that have properties equivalent tothose of such refrigerants, even though a refrigerant number is not yetgiven. Refrigerants are broadly divided into fluorocarbon compounds andnon-fluorocarbon compounds in terms of the structure of the compounds.Fluorocarbon compounds include chlorofluorocarbons (CFC),hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC), and hydrofluorocarbons (HFC).Non-fluorocarbon compounds include propane (R290), propylene (R1270),butane (R600), isobutane (R600a), carbon dioxide (R744), ammonia (R717),and the like.

In the present specification, the phrase “composition comprising arefrigerant” at least includes (1) a refrigerant itself (including amixture of refrigerants), (2) a composition that further comprises othercomponents and that can be mixed with at least a refrigeration oil toobtain a working fluid for a refrigerating machine, and (3) a workingfluid for a refrigerating machine containing a refrigeration oil. In thepresent specification, of these three embodiments, the composition (2)is referred to as a “refrigerant composition” so as to distinguish itfrom a refrigerant itself (including a mixture of refrigerants).Further, the working fluid for a refrigerating machine (3) is referredto as a “refrigeration oil-containing working fluid” so as todistinguish it from the “refrigerant composition.”

In the present specification, when the term “alternative” is used in acontext in which the first refrigerant is replaced with the secondrefrigerant, the first type of “alternative” means that equipmentdesigned for operation using the first refrigerant can be operated usingthe second refrigerant under optimum conditions, optionally with changesof only a few parts (at least one of the following: refrigeration oil,gasket, packing, expansion valve, dryer, and other parts) and equipmentadjustment. In other words, this type of alternative means that the sameequipment is operated with an alternative refrigerant. Embodiments ofthis type of “alternative” include “drop-in alternative,” “nearlydrop-in alternative,” and “retrofit,” in the order in which the extentof changes and adjustment necessary for replacing the first refrigerantwith the second refrigerant is smaller.

The term “alternative” also includes a second type of “alternative,”which means that equipment designed for operation using the secondrefrigerant is operated for the same use as the existing use with thefirst refrigerant by using the second refrigerant. This type ofalternative means that the same use is achieved with an alternativerefrigerant.

In the present specification, the term “refrigerating machine” refers tomachines in general that draw heat from an object or space to make itstemperature lower than the temperature of ambient air, and maintain alow temperature. In other words, refrigerating machines refer toconversion machines that gain energy from the outside to do work, andthat perform energy conversion, in order to transfer heat from where thetemperature is lower to where the temperature is higher.

In the present specification, a refrigerant having a “WCF lowerflammability” means that the most flammable composition (worst case offormulation for flammability: WCF) has a burning velocity of 10 cm/s orless according to the US ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2013. Further, in thepresent specification, a refrigerant having “ASHRAE lower flammability”means that the burning velocity of WCF is 10 cm/s or less, that the mostflammable fraction composition (worst case of fractionation forflammability: WCFF), which is specified by performing a leakage testduring storage, shipping, or use based on ANSI/ASHRAE 34-2013 using WCF,has a burning velocity of 10 cm/s or less, and that flammabilityclassification according to the US ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2013 isdetermined to classified as be “Class 2L.”

In the present specification, a refrigerant having an “RCL of x % ormore” means that the refrigerant has a refrigerant concentration limit(RCL), calculated in accordance with the US ANSI/ASHRAE Standard34-2013, of x % or more. RCL refers to a concentration limit in the airin consideration of safety factors. RCL is an index for reducing therisk of acute toxicity, suffocation, and flammability in a closed spacewhere humans are present. RCL is determined in accordance with theASHRAE Standard. More specifically, RCL is the lowest concentrationamong the acute toxicity exposure limit (ATEL), the oxygen deprivationlimit (ODL), and the flammable concentration limit (FCL), which arerespectively calculated in accordance with sections 7.1.1, 7.1.2, and7.1.3 of the ASHRAE Standard.

In the present specification, temperature glide refers to an absolutevalue of the difference between the initial temperature and the endtemperature in the phase change process of a composition containing therefrigerant of the present disclosure in the heat exchanger of arefrigerant system.

(2) Refrigerant (2-1) Refrigerant Component

Any one of various refrigerants such as refrigerant A, refrigerant B,refrigerant C, refrigerant D, and refrigerant E, details of theserefrigerant are to be mentioned later, can be used as the refrigerant.

(2-2) Use of Refrigerant

The refrigerant according to the present disclosure can be preferablyused as a working fluid in a refrigerating machine.

The composition according to the present disclosure is suitable for useas an alternative refrigerant for HFC refrigerant such as R410A, R407Cand R404 etc, or HCFC refrigerant such as R22 etc.

(3) Refrigerant Composition

The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosurecomprises at least the refrigerant according to the present disclosure,and can be used for the same use as the refrigerant according to thepresent disclosure. Moreover, the refrigerant composition according tothe present disclosure can be further mixed with at least arefrigeration oil to thereby obtain a working fluid for a refrigeratingmachine.

The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure furthercomprises at least one other component in addition to the refrigerantaccording to the present disclosure. The refrigerant compositionaccording to the present disclosure may comprise at least one of thefollowing other components, if necessary. As described above, when therefrigerant composition according to the present disclosure is used as aworking fluid in a refrigerating machine, it is generally used as amixture with at least a refrigeration oil.

Therefore, it is preferable that the refrigerant composition accordingto the present disclosure does not substantially comprise arefrigeration oil. Specifically, in the refrigerant compositionaccording to the present disclosure, the content of the refrigerationoil based on the entire refrigerant composition is preferably 0 to 1mass %, and more preferably 0 to 0.1 mass %.

(3-1) Water

The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure maycontain a small amount of water. The water content of the refrigerantcomposition is preferably 0.1 mass % or less based on the entirerefrigerant. A small amount of water contained in the refrigerantcomposition stabilizes double bonds in the molecules of unsaturatedfluorocarbon compounds that can be present in the refrigerant, and makesit less likely that the unsaturated fluorocarbon compounds will beoxidized, thus increasing the stability of the refrigerant composition.

(3-2) Tracer

A tracer is added to the refrigerant composition according to thepresent disclosure at a detectable concentration such that when therefrigerant composition has been diluted, contaminated, or undergoneother changes, the tracer can trace the changes.

The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure maycomprise a single tracer, or two or more tracers.

The tracer is not limited, and can be suitably selected from commonlyused tracers. Preferably, a compound that cannot be an impurityinevitably mixed in the refrigerant of the present disclosure isselected as the tracer.

Examples of tracers include hydrofluorocarbons,hydrochlorofluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorocarbons,fluorocarbons, deuterated hydrocarbons, deuterated hydrofluorocarbons,perfluorocarbons, fluoroethers, brominated compounds, iodinatedcompounds, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and nitrous oxide (N₂O). Thetracer is particularly preferably a hydrofluorocarbon, ahydrochlorofluorocarbon, a chlorofluorocarbon, a fluorocarbon, ahydrochlorocarbon, a fluorocarbon, or a fluoroether.

The following compounds are preferable as the tracer.

-   FC-14 (tetrafluoromethane, CF₄)-   HCC-40 (chloromethane, CH₃Cl)-   HFC-23 (trifluoromethane, CHF₃)-   HFC-41 (fluoromethane, CH₃Cl)-   HFC-125 (pentafluoroethane, CF₃CHF₂)-   HFC-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, CF₃CH₂F)-   HFC-134 (1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, CHF₂CHF₂)-   HFC-143a (1,1,1-trifluoroethane, CF₃CH₃)-   HFC-143 (1,1,2-trifluoroethane, CHF₂CH₂F)-   HFC-152a (1,1-difluoroethane, CHF₂CH₃)-   HFC-152 (1,2-difluoroethane, CH₂FCH₂F)-   HFC-161 (fluoroethane, CH₃CH₂F)-   HFC-245fa (1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, CF₃CH₂CHF₂)-   HFC-236fa (1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane, CF₃CH₂CF₃)-   HFC-236ea (1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane, CF₃CHFCHF₂)-   HFC-227ea (1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, CF₃CHFCF₃)-   HCFC-22 (chlorodifluoromethane, CHClF₂)-   HCFC-31 (chlorofluoromethane, CH₂ClF)-   CFC-1113 (chlorotrifluoroethylene, CF₂═CClF)-   HFE-125 (trifluoromethyl-difluoromethyl ether, CF₃OCHF₂)-   HFE-134a (trifluoromethyl-fluoromethyl ether, CF₃OCH₂F)-   HFE-143a (trifluoromethyl-methyl ether, CF₃OCH₃)-   HFE-227ea (trifluoromethyl-tetrafluoroethyl ether, CF₃OCHFCF₃)-   HFE-236fa (trifluoromethyl-trifluoroethyl ether, CF₃OCH₂CF₃)

The tracer compound may be present in the refrigerant composition at atotal concentration of about 10 parts per million (ppm) to about 1000ppm. Preferably, the tracer compound is present in the refrigerantcomposition at a total concentration of about 30 ppm to about 500 ppm,and most preferably, the tracer compound is present at a totalconcentration of about 50 ppm to about 300 ppm.

(3-3) Ultraviolet Fluorescent Dye

The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure maycomprise a single ultraviolet fluorescent dye, or two or moreultraviolet fluorescent dyes.

The ultraviolet fluorescent dye is not limited, and can be suitablyselected from commonly used ultraviolet fluorescent dyes.

Examples of ultraviolet fluorescent dyes include naphthalimide,coumarin, anthracene, phenanthrene, xanthene, thioxanthene,naphthoxanthene, fluorescein, and derivatives thereof. The ultravioletfluorescent dye is particularly preferably either naphthalimide orcoumarin, or both.

(3-4) Stabilizer

The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure maycomprise a single stabilizer, or two or more stabilizers.

The stabilizer is not limited, and can be suitably selected fromcommonly used stabilizers.

Examples of stabilizers include nitro compounds, ethers, and amines.

Examples of nitro compounds include aliphatic nitro compounds, such asnitromethane and nitroethane; and aromatic nitro compounds, such asnitro benzene and nitro styrene.

Examples of ethers include 1,4-dioxane.

Examples of amines include 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylamine anddiphenylamine.

Examples of stabilizers also include butylhydroxyxylene andbenzotriazole.

The content of the stabilizer is not limited. Generally, the content ofthe stabilizer is preferably 0.01 to 5 mass %, and more preferably 0.05to 2 mass %, based on the entire refrigerant.

(3-5) Polymerization Inhibitor

The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure maycomprise a single polymerization inhibitor, or two or morepolymerization inhibitors.

The polymerization inhibitor is not limited, and can be suitablyselected from commonly used polymerization inhibitors.

Examples of polymerization inhibitors include 4-methoxy-1-naphthol,hydroquinone, hydroquinone methyl ether, dimethyl-t-butylphenol,2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and benzotriazole.

The content of the polymerization inhibitor is not limited. Generally,the content of the polymerization inhibitor is preferably 0.01 to 5 mass%, and more preferably 0.05 to 2 mass %, based on the entirerefrigerant.

(4) Refrigeration Oil-Containing Working Fluid

The refrigeration oil-containing working fluid according to the presentdisclosure comprises at least the refrigerant or refrigerant compositionaccording to the present disclosure and a refrigeration oil, for use asa working fluid in a refrigerating machine. Specifically, therefrigeration oil-containing working fluid according to the presentdisclosure is obtained by mixing a refrigeration oil used in acompressor of a refrigerating machine with the refrigerant or therefrigerant composition. The refrigeration oil-containing working fluidgenerally comprises 10 to 50 mass % of refrigeration oil.

(4-1) Refrigeration Oil

The refrigeration oil is not limited, and can be suitably selected fromcommonly used refrigeration oils. In this case, refrigeration oils thatare superior in the action of increasing the miscibility with themixture and the stability of the mixture, for example, are suitablyselected as necessary.

The base oil of the refrigeration oil is preferably, for example, atleast one member selected from the group consisting of polyalkyleneglycols (PAG), polyol esters (POE), and polyvinyl ethers (PVE).

The refrigeration oil may further contain additives in addition to thebase oil. The additive may be at least one member selected from thegroup consisting of antioxidants, extreme-pressure agents, acidscavengers, oxygen scavengers, copper deactivators, rust inhibitors, oilagents, and antifoaming agents.

A refrigeration oil with a kinematic viscosity of 5 to 400 cSt at 40° C.is preferable from the standpoint of lubrication.

The refrigeration oil-containing working fluid according to the presentdisclosure may further optionally contain at least one additive.Examples of additives include compatibilizing agents described below.

(4-2) Compatibilizing Agent

The refrigeration oil-containing working fluid according to the presentdisclosure may comprise a single compatibilizing agent, or two or morecompatibilizing agents.

The compatibilizing agent is not limited, and can be suitably selectedfrom commonly used compatibilizing agents.

Examples of compatibilizing agents include polyoxyalkylene glycolethers, amides, nitriles, ketones, chlorocarbons, esters, lactones, arylethers, fluoroethers, and 1,1,1-trifluoroalkanes. The compatibilizingagent is particularly preferably a polyoxyalkylene glycol ether.

(5) Various Refrigerants

Hereinafter, the refrigerants A to E, which are the refrigerants used inthe present embodiment, will be described in detail.

In addition, each description of the following refrigerant A,refrigerant B, refrigerant C, refrigerant D, and refrigerant E is eachindependent. The alphabet which shows a point or a line segment, thenumber of an Examples, and the number of a comparative examples are allindependent of each other among the refrigerant A, the refrigerant B,the refrigerant C, the refrigerant D, and the refrigerant E. Forexample, the first embodiment of the refrigerant A and the firstembodiment of the refrigerant B are different embodiment from eachother.

(5-1) Refrigerant A

The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is a mixedrefrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)),trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene(R1234yf).

The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure has variousproperties that are desirable as an R410A-alternative refrigerant, i.e.,a refrigerating capacity and a coefficient of performance that areequivalent to those of R410A, and a sufficiently low GWP.

The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is a compositioncomprising HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf, and optionally further comprisingHFO-1123, and may further satisfy the following requirements. Thisrefrigerant also has various properties desirable as an alternativerefrigerant for R410A; i.e., it has a refrigerating capacity and acoefficient of performance that are equivalent to those of R410A, and asufficiently low GWP.

Requirements

Preferable refrigerant A is as follows:

When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sumin the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z,coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range ofa figure surrounded by line segments AA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C, CO, and OAthat connect the following 7 points:

point A (68.6, 0.0, 31.4),point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),point C′ (19.5, 70.5, 10.0),point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0), andpoint O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line CO);

the line segment AA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²-0.0527x+42.503),

the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3,

the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),

the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and

the line segments BD, CO, and OA are straight lines.

When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according tothe present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or morerelative to that of R410A, and a COP of 92.5% or more relative to thatof R410A.

When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf, based on theirsum in the refrigerant A according to the present disclosure isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, the refrigerant is preferably arefrigerant wherein coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagramin which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % arewithin a figure surrounded by line segments GI, IA, AA′, A′B, BD, DC′,C′C, and CG that connect the following 8 points:

point G (72.0, 28.0, 0.0),point I (72.0, 0.0, 28.0),point A (68.6, 0.0, 31.4),point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),point C′ (19.5, 70.5, 10.0), andpoint C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0),or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line segmentCG);

the line segment AA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),

the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),

the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),

the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and

the line segments GI, IA, BD, and CG are straight lines.

When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant A accordingto the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% ormore relative to that of R410A, and a COP of 92.5% or more relative tothat of R410A; furthermore, the refrigerant A has a WCF lowerflammability according to the ASHRAE Standard (the WCF composition has aburning velocity of 10 cm/s or less).

When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sumin the refrigerant according to the present disclosure is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, the refrigerant is preferably a refrigerantwherein coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in whichthe sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are withinthe range of a figure surrounded by line segments JP, PN, NK, KA′, A′B,BD, DC′, C′C, and CJ that connect the following 9 points:

point J (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),point N (68.6, 16.3, 15.1),point K (61.3, 5.4, 33.3),point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),point C′ (19.5, 70.5, 10.0), andpoint C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0),or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line segmentCJ);

the line segment PN is represented by coordinates (x,−0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43),

the line segment NK is represented by coordinates (x,0.2421x²−29.955x+931.91, −0.2421x²+28.955x−831.91),

the line segment KA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),

the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),

the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),

the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and

the line segments JP, BD, and CG are straight lines.

When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant A accordingto the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% ormore relative to that of R410A, and a COP of 92.5% or more relative tothat of R410A; furthermore, the refrigerant exhibits a lowerflammability (Class 2L) according to the ASHRAE Standard (the WCFcomposition and the WCFF composition have a burning velocity of 10 cm/sor less).

When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sumin the refrigerant according to the present disclosure is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, the refrigerant is preferably a refrigerantwherein coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in whichthe sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are withinthe range of a figure surrounded by line segments JP, PL, LM, MA′, A′B,BD, DC′, C′ C, and CJ that connect the following 9 points:

point J (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0),point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5),point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),point C′ (19.5, 70.5, 10.0), andpoint (32.9, 67.1, 0.0),or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line segmentCJ);

the line segment PL is represented by coordinates (x,−0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43),

the line segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),

the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),

the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),

the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and

the line segments JP, LM, BD, and CG are straight lines.

When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according tothe present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or morerelative to that of R410A, and a COP of 92.5% or more relative to thatof R410A; furthermore, the refrigerant has an RCL of 40 g/m³ or more.

When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sumin the refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, the refrigerant is preferably a refrigerantwherein coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in whichthe sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are withinthe range of a figure surrounded by line segments PL, LM, MA′, A′B, BF,FT, and TP that connect the following 7 points:

point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0),point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5),point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),point F (0.0, 61.8, 38.2), andpoint T (35.8, 44.9, 19.3),or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line segmentBF);

the line segment PL is represented by coordinates (x,−0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43),

the line segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),

the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),

the line segment FT is represented by coordinates (x,0.0078x²−0.7501x+61.8, −0.0078x²−0.2499x+38.2),

the line segment TP is represented by coordinates (x,0.00672x²−0.7607x+63.525, −0.00672x²−0.2393x+36.475), and

the line segments LM and BF are straight lines.

When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according tothe present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or morerelative to that of R410A, and a COP of 95% or more relative to that ofR410A; furthermore, the refrigerant has an RCL of 40 g/m³ or more.

The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary compositiondiagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments PL,LQ, QR, and RP that connect the following 4 points:

point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0),point Q (62.8, 29.6, 7.6), andpoint R (49.8, 42.3, 7.9),or on the above line segments;

the line segment PL is represented by coordinates (x,−0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43),

the line segment RP is represented by coordinates (x,0.00672x²−0.7607x+63.525, −0.00672x²−0.2393x+36.475), and

the line segments LQ and QR are straight lines.

When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according tothe present disclosure has a COP of 95% or more relative to that ofR410A, and an RCL of 40 g/m³ or more, furthermore, the refrigerant has acondensation temperature glide of 1° C. or less.

The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary compositiondiagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments SM,MA′, A′B, BF, FT, and TS that connect the following 6 points:

point S (62.6, 28.3, 9.1),point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5),point A′(30.6, 30.0, 39.4),point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),point F (0.0, 61.8, 38.2), andpoint T (35.8, 44.9, 19.3),or on the above line segments,

the line segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),

the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),

the line segment FT is represented by coordinates (x,0.0078x²−0.7501x+61.8, −0.0078x²−0.2499x+38.2),

the line segment TS is represented by coordinates (x,−0.0017x²−0.7869x+70.888, −0.0017x²−0.2131x+29.112), and

the line segments SM and BF are straight lines.

When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according tothe present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or morerelative to that of R410A, a COP of 95% or more relative to that ofR410A, and an RCL of 40 g/m³ or more furthermore, the refrigerant has adischarge pressure of 105% or more relative to that of R410A.

The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary compositiondiagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments Od,dg, gh, and hO that connect the following 4 points:

point d (87.6, 0.0, 12.4),point g (18.2, 55.1, 26.7),point h (56.7, 43.3, 0.0), andpoint o (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),or on the line segments Od, dg, gh, and hO (excluding the points O andh);

the line segment dg is represented by coordinates(0.0047y²−1.5177y+87.598, y, −0.0047y²+0.5177y+12.402),

the line segment gh is represented by coordinates(−0.0134z²−1.0825z+56.692, 0.0134z²+0.0825z+43.308, z), and

the line segments hO and Od are straight lines.

When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according tothe present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 92.5% ormore relative to that of R410A, and a COP ratio of 92.5% or morerelative to that of R410A.

The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf, based on their sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z,coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range ofa figure surrounded by line segments lg, gh, hi, and it that connect thefollowing 4 points:

point l (72.5, 10.2, 17.3),point g (18.2, 55.1, 26.7),point h (56.7, 43.3, 0.0), andpoint i (72.5, 27.5, 0.0) oron the line segments lg, gh, and il (excluding the points h and i);

the line segment lg is represented by coordinates(0.0047y²−1.5177y+87.598, y, −0.0047y²+0.5177y+12.402),

the line gh is represented by coordinates (−0.0134z²−1.0825z+56.692,0.0134z²+0.0825z+43.308, z), and

the line segments hi and il are straight lines.

When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according tothe present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 92.5% ormore relative to that of R410A, and a COP ratio of 92.5% or morerelative to that of R410A; furthermore, the refrigerant has a lowerflammability (Class 2L) according to the ASHRAE Standard.

The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sumis respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments Od, de, ef, and fO that connect the following 4 points:

point d (87.6, 0.0, 12.4),point e (31.1, 42.9, 26.0),point f (65.5, 34.5, 0.0), andpoint O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),or on the line segments Od, de, and ef (excluding the points O and f);

the line segment de is represented by coordinates(0.0047y²−1.5177y+87.598, y, −0.0047y²+0.5177y+12.402),

the line segment ef is represented by coordinates(−0.0064z²−1.1565z+65.501, 0.0064z²+0.1565z+34.499, z), and

the line segments fO and Od are straight lines.

When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according tothe present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 93.5% ormore relative to that of R410A, and a COP ratio of 93.5% or morerelative to that of R410A.

The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sumis respectively represented by x, y, and z,

coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range ofa figure surrounded by line segments le, ef, fi, and il that connect thefollowing 4 points:

point l (72.5, 10.2, 17.3),point e (31.1, 42.9, 26.0),point f (65.5, 34.5, 0.0), andpoint i (72.5, 27.5, 0.0),or on the line segments le, ef, and il (excluding the points f and i);

the line segment le is represented by coordinates(0.0047y²−1.5177y+87.598, y, −0.0047y²+0.5177y+12.402),

the line segment of is represented by coordinates(−0.0134z²−1.0825z+56.692, 0.0134z²+0.0825z+43.308, z), and

the line segments fi and it are straight lines.

When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according tothe present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 93.5% ormore relative to that of R410A, and a COP ratio of 93.5% or morerelative to that of R410A; furthermore, the refrigerant has a lowerflammability (Class 2L) according to the ASHRAE Standard.

The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sumis respectively represented by x, y, and z,

coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range ofa figure surrounded by line segments Oa, ab, bc, and cO that connect thefollowing 4 points:

point a (93.4, 0.0, 6.6),point b (55.6, 26.6, 17.8),point c (77.6, 22.4, 0.0), andpoint O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),or on the line segments Oa, ab, and bc (excluding the points O and c);

the line segment ab is represented by coordinates(0.0052y²−1.5588y+93.385, y, −0.0052y²+0.5588y+6.615),

the line segment be is represented by coordinates(−0.0032z²−1.1791z+77.593, 0.0032z²+0.1791z+22.407, z), and

the line segments cO and Oa are straight lines.

When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according tothe present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 95% or morerelative to that of R410A, and a COP ratio of 95% or more relative tothat of R410A.

The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sumis respectively represented by x, y, and z,

coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range ofa figure surrounded by line segments kb, bj, and jk that connect thefollowing 3 points:

point k (72.5, 14.1, 13.4),point b (55.6, 26.6, 17.8), andpoint j (72.5, 23.2, 4.3),or on the line segments kb, bj, and jk;

the line segment kb is represented by coordinates(0.0052y²−1.5588y+93.385, y, and −0.0052y²+0.5588y+6.615),

the line segment bj is represented by coordinates(−0.0032z²−1.1791z+77.593, 0.0032z²+0.1791z+22.407, z), and

the line segment jk is a straight line.

When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according tothe present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 95% or morerelative to that of R410A, and a COP ratio of 95% or more relative tothat of R410A; furthermore, the refrigerant has a lower flammability(Class 2L) according to the ASHRAE Standard.

The refrigerant according to the present disclosure may further compriseother additional refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf, as long as the above properties and effects are not impaired.In this respect, the refrigerant according to the present disclosurepreferably comprises HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf in a totalamount of 99.5 mass % or more, more preferably 99.75 mass % or more, andstill more preferably 99.9 mass % or more, based on the entirerefrigerant.

The refrigerant according to the present disclosure may compriseHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf in a total amount of 99.5 mass % ormore, 99.75 mass % or more, or 99.9 mass % or more, based on the entirerefrigerant.

Additional refrigerants are not particularly limited and can be widelyselected. The mixed refrigerant may contain one additional refrigerant,or two or more additional refrigerants.

(Examples of Refrigerant A)

The present disclosure is described in more detail below with referenceto Examples of refrigerant A. However, refrigerant A is not limited tothe Examples.

The GWP of R1234yf and a composition consisting of a mixed refrigerantR410A (R32=50%/R125=50%) was evaluated based on the values stated in theIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), fourth report. The GWPof HFO-1132(E), which was not stated therein, was assumed to be 1 fromHFO-1132a (GWP=1 or less) and HFO-1123 (GWP=0.3, described in PatentLiterature 1). The refrigerating capacity of R410A and compositions eachcomprising a mixture of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf wasdetermined by performing theoretical refrigeration cycle calculationsfor the mixed refrigerants using the National Institute of Science andTechnology (NIST) and Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and TransportProperties Database (Refprop 9.0) under the following conditions.

Further, the RCL of the mixture was calculated with the LFL ofHFO-1132(E) being 4.7 vol. %, the LFL of HFO-1123 being 10 vol. %, andthe LFL of R1234yf being 6.2 vol. %, in accordance with the ASHRAEStandard 34-2013.

Evaporating temperature: 5° C.Condensation temperature: 45° C.Degree of superheating: 5 KDegree of subcooling: 5 KCompressor efficiency: 70%

Tables 1 to 34 show these values together with the GWP of each mixedrefrigerant.

TABLE 1 Comp. Comp. Exam- Comp. Comp. Ex. 2 Ex. 3 Exam- ple 2 Exam- Ex.4 Item Unit Ex. 1 O A ple 1 A′ ple 3 B HFO-1132(E) mass % R410A 100.068.6 49.0 30.6 14.1 0.0 HFO-1123 mass % 0.0 0.0 14.9 30.0 44.8 58.7R1234yf mass % 0.0 31.4 36.1 39.4 41.1 41.3 GWP — 2088 1 2 2 2 2 2 COPratio % (relative 100 99.7 100.0 98.6 97.3 96.3 95.5 to 410A)Refrigerating % (relative 100 98.3 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 capacityratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 0.1 0.00 1.98 3.36 4.46 5.15 5.35 glideDischarge % (relative 100.0 99.3 87.1 88.9 90.6 92.1 93.2 pressure to410A) RCL g/m³ — 30.7 37.5 44.0 52.7 64.0 78.6

TABLE 2 Comp. Exam- Comp. Comp. Exam- Comp. Ex. 5 Exam- ple 5 Exam- Ex.6 Ex. 7 ple 7 Ex. 8 Item Unit C ple 4 C′ ple 6 D E E′ F HFO-1132(E) mass% 32.9 26.6 19.5 10.9 0.0 58.0 23.4 0.0 HFO-1123 mass % 67.1 68.4 70.574.1 80.4 42.0 48.5 61.8 R1234yf mass % 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 19.6 0.0 28.138.2 GWP — 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.592.5 95.0 95.0 95.0 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 107.4 105.2 102.9100.5 97.9 105.0 92.5 86.9 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C.0.16 0.52 0.94 1.42 1.90 0.42 3.16 4.80 glide Discharge % (relative119.5 117.4 115.3 113.0 115.9 112.7 101.0 95.8 pressure to 410A) RCLg/m³ 53.5 57.1 62.0 69.1 81.3 41.9 46.3 79.0

TABLE 3 Comp. Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Ex. 9 ple 8 ple 9 ple 10 ple11 ple 12 Item Unit J P L N N′ K HFO-1132(E) mass % 47.1 55.8 63.1 68.665.0 61.3 HFO-1123 mass % 52.9 42.0 31.9 16.3 7.7 5.4 R1234yf mass % 0.02.2 5.0 15.1 27.3 33.3 GWP — 1 1 1 1 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 93.8 95.096.1 97.9 99.1 99.5 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 106.2 104.1 101.695.0 88.2 85.0 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 0.31 0.57 0.811.41 2.11 2.51 glide Discharge % (relative 115.8 111.9 107.8 99.0 91.287.7 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 46.2 42.6 40.0 38.0 38.7 39.7

TABLE 4 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- ple 13 ple 14 ple 15ple 16 ple 17 ple 18 ple 19 Item Unit L M Q R S S′ T HFO-1132(E) mass %63.1 60.3 62.8 49.8 62.6 50.0 35.8 HFO-1123 mass % 31.9 6.2 29.6 42.328.3 35.8 44.9 R1234yf mass % 5.0 33.5 7.6 7.9 9.1 14.2 19.3 GWP — 1 2 11 1 1 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.1 99.4 96.4 95.0 96.6 95.8 95.0 to410A) Refrigerating % (relative 101.6 85.0 100.2 101.7 99.4 98.1 96.7capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 0.81 2.58 1.00 1.00 1.10 1.552.07 glide Discharge % (relative 107.8 87.9 106.0 109.6 105.0 105.0105.0 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 40.0 40.0 40.0 44.8 40.0 44.4 50.8

TABLE 5 Comp. Ex. 10 Example 20 Example 21 Item Unit G H I HFO-1132(E)mass % 72.0 72.0 72.0 HFO-1123 mass % 28.0 14.0 0.0 R1234yf mass % 0.014.0 28.0 GWP — 1 1 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.6 98.2 99.9 to 410A)Refrigerating % (relative 103.1 95.1 86.6 capacity ratio to 410A)Condensation glide ° C. 0.46 1.27 1.71 Discharge pressure % (relative108.4 98.7 88.6 to 410A) RCL g/m³ 37.4 37.0 36.6

TABLE 6 Comp. Comp. Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Comp. Item Unit Ex. 11Ex. 12 ple 22 ple 23 ple 24 ple 25 ple 26 Ex. 13 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.020.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 HFO-1123 mass % 85.0 75.0 65.0 55.045.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 R1234yf mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP —1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % (relative 91.4 92.0 92.8 93.7 94.7 95.8 96.998.0 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 105.7 105.5 105.0 104.3 103.3102.0 100.6 99.1 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 0.40 0.460.55 0.66 0.75 0.80 0.79 0.67 glide Discharge % (relative 120.1 118.7116.7 114.3 111.6 108.7 105.6 102.5 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 71.0 61.954.9 49.3 44.8 41.0 37.8 35.1

TABLE 7 Comp. Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Comp. Item Unit Ex. 14ple 27 ple 28 ple 29 ple 30 ple 31 ple 32 Ex. 15 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.020.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 HFO-1123 mass % 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.040.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 R1234yf mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.010.0 GWP — 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % (relative 91.9 92.5 93.3 94.395.3 96.4 97.5 98.6 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 103.2 102.9 102.4101.5 100.5 99.2 97.8 96.2 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C.0.87 0.94 1.03 1.12 1.18 1.18 1.09 0.88 glide Discharge % (relative116.7 115.2 113.2 110.8 108.1 105.2 102.1 99.0 pressure to 410A) RCLg/m³ 70.5 61.6 54.6 49.1 44.6 40.8 37.7 35.0

TABLE 8 Comp. Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Comp. Item Unit Ex. 16ple 33 ple 34 ple 35 ple 36 ple 37 ple 38 Ex. 17 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.020.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 HFO-1123 mass % 75.0 65.0 55.0 45.035.0 25.0 15.0 5.0 R1234yf mass % 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.015.0 GWP — 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % (relative 92.4 93.1 93.9 94.895.9 97.0 98.1 99.2 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 100.5 100.2 99.698.7 97.7 96.4 94.9 93.2 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 1.411.49 1.56 1.62 1.63 1.55 1.37 1.05 glide Discharge % (relative 113.1111.6 109.6 107.2 104.5 101.6 98.6 95.5 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 70.061.2 54.4 48.9 44.4 40.7 37.5 34.8

TABLE 9 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple 39 ple40 ple 41 ple 42 ple 43 ple 44 ple 45 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.040.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 HFO-1123 mass % 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0R1234yf mass % 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2COP ratio % (relative 93.0 93.7 94.5 95.5 96.5 97.6 98.7 to 410A)Refrigerating % (relative 97.7 97.4 96.8 95.9 94.7 93.4 91.9 capacityratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 2.03 2.09 2.13 2.14 2.07 1.91 1.61glide Discharge % (relative 109.4 107.9 105.9 103.5 100.8 98.0 95.0pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 69.6 60.9 54.1 48.7 44.2 40.5 37.4

TABLE 10 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple 46 ple47 ple 48 ple 49 ple 50 ple 51 ple 52 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.040.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 HFO-1123 mass % 65.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 5.0R1234yf mass % 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2COP ratio % (relative 93.6 94.3 95.2 96.1 97.2 98.2 99.3 to 410A)Refrigerating % (relative 94.8 94.5 93.8 92.9 91.8 90.4 88.8 capacityratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 2.71 2.74 2.73 2.66 2.50 2.22 1.78glide Discharge % (relative 105.5 104.0 102.1 99.7 97.1 94.3 91.4pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 69.1 60.5 53.8 48.4 44.0 40.4 37.3

TABLE 11 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple 53 ple 54 ple55 ple 56 ple 57 ple 58 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0HFO-1123 mass % 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 R1234yf mass % 30.0 30.030.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 94.3 95.095.9 96.8 97.8 98.9 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 91.9 91.5 90.889.9 88.7 87.3 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 3.46 3.43 3.353.18 2.90 2.47 glide Discharge % (relative 101.6 100.1 98.2 95.9 93.390.6 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 68.7 60.2 53.5 48.2 43.9 40.2

TABLE 12 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Comp. Item Unit ple 59 ple 60 ple61 ple 62 ple 63 Ex. 18 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0HFO-1123 mass % 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 5.0 R1234yf mass % 35.0 35.035.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 95.0 95.896.6 97.5 98.5 99.6 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 88.9 88.5 87.886.8 85.6 84.1 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 4.24 4.15 3.963.67 3.24 2.64 glide Discharge % (relative 97.6 96.1 94.2 92.0 89.5 86.8pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 68.2 59.8 53.2 48.0 43.7 40.1

TABLE 13 Exam- Exam- Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Unit ple 64 ple 65 Ex. 19Ex. 20 Ex. 21 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 HFO-1123 mass% 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 R1234yf mass % 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 GWP —2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 95.9 96.6 97.4 98.3 99.2 to 410A)Refrigerating % (relative 85.8 85.4 84.7 83.6 82.4 capacity ratio to410A) Condensation ° C. 5.05 4.85 4.55 4.10 3.50 glide Discharge %(relative 93.5 92.1 90.3 88.1 85.6 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 67.8 59.553.0 47.8 43.5

TABLE 14 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple66 ple 67 ple 68 ple 69 ple 70 ple 71 ple 72 ple 73 HFO-1132(E) mass %54.0 56.0 58.0 62.0 52.0 54.0 56.0 58.0 HFO-1123 mass % 41.0 39.0 37.033.0 41.0 39.0 37.0 35.0 R1234yf mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0GWP — 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % (relative 95.1 95.3 95.6 96.0 95.195.4 95.6 95.8 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 102.8 102.6 102.3101.8 101.9 101.7 101.5 101.2 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C.0.78 0.79 0.80 0.81 0.93 0.94 0.95 0.95 glide Discharge % (relative110.5 109.9 109.3 108.1 109.7 109.1 108.5 107.9 pressure to 410A) RCLg/m³ 43.2 42.4 41.7 40.3 43.9 43.1 42.4 41.6

TABLE 15 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple74 ple 75 ple 76 ple 77 ple 78 ple 79 ple 80 ple 81 HFO-1132(E) mass %60.0 62.0 61.0 58.0 60.0 62.0 52.0 54.0 HFO-1123 mass % 33.0 31.0 29.030.0 28.0 26.0 34.0 32.0 R1234yf mass % 7.0 7.0 10.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 14.014.0 GWP — 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % (relative 96.0 96.2 96.5 96.496.6 96.8 96.0 96.2 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 100.9 100.7 99.198.4 98.1 97.8 98.0 97.7 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 0.950.95 1.18 1.34 1.33 1.32 1.53 1.53 glide Discharge % (relative 107.3106.7 104.9 104.4 103.8 103.2 104.7 104.1 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³40.9 40.3 40.5 41.5 40.8 40.1 43.6 42.9

TABLE 16 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple82 ple 83 ple 84 ple 85 ple 86 ple 87 ple 88 ple 89 HFO-1132(E) mass %56.0 58.0 60.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 54.0 56.0 HFO-1123 mass % 30.0 28.0 26.036.0 34.0 32.0 30.0 28.0 R1234yf mass % 14.0 14.0 14.0 16.0 16.0 16.016.0 16.0 GWP — 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % (relative 96.4 96.6 96.995.8 96.0 96.2 96.4 96.7 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 97.5 97.296.9 97.3 97.1 96.8 96.6 96.3 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C.1.51 1.50 1.48 1.72 1.72 1.71 1.69 1.67 glide Discharge % (relative103.5 102.9 102.3 104.3 103.8 103.2 102.7 102.1 pressure to 410A) RCLg/m³ 42.1 41.4 40.7 45.2 44.4 43.6 42.8 42.1

TABLE 17 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple90 ple 91 ple 92 ple 93 ple 94 ple 95 ple 96 ple 97 HFO-1132(E) mass %58.0 60.0 42.0 44.0 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 HFO-1123 mass % 26.0 24.0 40.038.0 36.0 34.0 32.0 30.0 R1234yf mass % 16.0 16.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.018.0 18.0 GWP — 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.9 97.1 95.495.6 95.8 96.0 96.3 96.5 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 96.1 95.896.8 96.6 96.4 96.2 95.9 95.7 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C.1.65 1.63 1.93 1.92 1.92 1.91 1.89 1.88 glide Discharge % (relative101.5 100.9 104.5 103.9 103.4 102.9 102.3 101.8 pressure to 410A) RCLg/m³ 41.4 40.7 47.8 46.9 46.0 45.1 44.3 43.5

TABLE 18 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple98 ple 99 ple 100 ple 101 ple 102 ple 103 ple 104 ple 105 HFO-1132(E)mass % 54.0 56.0 58.0 60.0 36.0 38.0 42.0 44.0 HFO-1123 mass % 28.0 26.024.0 22.0 44.0 42.0 38.0 36.0 R1234yf mass % 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 20.020.0 20.0 20.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.7 96.997.1 97.3 95.1 95.3 95.7 95.9 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 95.495.2 94.9 94.6 96.3 96.1 95.7 95.4 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation° C. 1.86 1.83 1.80 1.77 2.14 2.14 2.13 2.12 glide Discharge % (relative101.2 100.6 100.0 99.5 104.5 104.0 103.0 102.5 pressure to 410A) RCLg/m³ 42.7 42.0 41.3 40.6 50.7 49.7 47.7 46.8

TABLE 19 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple106 ple 107 ple 108 ple 109 ple 110 ple 111 ple 112 ple 113 HFO-1132(E)mass % 46.0 48.0 52.0 54.0 56.0 58.0 34.0 36.0 HFO-1123 mass % 34.0 32.028.0 26.0 24.0 22.0 44.0 42.0 R1234yf mass % 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.020.0 22.0 22.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.1 96.396.7 96.9 97.2 97.4 95.1 95.3 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 95.295.0 94.5 94.2 94.0 93.7 95.3 95.1 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation° C. 2.11 2.09 2.05 2.02 1.99 1.95 2.37 2.36 glide Discharge % (relative101.9 101.4 100.3 99.7 99.2 98.6 103.4 103.0 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³45.9 45.0 43.4 42.7 41.9 41.2 51.7 50.6

TABLE 20 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple114 ple 115 ple 116 ple 117 ple 118 ple 119 ple 120 ple 121 HFO-1132(E)mass % 38.0 40.0 42.0 44.0 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 HFO-1123 mass % 40.0 38.036.0 34.0 32.0 30.0 28.0 26.0 R1234yf mass % 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.022.0 22.0 22.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 95.5 95.795.9 96.1 96.4 96.6 96.8 97.0 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 94.994.7 94.5 94.3 94.0 93.8 93.6 93.3 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation° C. 2.36 2.35 2.33 2.32 2.30 2.27 2.25 2.21 glide Discharge % (relative102.5 102.0 101.5 101.0 100.4 99.9 99.4 98.8 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³49.6 48.6 47.6 46.7 45.8 45.0 44.1 43.4

TABLE 21 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple122 ple 123 ple 124 ple 125 ple 126 ple 127 ple 128 ple 129 HFO-1132(E)mass % 54.0 56.0 58.0 60.0 32.0 34.0 36.0 38.0 HFO-1123 mass % 24.0 22.020.0 18.0 44.0 42.0 40.0 38.0 R1234yf mass % 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 24.024.0 24.0 24.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 97.2 97.497.6 97.9 95.2 95.4 95.6 95.8 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 93.092.8 92.5 92.2 94.3 94.1 93.9 93.7 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation° C. 2.18 2.14 2.09 2.04 2.61 2.60 2.59 2.58 glide Discharge % (relative98.2 97.7 97.1 96.5 102.4 101.9 101.5 101.0 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³42.6 41.9 41.2 40.5 52.7 51.6 50.5 49.5

TABLE 22 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple130 ple 131 ple 132 ple 133 ple 134 ple 135 ple 136 ple 137 HFO-1132(E)mass % 40.0 42.0 44.0 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 54.0 HFO-1123 mass % 36.0 34.032.0 30.0 28.0 26.0 24.0 22.0 R1234yf mass % 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.024.0 24.0 24.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.0 96.296.4 96.6 96.8 97.0 97.2 97.5 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 93.593.3 93.1 92.8 92.6 92.4 92.1 91.8 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation° C. 2.56 2.54 2.51 2.49 2.45 2.42 2.38 2.33 glide Discharge % (relative100.5 100.0 99.5 98.9 98.4 97.9 97.3 96.8 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³48.5 47.5 46.6 45.7 44.9 44.1 43.3 42.5

TABLE 23 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple138 ple 139 ple 140 ple 141 ple 142 ple 143 ple 144 ple 145 HFO-1132(E)mass % 56.0 58.0 60.0 30.0 32.0 34.0 36.0 38.0 HFO-1123 mass % 20.0 18.016.0 44.0 42.0 40.0 38.0 36.0 R1234yf mass % 24.0 24.0 24.0 26.0 26.026.0 26.0 26.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 97.7 97.998.1 95.3 95.5 95.7 95.9 96.1 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 91.691.3 91.0 93.2 93.1 92.9 92.7 92.5 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation° C. 2.28 2.22 2.16 2.86 2.85 2.83 2.81 2.79 glide Discharge % (relative96.2 95.6 95.1 101.3 100.8 100.4 99.9 99.4 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³41.8 41.1 40.4 53.7 52.6 51.5 50.4 49.4

TABLE 24 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple146 ple 147 ple 148 ple 149 ple 150 ple 151 ple 152 ple 153 HFO-1132(E)mass % 40.0 42.0 44.0 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 54.0 HFO-1123 mass % 34.0 32.030.0 28.0 26.0 24.0 22.0 20.0 R1234yf mass % 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.026.0 26.0 26.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.3 96.596.7 96.9 97.1 97.3 97.5 97.7 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 92.392.1 91.9 91.6 91.4 91.2 90.9 90.6 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation° C. 2.77 2.74 2.71 2.67 2.63 2.59 2.53 2.48 glide Discharge % (relative99.0 98.5 97.9 97.4 96.9 96.4 95.8 95.3 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 48.447.4 46.5 45.7 44.8 44.0 43.2 42.5

TABLE 25 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple154 ple 155 ple 156 ple 157 ple 158 ple 159 ple 160 ple 161 HFO-1132(E)mass % 56.0 58.0 60.0 30.0 32.0 34.0 36.0 38.0 HFO-1123 mass % 18.0 16.014.0 42.0 40.0 38.0 36.0 34.0 R1234yf mass % 26.0 26.0 26.0 28.0 28.028.0 28.0 28.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 97.9 98.298.4 95.6 95.8 96.0 96.2 96.3 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 90.390.1 89.8 92.1 91.9 91.7 91.5 91.3 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation° C. 2.42 2.35 2.27 3.10 3.09 3.06 3.04 3.01 glide Discharge % (relative94.7 94.1 93.6 99.7 99.3 98.8 98.4 97.9 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 41.741.0 40.3 53.6 52.5 51.4 50.3 49.3

TABLE 26 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple162 ple 163 ple 164 ple 165 ple 166 ple 167 ple 168 ple 169 HFO-1132(E)mass % 40.0 42.0 44.0 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 54.0 HFO-1123 mass % 32.0 30.028.0 26.0 24.0 22.0 20.0 18.0 R1234yf mass % 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.028.0 28.0 28.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.5 96.796.9 97.2 97.4 97.6 97.8 98.0 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 91.190.9 90.7 90.4 90.2 89.9 89.7 89.4 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation° C. 2.98 2.94 2.90 2.85 2.80 2.75 2.68 2.62 glide Discharge % (relative97.4 96.9 96.4 95.9 95.4 94.9 94.3 93.8 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 48.347.4 46.4 45.6 44.7 43.9 43.1 42.4

TABLE 27 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple170 ple 171 ple 172 ple 173 ple 174 ple 175 ple 176 ple 177 HFO-1132(E)mass % 56.0 58.0 60.0 32.0 34.0 36.0 38.0 42.0 HFO-1123 mass % 16.0 14.012.0 38.0 36.0 34.0 32.0 28.0 R1234yf mass % 28.0 28.0 28.0 30.0 30.030.0 30.0 30.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 98.2 98.498.6 96.1 96.2 96.4 96.6 97.0 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 89.188.8 88.5 90.7 90.5 90.3 90.1 89.7 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation° C. 2.54 2.46 2.38 3.32 3.30 3.26 3.22 3.14 glide Discharge % (relative93.2 92.6 92.1 97.7 97.3 96.8 96.4 95.4 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 41.741.0 40.3 52.4 51.3 50.2 49.2 47.3

TABLE 28 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple178 ple 179 ple 180 ple 181 ple 182 ple 183 ple 184 ple 185 HFO-1132(E)mass % 44.0 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 54.0 56.0 58.0 HFO-1123 mass % 26.0 24.022.0 20.0 18.0 16.0 14.0 12.0 R1234yf mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.030.0 30.0 30.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 97.2 97.497.6 97.8 98.0 98.3 98.5 98.7 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 89.489.2 89.0 88.7 88.4 88.2 87.9 87.6 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation° C. 3.08 3.03 2.97 2.90 2.83 2.75 2.66 2.57 glide Discharge % (relative94.9 94.4 93.9 93.3 92.8 92.3 91.7 91.1 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 46.445.5 44.7 43.9 43.1 42.3 41.6 40.9

TABLE 29 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple186 ple 187 ple 188 ple 189 ple 190 ple 191 ple 192 ple 193 HFO-1132(E)mass % 30.0 32.0 34.0 36.0 38.0 40.0 42.0 44.0 HFO-1123 mass % 38.0 36.034.0 32.0 30.0 28.0 26.0 24.0 R1234yf mass % 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.032.0 32.0 32.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.2 96.396.5 96.7 96.9 97.1 97.3 97.5 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 89.689.5 89.3 89.1 88.9 88.7 88.4 88.2 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation° C. 3.60 3.56 3.52 3.48 3.43 3.38 3.33 3.26 glide Discharge % (relative96.6 96.2 95.7 95.3 94.8 94.3 93.9 93.4 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 53.452.3 51.2 50.1 49.1 48.1 47.2 46.3

TABLE 30 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple194 ple 195 ple 196 ple 197 ple 198 ple 199 ple 200 ple 201 HFO-1132(E)mass % 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 54.0 56.0 58.0 60.0 HFO-1123 mass % 22.0 20.018.0 16.0 14.0 12.0 10.0 8.0 R1234yf mass % 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.032.0 32.0 32.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 97.7 97.998.1 98.3 98.5 98.7 98.9 99.2 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 88.087.7 87.5 87.2 86.9 86.6 86.3 86.0 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation° C. 3.20 3.12 3.04 2.96 2.87 2.77 2.66 2.55 glide Discharge % (relative92.8 92.3 91.8 91.3 90.7 90.2 89.6 89.1 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 45.444.6 43.8 43.0 42.3 41.5 40.8 40.2

TABLE 31 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple202 ple 203 ple 204 ple 205 ple 206 ple 207 ple 208 ple 209 HFO-1132(E)mass % 30.0 32.0 34.0 36.0 38.0 40.0 42.0 44.0 HFO-1123 mass % 36.0 34.032.0 30.0 28.0 26.0 24.0 22.0 R1234yf mass % 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.034.0 34.0 34.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.5 96.696.8 97.0 97.2 97.4 97.6 97.8 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 88.488.2 88.0 87.8 87.6 87.4 87.2 87.0 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation° C. 3.84 3.80 3.75 3.70 3.64 3.58 3.51 3.43 glide Discharge % (relative95.0 94.6 94.2 93.7 93.3 92.8 92.3 91.8 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 53.352.2 51.1 50.0 49.0 48.0 47.1 46.2

TABLE 32 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple210 ple 211 ple 212 ple 213 ple 214 ple 215 ple 216 ple 217 HFO-1132(E)mass % 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 54.0 30.0 32.0 34.0 HFO-1123 mass % 20.0 18.016.0 14.0 12.0 34.0 32.0 30.0 R1234yf mass % 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.036.0 36.0 36.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 98.0 98.298.4 98.6 98.8 96.8 96.9 97.1 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 86.786.5 86.2 85.9 85.6 87.2 87.0 86.8 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation° C. 3.36 3.27 3.18 3.08 2.97 4.08 4.03 3.97 glide Discharge % (relative91.3 90.8 90.3 89.7 89.2 93.4 93.0 92.6 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 45.344.5 43.7 42.9 42.2 53.2 52.1 51.0

TABLE 33 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple218 ple 219 ple 220 ple 221 ple 222 ple 223 ple 224 ple 225 HFO-1132(E)mass % 36.0 38.0 40.0 42.0 44.0 46.0 30.0 32.0 HFO-1123 mass % 28.0 26.024.0 22.0 20.0 18.0 32.0 30.0 R1234yf mass % 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.036.0 38.0 38.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 97.3 97.597.7 97.9 98.1 98.3 97.1 97.2 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 86.686.4 86.2 85.9 85.7 85.5 85.9 85.7 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation° C. 3.91 3.84 3.76 3.68 3.60 3.50 4.32 4.25 glide Discharge % (relative92.1 91.7 91.2 90.7 90.3 89.8 91.9 91.4 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 49.948.9 47.9 47.0 46.1 45.3 53.1 52.0

TABLE 34 Item Unit Example 226 Example 227 HFO-1132(E) mass % 34.0 36.0HFO-1123 mass % 28.0 26.0 R1234yf mass % 38.0 38.0 GWP — 2 2 COP ratio %(relative 97.4 97.6 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 85.6 85.3capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation glide ° C. 4.18 4.11 Dischargepressure % (relative 91.0 90.6 to 410A) RCL g/m³ 50.9 49.8

These results indicate that under the condition that the mass % ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sum is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, when coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments AA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C, CO, and OA that connect thefollowing 7 points:

point A (68.6, 0.0, 31.4),point A′(30.6, 30.0, 39.4),point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),point C′ (19.5, 70.5, 10.0),point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0), andpoint O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line segmentCO);the line segment AA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3,the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), andthe line segments BD, CO, and OA are straight lines,the refrigerant has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or morerelative to that of R410A, and a COP of 92.5% or more relative to thatof R410A.

The point on the line segment AA′ was determined by obtaining anapproximate curve connecting point A, Example 1, and point A′ by theleast square method.

The point on the line segment A′B was determined by obtaining anapproximate curve connecting point A′, Example 3, and point B by theleast square method.

The point on the line segment DC′ was determined by obtaining anapproximate curve connecting point D, Example 6, and point C′ by theleast square method.

The point on the line segment C′C was determined by obtaining anapproximate curve connecting point C′, Example 4, and point C by theleast square method.

Likewise, the results indicate that when coordinates (x,y,z) are withinthe range of a figure surrounded by line segments AA′, A′B, BF, FT, TE,EO, and OA that connect the following 7 points:

point A (68.6, 0.0, 31.4),point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),point F (0.0, 61.8, 38.2),point T (35.8, 44.9, 19.3),point E (58.0, 42.0, 0.0) andpoint O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line EO);the line segment AA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),the line segment FT is represented by coordinates (x,0.0078x²−0.7501x+61.8, −0.0078x²−0.2499x+38.2), andthe line segment TE is represented by coordinates (x,0.0067x²−0.7607x+63.525, −0.0067x²−0.2393x+36.475), andthe line segments BF, FO, and OA are straight lines,the refrigerant has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or morerelative to that of R410A, and a COP of 95% or more relative to that ofR410A.

The point on the line segment FT was determined by obtaining anapproximate curve connecting three points, i.e., points T, E′, and F, bythe least square method.

The point on the line segment TE was determined by obtaining anapproximate curve connecting three points, i.e., points E, R, and T, bythe least square method.

The results in Tables 1 to 34 clearly indicate that in a ternarycomposition diagram of the mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,and R1234yf in which the sum of these components is 100 mass %, a linesegment connecting a point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) and a point (0.0, 0.0,100.0) is the base, the point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) is on the left side, andthe point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is on the right side, when coordinates(x,y,z) are on or below the line segment LM connecting point L (63.1,31.9, 5.0) and point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5), the refrigerant has an RCL of40 g/m³ or more.

The results in Tables 1 to 34 clearly indicate that in a ternarycomposition diagram of the mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123and R1234yf in which their sum is 100 mass %, a line segment connectinga point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) and a point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is the base, thepoint (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) is on the left side, and the point (0.0, 0.0,100.0) is on the right side, when coordinates (x,y,z) are on the linesegment QR connecting point Q (62.8, 29.6, 7.6) and point R (49.8, 42.3,7.9) or on the left side of the line segment, the refrigerant has atemperature glide of 1° C. or less.

The results in Tables 1 to 34 clearly indicate that in a ternarycomposition diagram of the mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,and R1234yf in which their sum is 100 mass %, a line segment connectinga point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) and a point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is the base, thepoint (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) is on the left side, and the point (0.0, 0.0,100.0) is on the right side, when coordinates (x,y,z) are on the linesegment ST connecting point S (62.6, 28.3, 9.1) and point T (35.8, 44.9,19.3) or on the right side of the line segment, the refrigerant has adischarge pressure of 105% or less relative to that of 410A.

In these compositions, R1234yf contributes to reducing flammability, andsuppressing deterioration of polymerization etc. Therefore, thecomposition preferably contains R1234yf.

Further, the burning velocity of these mixed refrigerants whose mixedformulations were adjusted to WCF concentrations was measured accordingto the ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2013. Compositions having a burningvelocity of 10 cm/s or less were determined to be classified as “Class2L (lower flammability).”

A burning velocity test was performed using the apparatus shown in FIG.1 in the following manner. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 901 refers to asample cell, 902 refers to a high-speed camera, 903 refers to a xenonlamp, 904 refers to a collimating lens, 905 refers to a collimatinglens, and 906 refers to a ring filter. First, the mixed refrigerantsused had a purity of 99.5% or more, and were degassed by repeating acycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no traces of air wereobserved on the vacuum gauge. The burning velocity was measured by theclosed method. The initial temperature was ambient temperature. Ignitionwas performed by generating an electric spark between the electrodes inthe center of a sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0 to9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 to 1.0 J. Thespread of the flame was visualized using schlieren photographs. Acylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equippedwith two light transmission acrylic windows was used as the sample cell,and a xenon lamp was used as the light source. Schlieren images of theflame were recorded by a high-speed digital video camera at a frame rateof 600 fps and stored on a PC.

Each WCFF concentration was obtained by using the WCF concentration asthe initial concentration and performing a leak simulation using NISTStandard Reference Database REFLEAK Version 4.0.

Tables 35 and 36 show the results.

TABLE 35 Item Unit G H I WCF HFO-1132(E) mass % 72.0 72.0 72.0 HFO-1123mass % 28.0 9.6 0.0 R1234yf mass % 0.0 18.4 28.0 Burning velocity (WCF)cm/s 10 10 10

TABLE 36 Item Unit J P L N N′ K WCF HFO-1132(E) mass % 47.1 55.8 63.168.6 65.0 61.3 HFO-1123 mass % 52.9 42.0 31.9 16.3 7.7 5.4 R1234yf mass% 0.0  2.2  5.0 15.1 27.3 33.3 Leak condition that Storage/ Storage/Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ results in WCFF Shipping −40°Shipping −40° Shipping −40° Shipping −40° Shipping −40° Shipping, −40°C., 92% C., 90% C., 90% C., 66% C., 12% C., 0% release, release,release, release, release, release, liquid liquid gas phase gas phasegas phase gas phase phase side phase side side side side side WCFFHFO-1132(E) mass % 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 HFO-1123 mass % 28.017.8 17.4 13.6 12.3 9.8 R1234yf mass % 0.0 10.2 10.6 14.4 15.7 18.2Burning cm/s 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 9 9 8 or less velocity (WCF)Burning cm/s 10 10   10   10 10 10 velocity (WCFF)

The results in Table 35 clearly indicate that when a mixed refrigerantof HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf contains HFO-1132(E) in aproportion of 72.0 mass % or less based on their sum, the refrigerantcan be determined to have a WCF lower flammability.

The results in Tables 36 clearly indicate that in a ternary compositiondiagram of a mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf inwhich their sum is 100 mass %, and a line segment connecting a point(0.0, 100.0, 0.0) and a point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is the base, whencoordinates (x,y,z) are on or below the line segments JP, PN, and NKconnecting the following 6 points:

point J (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0)point N (68.6, 16.3, 15.1)point N′ (65.0, 7.7, 27.3) andpoint K (61.3, 5.4, 33.3),the refrigerant can be determined to have a WCF lower flammability, anda WCFF lower flammability.In the diagram, the line segment PN is represented by coordinates (x,−0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43),and the line segment NK is represented by coordinates (x,0.2421x²−29.955x+931.91, −0.2421x²+28.955x−831.91).

The point on the line segment PN was determined by obtaining anapproximate curve connecting three points, i.e., points P, L, and N, bythe least square method.

The point on the line segment NK was determined by obtaining anapproximate curve connecting three points, i.e., points N, N′, and K, bythe least square method.

(5-2) Refrigerant B

The refrigerant B according to the present disclosure is

a mixed refrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E))and trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123) in a total amount of 99.5 mass % ormore based on the entire refrigerant, and the refrigerant comprising62.0 mass % to 72.0 mass % or 45.1 mass % to 47.1 mass % of HFO-1132(E)based on the entire refrigerant, or

a mixed refrigerant comprising HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 in a totalamount of 99.5 mass % or more based on the entire refrigerant, and therefrigerant comprising 45.1 mass % to 47.1 mass % of HFO-1132(E) basedon the entire refrigerant.

The refrigerant B according to the present disclosure has variousproperties that are desirable as an R410A-alternative refrigerant, i.e.,(1) a coefficient of performance equivalent to that of R410A, (2) arefrigerating capacity equivalent to that of R410A, (3) a sufficientlylow GWP, and (4) a lower flammability (Class 2L) according to the ASHRAEstandard.

When the refrigerant B according to the present disclosure is a mixedrefrigerant comprising 72.0 mass % or less of HFO-1132(E), it has WCFlower flammability. When the refrigerant B according to the presentdisclosure is a composition comprising 47.1% or less of HFO-1132(E), ithas WCF lower flammability and WCFF lower flammability, and isdetermined to be “Class 2L,” which is a lower flammable refrigerantaccording to the ASHRAE standard, and which is further easier to handle.

When the refrigerant B according to the present disclosure comprises62.0 mass % or more of HFO-1132(E), it becomes superior with acoefficient of performance of 95% or more relative to that of R410A, thepolymerization reaction of HFO-1132(E) and/or HFO-1123 is furthersuppressed, and the stability is further improved. When the refrigerantB according to the present disclosure comprises 45.1 mass % or more ofHFO-1132(E), it becomes superior with a coefficient of performance of93% or more relative to that of R410A, the polymerization reaction ofHFO-1132(E) and/or HFO-1123 is further suppressed, and the stability isfurther improved.

The refrigerant B according to the present disclosure may furthercomprise other additional refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E) andHFO-1123, as long as the above properties and effects are not impaired.In this respect, the refrigerant according to the present disclosurepreferably comprises HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 in a total amount of 99.75mass % or more, and more preferably 99.9 mass % or more, based on theentire refrigerant.

Such additional refrigerants are not limited, and can be selected from awide range of refrigerants. The mixed refrigerant may comprise a singleadditional refrigerant, or two or more additional refrigerants.

(Examples of Refrigerant B)

The present disclosure is described in more detail below with referenceto Examples of refrigerant B. However, the refrigerant B is not limitedto the Examples.

Mixed refrigerants were prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 atmass % based on their sum shown in Tables 37 and 38.

The GWP of compositions each comprising a mixture of R410A(R32=50%/R125=50%) was evaluated based on the values stated in theIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), fourth report. The GWPof HFO-1132(E), which was not stated therein, was assumed to be 1 fromHFO-1132a (GWP=1 or less) and HFO-1123 (GWP=0.3, described in PatentLiterature 1). The refrigerating capacity of compositions eachcomprising R410A and a mixture of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 wasdetermined by performing theoretical refrigeration cycle calculationsfor the mixed refrigerants using the National Institute of Science andTechnology (NIST) and Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and TransportProperties Database (Refprop 9.0) under the following conditions.

Evaporating temperature: 5° C.Condensation temperature: 45° C.Superheating temperature: 5 KSubcooling temperature: 5 KCompressor efficiency: 70%

The composition of each mixture was defined as WCF. A leak simulationwas performed using NIST Standard Reference Data Base Refleak Version4.0 under the conditions of Equipment, Storage, Shipping, Leak, andRecharge according to the ASHRAE Standard 34-2013. The most flammablefraction was defined as WCFF.

Tables 1 and 2 show GWP, COP, and refrigerating capacity, which werecalculated based on these results. The COP and refrigerating capacityare ratios relative to R410A.

The coefficient of performance (COP) was determined by the followingformula.

COP=(refrigerating capacity or heating capacity)/power consumption

For the flammability, the burning velocity was measured according to theANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2013. Both WCF and WCFF having a burningvelocity of 10 cm/s or less were determined to be “Class 2L (lowerflammability).”

A burning velocity test was performed using the apparatus shown in FIG.1 in the following manner. First, the mixed refrigerants used had apurity of 99.5% or more, and were degassed by repeating a cycle offreezing, pumping, and thawing until no traces of air were observed onthe vacuum gauge. The burning velocity was measured by the closedmethod. The initial temperature was ambient temperature. Ignition wasperformed by generating an electric spark between the electrodes in thecenter of a sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0 to 9.9ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 to 1.0 J. The spreadof the flame was visualized using schlieren photographs. A cylindricalcontainer (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with twolight transmission acrylic windows was used as the sample cell, and axenon lamp was used as the light source. Schlieren images of the flamewere recorded by a high-speed digital video camera at a frame rate of600 fps and stored on a PC.

TABLE 37 Comparative Comparative Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Exam-Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Comparative Item Unit R410A HFO-1132E Example 3ple 1 ple 2 ple 3 ple 4 ple 5 Example 4 HFO-1132E mass % — 100 80 72 7068 65 62 60 (WCF) HFO-1123 mass % 0 20 28 30 32 35 38 40 (WCF) GWP —2088 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % (relative 100 99.7 97.5 96.6 96.3 96.195.8 95.4 95.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 100 98.3 101.9 103.1103.4 103.8 104.1 104.5 104.8 capacity ratio to R410A) Discharge Mpa2.73 2.71 2.89 2.96 2.98 3.00 3.02 3.04 3.06 pressure Burning cm/secNon- 20 13 10 9 9 8 8 or 8 or velocity flammable less less (WCF)

TABLE 38 Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 5 Example 6 Example 7Example 8 Example 9 HFO-1132E mass % 50 48 47.1 46.1 45.1 (WCF) HFO-1123mass % 50 52 52.9 53.9 54.9 (WCF) GWP — 1 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % (relative94.1 93.9 93.8 93.7 93.6 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 105.9 106.1106.2 106.3 106.4 capacity ratio to R410A) Discharge Mpa 3.14 3.16 3.163.17 3.18 pressure Leakage test Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/Storage/ conditions (WCFF) Shipping −40° Shipping −40° Shipping −40°Shipping −40° Shipping −40° C., 92% C., 92% C., 92% C., 92% C., 92%release, release, release, release, release, liquid liquid liquid liquidliquid phase side phase side phase side phase side phase side HFO-1132Emass % 74 73 72 71 70 (WCFF) HFO-1123 mass % 26 27 28 29 30 (WCFF)Burning cm/sec 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or lessvelocity (WCF) Burning cm/sec 11 10.5 10.0 9.5 9.5 velocity (WCFF)ASHRAE flammability 2 2 2L 2L 2L classification Comparative ComparativeComparative Comparative Example 10 Item Unit Example 7 Example 8 Example9 HFO-1123 HFO-1132E mass % 43 40 25 0 (WCF) HFO-1123 mass % 57 60 75100 (WCF) GWP — 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % (relative 93.4 93.1 91.9 90.6 toR410A) Refrigerating % (relative 106.6 106.9 107.9 108.0 capacity ratioto R410A) Discharge Mpa 3.20 3.21 3.31 3.39 pressure Leakage testStorage/ Storage/ Storage/ — conditions (WCFF) Shipping −40° Shipping−40° Shipping −40° C., 92% C., 92% C., 90% release, release, release,liquid liquid liquid phase side phase side phase side HFO-1132E mass %67 63 38 — (WCFF) HFO-1123 mass % 33 37 62 (WCFF) Burning cm/sec 8 orless 8 or less 8 or less 5 velocity (WCF) Burning cm/sec 8.5 8 or less 8or less velocity (WCFF) ASHRAE flammability 2L 2L 2L 2L classification

The compositions each comprising 62.0 mass % to 72.0 mass % ofHFO-1132(E) based on the entire composition are stable while having alow GWP (GWP=1), and they ensure WCF lower flammability. Further,surprisingly, they can ensure performance equivalent to that of R410A.Moreover, compositions each comprising 45.1 mass % to 47.1 mass % ofHFO-1132(E) based on the entire composition are stable while having alow GWP (GWP=1), and they ensure WCFF lower flammability. Further,surprisingly, they can ensure performance equivalent to that of R410A.

(5-3) Refrigerant C

The refrigerant C according to the present disclosure is a compositioncomprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene(HFO-1123), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), and difluoromethane(R32), and satisfies the following requirements. The refrigerant Caccording to the present disclosure has various properties that aredesirable as an alternative refrigerant for R410A; i.e. it has acoefficient of performance and a refrigerating capacity that areequivalent to those of R410A, and a sufficiently low GWP.

Requirements

Preferable refrigerant C is as follows:

When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based ontheir sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a, if 0<a≤11.1,coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass % are within therange of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA, AB, BD′, D′C, andCG that connect the following 6 points:

point G (0.026a²−1.7478a+72.0, −0.026a²+0.7478a+28.0, 0.0),point I (0.026a²−1.7478a+72.0, 0.0, −0.026a²+0.7478a+28.0),point A (0.0134a²−1.9681a+68.6, 0.0, −0.0134a²+0.9681a+31.4),point B (0.0, 0.0144a²−1.6377a+58.7, −0.0144a²+0.6377a+41.3),point D′ (0.0, 0.0224a²+0.968a+75.4, −0.0224a²−1.968a+24.6), andpoint C (−0.2304a²−0.4062a+32.9, 0.2304a²−0.5938a+67.1, 0.0),or on the straight lines GI, AB, and D′C (excluding point G, point I,point A, point B, point D′, and point C);

if 11.1<a≤18.2, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA,AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5 points:

point G (0.02a²−1.6013a+71.105, −0.02a²+0.6013a+28.895, 0.0),point I (0.02a²−1.6013a+71.105, 0.0, −0.02a²+0.6013a+28.895),point A (0.0112a²−1.9337a+68.484, 0.0, −0.0112a²+0.9337a+31.516),point B (0.0, 0.0075a²−1.5156a+58.199, −0.0075a²+0.5156a+41.801) andpoint W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I, point A,point B, and point W);

if 18.2<a≤26.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA,AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5 points:

point G (0.0135a²−1.4068a+69.727, −0.0135a²+0.4068a+30.273, 0.0),point I (0.0135a²−1.4068a+69.727, 0.0, −0.0135a²+0.4068a+30.273),point A (0.0107a²−1.9142a+68.305, 0.0, −0.0107a²+0.9142a+31.695),point B (0.0, 0.009a²−1.6045a+59.318, −0.009a²+0.6045a+40.682) andpoint W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I, point A,point B, and point W);

if 26.7<a≤36.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA,AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5 points:

point G (0.0111a²−1.3152a+68.986, −0.0111a²+0.3152a+31.014, 0.0),point I (0.0111a²−1.3152a+68.986, 0.0, −0.0111a²+0.3152a+31.014),point A (0.0103a²−1.9225a+68.793, 0.0, −0.0103a²+0.9225a+31.207),point B (0.0, 0.0046a²−1.41a+57.286, −0.0046a²+0.41a+42.714) andpoint W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I, point A,point B, and point W); and

if 36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA,AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5 points:

point G (0.0061a²−0.9918a+63.902, −0.0061a²−0.0082a+36.098, 0.0),point I (0.0061a²−0.9918a+63.902, 0.0, −0.0061a²−0.0082a+36.098),point A (0.0085a²−1.8102a+67.1, 0.0, −0.0085a²+0.8102a+32.9),point B (0.0, 0.0012a²−1.1659a+52.95, −0.0012a²+0.1659a+47.05) andpoint W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I, point A,point B, and point W). When the refrigerant according to the presentdisclosure satisfies the above requirements, it has a refrigeratingcapacity ratio of 85% or more relative to that of R410A, and a COP ratioof 92.5% or more relative to that of R410A, and further ensures a WCFlower flammability.

The refrigerant C according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sumis respectively represented by x, y, and z,

if 0<a≤11.1, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram inwhich the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass %are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′B,BD′, D′C, and CJ that connect the following 5 points:

point J (0.0049a²−0.9645a+47.1, −0.0049a²−0.0355a+52.9, 0.0),point K′ (0.0514a²−2.4353a+61.7, −0.0323a²+0.4122a+5.9,−0.0191a²+1.0231a+32.4),point B (0.0, 0.0144a²−1.6377a+58.7, −0.0144a²+0.6377a+41.3),point D′ (0.0, 0.0224a²+0.968a+75.4, −0.0224a²−1.968a+24.6), andpoint C (−0.2304a²−0.4062a+32.9, 0.2304a²−0.5938a+67.1, 0.0),or on the straight lines JK′, K′B, and D′C (excluding point J, point B,point D′, and point C);

if 11.1<a≤18.2, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′B,BW, and WJ that connect the following 4 points:

point J (0.0243a²−1.4161a+49.725, −0.0243a²+0.4161a+50.275, 0.0),point K′ (0.0341a²−2.1977a+61.187,−0.0236a²+0.34a+5.636,−0.0105a²+0.8577a+33.177),point B (0.0, 0.0075a²−1.5156a+58.199, −0.0075a²+0.5156a+41.801) andpoint W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),or on the straight lines JK′ and K′B (excluding point J, point B, andpoint W);

if 18.2<a≤26.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′B,BW, and WJ that connect the following 4 points:

point J (0.0246a²−1.4476a+50.184, −0.0246a²+0.4476a+49.816, 0.0),point K′ (0.0196a²−1.7863a+58.515, −0.0079a²−0.1136a+8.702,−0.0117a²+0.8999a+32.783),point B (0.0, 0.009a²−1.6045a+59.318, −0.009a²+0.6045a+40.682) andpoint W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),or on the straight lines JK′ and K′B (excluding point J, point B, andpoint W);

if 26.7<a≤36.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′A,AB, BW, and WJ that connect the following 5 points:

point J (0.0183a²−1.1399a+46.493, −0.0183a²+0.1399a+53.507, 0.0),point K′ (−0.0051a²+0.0929a+25.95, 0.0, 0.0051a²−1.0929a+74.05),point A (0.0103a²−1.9225a+68.793, 0.0, −0.0103a²+0.9225a+31.207),point B (0.0, 0.0046a²−1.41a+57.286, −0.0046a²+0.41a+42.714) andpoint W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),or on the straight lines JK′, K′A, and AB (excluding point J, point B,and point W); and

if 36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′A,AB, BW, and WJ that connect the following 5 points:

point J (−0.0134a²+1.0956a+7.13, 0.0134a²−2.0956a+92.87, 0.0),point K′ (−1.892a+29.443, 0.0, 0.892a+70.557),point A (0.0085a²−1.8102a+67.1, 0.0, −0.0085a²+0.8102a+32.9),point B (0.0, 0.0012a²−1.1659a+52.95, −0.0012a²+0.1659a+47.05) andpoint W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),or on the straight lines JK′, K′A, and AB (excluding point J, point B,and point W). When the refrigerant according to the present disclosuresatisfies the above requirements, it has a refrigerating capacity ratioof 85% or more relative to that of R410A, and a COP ratio of 92.5% ormore relative to that of R410A. Additionally, the refrigerant has a WCFlower flammability and a WCFF lower flammability, and is classified as“Class 2L,” which is a lower flammable refrigerant according to theASHRAE standard.

When the refrigerant C according to the present disclosure furthercontains R32 in addition to HFO-1132 (E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf, therefrigerant may be a refrigerant wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E),HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based on their sum is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, z, and a,

if 0<a≤10.0, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram inwhich the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass %are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines thatconnect the following 4 points:

point a (0.02a²−2.46a+93.4, 0, −0.02a²+2.46a+6.6),point b′ (−0.008a²−1.38a+56, 0.018a²−0.53a+26.3, −0.01a²+1.91a+17.7),point c (−0.016a²+1.02a+77.6, 0.016a²−1.02a+22.4, 0), andpoint o (100.0−a, 0.0, 0.0)or on the straight lines oa, ab′, and b′c (excluding point o and pointc);

if 10.0<a≤16.5, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines thatconnect the following 4 points:

point a (0.0244a²−2.5695a+94.056, 0, −0.0244a²+2.5695a+5.944),point b′ (0.1161a²−1.9959a+59.749, 0.014a²−0.3399a+24.8,−0.1301a²+2.3358a+15.451),point c (−0.0161a²+1.02a+77.6, 0.0161a²−1.02a+22.4, 0), andpoint o (100.0−a, 0.0, 0.0),or on the straight lines oa, ab′, and b′c (excluding point o and pointc); or

if 16.5<a≤21.8, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines thatconnect the following 4 points:

point a (0.0161a²−2.3535a+92.742, 0, −0.0161a²+2.3535a+7.258),point b′ (−0.0435a²−0.0435a+50.406, 0.0304a²+1.8991a−0.0661,0.0739a²−1.8556a+49.6601),point c (−0.0161a²+0.9959a+77.851, 0.0161a²−0.9959a+22.149, 0), andpoint o (100.0−a, 0.0, 0.0),or on the straight lines oa, ab′, and b′c (excluding point o and pointc). Note that when point b in the ternary composition diagram is definedas a point where a refrigerating capacity ratio of 95% relative to thatof R410A and a COP ratio of 95% relative to that of R410A are bothachieved, point b′ is the intersection of straight line ab and anapproximate line formed by connecting the points where the COP ratiorelative to that of R410A is 95%. When the refrigerant according to thepresent disclosure meets the above requirements, the refrigerant has arefrigerating capacity ratio of 95% or more relative to that of R410A,and a COP ratio of 95% or more relative to that of R410A.

The refrigerant C according to the present disclosure may furthercomprise other additional refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E),HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 as long as the above properties and effectsare not impaired. In this respect, the refrigerant according to thepresent disclosure preferably comprises HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf,and R32 in a total amount of 99.5 mass % or more, more preferably 99.75mass % or more, and still more preferably 99.9 mass % or more, based onthe entire refrigerant.

The refrigerant C according to the present disclosure may compriseHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 in a total amount of 99.5 mass %or more, 99.75 mass % or more, or 99.9 mass % or more, based on theentire refrigerant.

Additional refrigerants are not particularly limited and can be widelyselected. The mixed refrigerant may contain one additional refrigerant,or two or more additional refrigerants.

(Examples of Refrigerant C)

The present disclosure is described in more detail below with referenceto Examples of refrigerant C. However, the refrigerant C is not limitedto the Examples.

Mixed refrigerants were prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,R1234yf, and R32 at mass % based on their sum shown in Tables 39 to 96.

The GWP of compositions each comprising a mixture of R410A(R32=50%/R125=50%) was evaluated based on the values stated in theIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), fourth report. The GWPof HFO-1132(E), which was not stated therein, was assumed to be 1 fromHFO-1132a (GWP=1 or less) and HFO-1123 (GWP=0.3, described in PatentLiterature 1). The refrigerating capacity of compositions eachcomprising R410A and a mixture of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 wasdetermined by performing theoretical refrigeration cycle calculationsfor the mixed refrigerants using the National Institute of Science andTechnology (NIST) and Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and TransportProperties Database (Refprop 9.0) under the following conditions.

For each of these mixed refrigerants, the COP ratio and therefrigerating capacity ratio relative to those of R410 were obtained.Calculation was conducted under the following conditions.

Evaporating temperature: 5° C.

Condensation temperature: 45° C.

Superheating temperature: 5 K

Subcooling temperature: 5 K

Compressor efficiency: 70%

Tables 39 to 96 show the resulting values together with the GWP of eachmixed refrigerant. The COP and refrigerating capacity are ratiosrelative to R410A.

The coefficient of performance (COP) was determined by the followingformula.

COP=(refrigerating capacity or heating capacity)/power consumption

TABLE 39 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Ex. 2 Ex. 3 Ex.4 Ex. 5 Ex. 6 Ex. 7 Ex. 8 Ex. 1 Item Unit Ex. 1 A B C D′ G I J K′HFO-1132(E) Mass % R410A 68.6 0.0 32.9 0.0 72.0 72.0 47.1 61.7 HFO-1123Mass % 0.0 58.7 67.1 75.4 28.0 0.0 52.9 5.9 R1234yf Mass % 31.4 41.3 0.024.6 0.0 28.0 0.0 32.4 R32 Mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GWP —2088 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 COP ratio % (relative 100 100.0 95.5 92.5 93.1 96.699.9 93.8 99.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 100 85.0 85.0 107.495.0 103.1 86.6 106.2 85.5 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 40 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Ex. 9 Ex. 10 Ex. 11Ex. 12 Ex. 13 Ex. 14 Ex. 15 Ex. 2 Item Unit A B C D′ G I J K′HFO-1132(E) Mass % 55.3 0.0 18.4 0.0 60.9 60.9 40.5 47.0 HFO-1123 Mass %0.0 47.8 74.5 83.4 32.0 0.0 52.4 7.2 R1234yf Mass % 37.6 45.1 0.0 9.50.0 32.0 0.0 38.7 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 50 5049 49 49 50 49 50 COP ratio % (relative 99.8 96.9 92.5 92.5 95.9 99.694.0 99.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 85.0 85.0 110.5 106.0106.5 87.7 108.9 85.5 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 41 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Ex. 16 Ex. 17 Ex. 18 Ex. 19Ex. 20 Ex. 21 Ex. 3 Item Unit A B C = D′ G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass %48.4 0.0 0.0 55.8 55.8 37.0 41.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 42.3 88.9 33.1 0.051.9 6.5 R1234yf Mass % 40.5 46.6 0.0 0.0 33.1 0.0 41.4 R32 Mass % 11.111.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 GWP — 77 77 76 76 77 76 77 COP ratio %(relative 99.8 97.6 92.5 95.8 99.5 94.2 99.3 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 85.0 85.0 112.0 108.0 88.6 110.2 85.4 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 42 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Ex. 22 Ex. 23 Ex. 24 Ex. 25 Ex.26 Ex. 4 Item Unit A B G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 42.8 0.0 52.1 52.134.3 36.5 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 37.8 33.4 0.0 51.2 5.6 R1234yf Mass % 42.747.7 0.0 33.4 0.0 43.4 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP —100 100 99 100 99 100 COP ratio % (relative 99.9 98.1 95.8 99.5 94.499.5 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 85.0 85.0 109.1 89.6 111.1 85.3capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 43 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Ex. 27 Ex. 28 Ex. 29 Ex. 30 Ex.31 Ex. 5 Item Unit A B G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 37.0 0.0 48.6 48.632.0 32.5 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 33.1 33.2 0.0 49.8 4.0 R1234yf Mass % 44.848.7 0.0 33.2 0.0 45.3 R32 Mass % 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 GWP —125 125 124 125 124 125 COP ratio % (relative 100.0 98.6 95.9 99.4 94.799.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 85.0 85.0 110.1 90.8 111.9 85.2capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 44 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Ex. 32 Ex. 33 Ex. 34 Ex. 35 Ex.36 Ex. 6 Item Unit A B G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 31.5 0.0 45.4 45.430.3 28.8 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 28.5 32.7 0.0 47.8 2.4 R1234yf Mass % 46.649.6 0.0 32.7 0.0 46.9 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP —150 150 149 150 149 150 COP ratio % (relative 100.2 99.1 96.0 99.4 95.1100.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 85.0 85.0 111.0 92.1 112.685.1 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 45 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Ex. 37 Ex. 38 Ex. 39 Ex. 40Ex. 41 Ex. 42 Item Unit A B G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 24.8 0.0 41.841.8 29.1 24.8 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 22.9 31.5 0.0 44.2 0.0 R1234yf Mass %48.5 50.4 0.0 31.5 0.0 48.5 R32 Mass % 26.7 26.7 26.7 26.7 26.7 26.7 GWP— 182 182 181 182 181 182 COP ratio % (relative 100.4 99.8 96.3 99.495.6 100.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 85.0 85.0 111.9 93.8113.2 85.0 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 46 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Ex. 43 Ex. 44 Ex. 45 Ex. 46Ex. 47 Ex. 48 Item Unit A B G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 21.3 0.0 40.040.0 28.8 24.3 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 19.9 30.7 0.0 41.9 0.0 R1234yf Mass %49.4 50.8 0.0 30.7 0.0 46.4 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP— 200 200 198 199 198 200 COP ratio % (relative 100.6 100.1 96.6 99.596.1 100.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 85.0 85.0 112.4 94.8113.6 86.7 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 47 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Ex. 49 Ex. 50 Ex. 51 Ex. 52Ex. 53 Ex. 54 Item Unit A B G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 12.1 0.0 35.735.7 29.3 22.5 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 11.7 27.6 0.0 34.0 0.0 R1234yf Mass %51.2 51.6 0.0 27.6 0.0 40.8 R32 Mass % 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 GWP— 250 250 248 249 248 250 COP ratio % (relative 101.2 101.0 96.4 99.697.0 100.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 85.0 85.0 113.2 97.6113.9 90.9 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 48 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Ex. 55 Ex. 56 Ex. 57 Ex. 58Ex. 59 Ex. 60 Item Unit A B G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 3.8 0.0 32.032.0 29.4 21.1 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 3.9 23.9 0.0 26.5 0.0 R1234yf Mass %52.1 52.0 0.0 23.9 0.0 34.8 R32 Mass % 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 GWP— 300 300 298 299 298 299 COP ratio % (relative 101.8 101.8 97.9 99.897.8 100.5 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 85.0 85.0 113.7 100.4113.9 94.9 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 49 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Ex. 61 Ex. 62 Ex. 63 Ex. 64 Ex.65 Item Unit A = B G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 0.0 30.4 30.4 28.9 20.4HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 21.8 0.0 23.3 0.0 R1234yf Mass % 52.2 0.0 21.8 0.031.8 R32 Mass % 47.8 47.8 47.8 47.8 47.8 GWP — 325 323 324 323 324 COPratio % (relative 102.1 98.2 100.0 98.2 100.6 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 85.0 113.8 101.8 113.9 96.8 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 50 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 66 Ex. 7 Ex. 8 Ex. 9 Ex. 10 Ex. 11 Ex. 12Ex. 13 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0HFO-1123 Mass % 82.9 77.9 72.9 67.9 62.9 57.9 52.9 47.9 R1234yf Mass %5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.17.1 GWP — 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 COP ratio % (relative 92.4 92.6 92.893.1 93.4 93.7 94.1 94.5 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 108.4 108.3108.2 107.9 107.6 107.2 106.8 106.3 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 51 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 14 Ex. 15 Ex. 16 Ex. 17 Ex. 67 Ex. 18 Ex.19 Ex. 20 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 65.0 10.0 15.0 20.0HFO-1123 Mass % 42.9 37.9 32.9 27.9 22.9 72.9 67.9 62.9 R1234yf Mass %5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.17.1 7.1 GWP — 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 COP ratio % (relative 95.0 95.495.9 96.4 96.9 93.0 93.3 93.6 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 105.8105.2 104.5 103.9 103.1 105.7 105.5 105.2 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 52 Item Unit Ex. 21 Ex. 22 Ex. 23 Ex. 24 Ex. 25 Ex. 26 Ex. 27 Ex.28 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 HFO-1123Mass % 57.9 52.9 47.9 42.9 37.9 32.9 27.9 22.9 R1234yf Mass % 10.0 10.010.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1GWP — 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 COP ratio % (relative 93.9 94.2 94.6 95.095.5 96.0 96.4 96.9 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 104.9 104.5104.1 103.6 103.0 102.4 101.7 101.0 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 53 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 68 Ex. 29 Ex. 30 Ex. 31 Ex. 32 Ex. 33 Ex.34 Ex. 35 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 65.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0HFO-1123 Mass % 17.9 67.9 62.9 57.9 52.9 47.9 42.9 37.9 R1234yf Mass %10.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.17.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 COP ratio % (relative 97.493.5 93.8 94.1 94.4 94.8 95.2 95.6 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative100.3 102.9 102.7 102.5 102.1 101.7 101.2 100.7 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 54 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 36 Ex. 37 Ex. 38 Ex. 39 Ex. 69 Ex. 40 Ex.41 Ex. 42 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 65.0 10.0 15.0 20.0HFO-1123 Mass % 32.9 27.9 22.9 17.9 12.9 62.9 57.9 52.9 R1234yf Mass %15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.17.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 COP ratio % (relative 96.096.5 97.0 97.5 98.0 94.0 94.3 94.6 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative100.1 99.5 98.9 98.1 97.4 100.1 99.9 99.6 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 55 Item Unit Ex. 43 Ex. 44 Ex. 45 Ex. 46 Ex. 47 Ex. 48 Ex. 49 Ex.50 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 HFO-1123Mass % 47.9 42.9 37.9 32.9 27.9 22.9 17.9 12.9 R1234yf Mass % 20.0 20.020.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1GWP — 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 COP ratio % (relative 95.0 95.3 95.7 96.296.6 97.1 97.6 98.1 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 99.2 98.8 98.397.8 97.2 96.6 95.9 95.2 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 56 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 70 Ex. 51 Ex. 52 Ex. 53 Ex. 54 Ex. 55 Ex.56 Ex. 57 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 65.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0HFO-1123 Mass % 7.9 57.9 52.9 47.9 42.9 37.9 32.9 27.9 R1234yf Mass %20.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.17.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 49 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 COP ratio % (relative 98.694.6 94.9 95.2 95.5 95.9 96.3 96.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative94.4 97.1 96.9 96.7 96.3 95.9 95.4 94.8 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 57 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 58 Ex. 59 Ex. 60 Ex. 61 Ex. 71 Ex. 62 Ex.63 Ex. 64 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 65.0 10.0 15.0 20.0HFO-1123 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 R1234yf Mass % 25.0 25.025.0 25.0 25.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1GWP — 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 COP ratio % (relative 97.2 97.7 98.2 98.799.2 95.2 95.5 95.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 94.2 93.6 92.992.2 91.4 94.2 93.9 93.7 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 58 Item Unit Ex. 65 Ex. 66 Ex. 67 Ex. 68 Ex. 69 Ex. 70 Ex. 71 Ex.72 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 HFO-1123Mass % 37.9 32.9 27.9 22.9 17.9 12.9 7.9 2.9 R1234yf Mass % 30.0 30.030.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1GWP — 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 COP ratio % (relative 96.2 96.6 97.0 97.497.9 98.3 98.8 99.3 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 93.3 92.9 92.491.8 91.2 90.5 89.8 89.1 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 59 Item Unit Ex. 73 Ex. 74 Ex. 75 Ex. 76 Ex. 77 Ex. 78 Ex. 79 Ex.80 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 HFO-1123Mass % 47.9 42.9 37.9 32.9 27.9 22.9 17.9 12.9 R1234yf Mass % 35.0 35.035.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1GWP — 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 COP ratio % (relative 95.9 96.2 96.5 96.997.2 97.7 98.1 98.5 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 91.1 90.9 90.690.2 89.8 89.3 88.7 88.1 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 60 Item Unit Ex. 81 Ex. 82 Ex. 83 Ex. 84 Ex. 85 Ex. 86 Ex. 87 Ex.88 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 50.0 55.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 HFO-1123Mass % 7.9 2.9 42.9 37.9 32.9 27.9 22.9 17.9 R1234yf Mass % 35.0 35.040.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1GWP — 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 COP ratio % (relative 99.0 99.4 96.6 96.997.2 97.6 98.0 98.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 87.4 86.7 88.087.8 87.5 87.1 86.6 86.1 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 61 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Unit Ex.72 Ex. 73 Ex. 74 Ex. 75 Ex. 76 Ex. 77 Ex. 78 Ex. 79 HFO-1132(E) Mass %40.0 45.0 50.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 12.9 7.9 2.937.9 32.9 27.9 22.9 17.9 R1234yf Mass % 40.0 40.0 40.0 45.0 45.0 45.045.0 45.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 50 50 50 5050 50 50 50 COP ratio % (relative 98.8 99.2 99.6 97.4 97.7 98.0 98.398.7 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 85.5 84.9 84.2 84.9 84.6 84.383.9 83.5 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 62 Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Unit Ex. 80 Ex. 81 Ex. 82 HFO-1132(E)Mass % 35.0 40.0 45.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 12.9 7.9 2.9 R1234yf Mass % 45.045.0 45.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 50 50 50 COP ratio % (relative99.1 99.5 99.9 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 82.9 82.3 81.7capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 63 Item Unit Ex. 89 Ex. 90 Ex. 91 Ex. 92 Ex. 93 Ex. 94 Ex. 95 Ex.96 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 HFO-1123Mass % 70.5 65.5 60.5 55.5 50.5 45.5 40.5 35.5 R1234yf Mass % 5.0 5.05.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.514.5 GWP — 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 COP ratio % (relative 93.7 93.9 94.194.4 94.7 95.0 95.4 95.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 110.2 110.0109.7 109.3 108.9 108.4 107.9 107.3 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 64 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 97 Ex. 83 Ex. 98 Ex. 99 Ex. 100 Ex. 101 Ex.102 Ex. 103 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 50.0 55.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0HFO-1123 Mass % 30.5 25.5 65.5 60.5 55.5 50.5 45.5 40.5 R1234yf Mass %5.0 5.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.514.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 COP ratio % (relative96.2 96.6 94.2 94.4 94.6 94.9 95.2 95.5 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 106.6 106.0 107.5 107.3 107.0 106.6 106.1 105.6 capacity ratioto R410A)

TABLE 65 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 104 Ex. 105 Ex. 106 Ex. 84 Ex. 107 Ex. 108Ex. 109 Ex. 110 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 10.0 15.0 20.025.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 35.5 30.5 25.5 20.5 60.5 55.5 50.5 45.5 R1234yfMass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.514.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 COP ratio %(relative 95.9 96.3 96.7 97.1 94.6 94.8 95.1 95.4 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 105.1 104.5 103.8 103.1 104.7 104.5 104.1103.7 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 66 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 111 Ex. 112 Ex. 113 Ex. 114 Ex. 115 Ex. 85Ex. 116 Ex. 117 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 10.015.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 40.5 35.5 30.5 25.5 20.5 15.5 55.5 50.5 R1234yfMass % 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 20.0 20.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.514.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 COP ratio %(relative 95.7 96.0 96.4 96.8 97.2 97.6 95.1 95.3 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 103.3 102.8 102.2 101.6 101.0 100.3 101.8101.6 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 67 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 118 Ex. 119 Ex. 120 Ex. 121 Ex. 122 Ex. 123Ex. 124 Ex. 86 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.055.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 45.5 40.5 35.5 30.5 25.5 20.5 15.5 10.5 R1234yfMass % 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.514.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 COP ratio %(relative 95.6 95.9 96.2 96.5 96.9 97.3 97.7 98.2 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 101.2 100.8 100.4 99.9 99.3 98.7 98.0 97.3capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 68 Item Unit Ex. 125 Ex. 126 Ex. 127 Ex. 128 Ex. 129 Ex. 130 Ex.131 Ex. 132 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0HFO-1123 Mass % 50.5 45.5 40.5 35.5 30.5 25.5 20.5 15.5 R1234yf Mass %25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.514.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 COP ratio % (relative95.6 95.9 96.1 96.4 96.7 97.1 97.5 97.9 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 98.9 98.6 98.3 97.9 97.4 96.9 96.3 95.7 capacity ratio toR410A)

TABLE 69 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 133 Ex. 87 Ex. 134 Ex. 135 Ex. 136 Ex. 137Ex. 138 Ex. 139 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 50.0 55.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.035.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 10.5 5.5 45.5 40.5 35.5 30.5 25.5 20.5 R1234yf Mass% 25.0 25.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.514.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 99 99 100 100 100 100 100 100 COP ratio %(relative 98.3 98.7 96.2 96.4 96.7 97.0 97.3 97.7 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 95.0 94.3 95.8 95.6 95.2 94.8 94.4 93.8capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 70 Item Unit Ex. 140 Ex. 141 Ex. 142 Ex. 143 Ex. 144 Ex. 145 Ex.146 Ex. 147 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 40.0 45.0 50.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0HFO-1123 Mass % 15.5 10.5 5.5 40.5 35.5 30.5 25.5 20.5 R1234yf Mass %30.0 30.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.514.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 COP ratio %(relative 98.1 98.5 98.9 96.8 97.0 97.3 97.6 97.9 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 93.3 92.6 92.0 92.8 92.5 92.2 91.8 91.3capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 71 Item Unit Ex. 148 Ex. 149 Ex. 150 Ex. 151 Ex. 152 Ex. 153 Ex.154 Ex. 155 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 35.0 40.0 45.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0HFO-1123 Mass % 15.5 10.5 5.5 35.5 30.5 25.5 20.5 15.5 R1234yf Mass %35.0 35.0 35.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.514.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 COP ratio %(relative 98.3 98.7 99.1 97.4 97.7 98.0 98.3 98.6 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 90.8 90.2 89.6 89.6 89.4 89.0 88.6 88.2capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 72 Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Unit Ex. 156 Ex. 157 Ex. 158 Ex. 159 Ex.160 Ex. 88 Ex. 89 Ex. 90 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 35.0 40.0 10.0 15.0 20.025.0 30.0 35.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 10.5 5.5 30.5 25.5 20.5 15.5 10.5 5.5R1234yf Mass % 40.0 40.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 R32 Mass % 14.514.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100COP ratio % (relative 98.9 99.3 98.1 98.4 98.7 98.9 99.3 99.6 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 87.6 87.1 86.5 86.2 85.9 85.5 85.0 84.5capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 73 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Unit Ex. 91 Ex. 92 Ex. 93Ex. 94 Ex. 95 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 HFO-1123 Mass% 25.5 20.5 15.5 10.5 5.5 R1234yf Mass % 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 R32Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 100 100 100 100 100 COP ratio %(relative 98.9 99.1 99.4 99.7 100.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative83.3 83.0 82.7 82.2 81.8 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 74 Item Unit Ex. 161 Ex. 162 Ex. 163 Ex. 164 Ex. 165 Ex. 166 Ex.167 Ex. 168 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0HFO-1123 Mass % 63.1 58.1 53.1 48.1 43.1 38.1 33.1 28.1 R1234yf Mass %5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.921.9 21.9 GWP — 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 COP ratio % (relative94.8 95.0 95.2 95.4 95.7 95.9 96.2 96.6 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 111.5 111.2 110.9 110.5 110.0 109.5 108.9 108.3 capacity ratioto R410A)

TABLE 75 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 96 Ex. 169 Ex. 170 Ex. 171 Ex. 172 Ex. 173Ex. 174 Ex. 175 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 50.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.040.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 23.1 58.1 53.1 48.1 43.1 38.1 33.1 28.1 R1234yfMass % 5.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.921.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 COP ratio% (relative 96.9 95.3 95.4 95.6 95.8 96.1 96.4 96.7 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 107.7 108.7 108.5 108.1 107.7 107.2 106.7106.1 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 76 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 176 Ex. 97 Ex. 177 Ex. 178 Ex. 179 Ex. 180Ex. 181 Ex. 182 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 45.0 50.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.035.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 23.1 18.1 53.1 48.1 43.1 38.1 33.1 28.1 R1234yfMass % 10.0 10.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.921.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 COP ratio% (relative 97.0 97.4 95.7 95.9 96.1 96.3 96.6 96.9 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 105.5 104.9 105.9 105.6 105.3 104.8 104.4103.8 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 77 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 183 Ex. 184 Ex. 98 Ex. 185 Ex. 186 Ex. 187Ex. 188 Ex. 189 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 40.0 45.0 50.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.030.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 23.1 18.1 13.1 48.1 43.1 38.1 33.1 28.1 R1234yfMass % 15.0 15.0 15.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.921.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 COP ratio% (relative 97.2 97.5 97.9 96.1 96.3 96.5 96.8 97.1 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 103.3 102.6 102.0 103.0 102.7 102.3 101.9101.4 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 78 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 190 Ex. 191 Ex. 192 Ex. 99 Ex. 193 Ex. 194Ex. 195 Ex. 196 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 10.0 15.0 20.025.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 23.1 18.1 13.1 8.1 43.1 38.1 33.1 28.1 R1234yf Mass% 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.921.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 COP ratio %(relative 97.4 97.7 98.0 98.4 96.6 96.8 97.0 97.3 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 100.9 100.3 99.7 99.1 100.0 99.7 99.4 98.9capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 79 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 197 Ex. 198 Ex. 199 Ex. 200 Ex. 100 Ex. 201Ex. 202 Ex. 203 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 10.0 15.020.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 23.1 18.1 13.1 8.1 3.1 38.1 33.1 28.1 R1234yf Mass% 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.921.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 149 149 149 149 149 150 150 150 COP ratio %(relative 97.6 97.9 98.2 98.5 98.9 97.1 97.3 97.6 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 98.5 97.9 97.4 96.8 96.1 97.0 96.7 96.3capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 80 Item Unit Ex. 204 Ex. 205 Ex. 206 Ex. 207 Ex. 208 Ex. 209 Ex.210 Ex. 211 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 10.0 15.0 20.0HFO-1123 Mass % 23.1 18.1 13.1 8.1 3.1 33.1 28.1 23.1 R1234yf Mass %30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.921.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 COP ratio %(relative 97.8 98.1 98.4 98.7 99.1 97.7 97.9 98.1 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 95.9 95.4 94.9 94.4 93.8 93.9 93.6 93.3capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 81 Item Unit Ex. 212 Ex. 213 Ex. 214 Ex. 215 Ex. 216 Ex. 217 Ex.218 Ex. 219 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0HFO-1123 Mass % 18.1 13.1 8.1 3.1 28.1 23.1 18.1 13.1 R1234yf Mass %35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.921.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 COP ratio %(relative 98.4 98.7 99.0 99.3 98.3 98.5 98.7 99.0 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 92.9 92.4 91.9 91.3 90.8 90.5 90.2 89.7capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 82 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 220 Ex. 221 Ex. 222 Ex. 223 Ex. 224 Ex. 225Ex. 226 Ex. 101 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 30.0 35.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.010.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 8.1 3.1 23.1 18.1 13.1 8.1 3.1 18.1 R1234yf Mass %40.0 40.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 50.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.921.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 COP ratio %(relative 99.3 99.6 98.9 99.1 99.3 99.6 99.9 99.6 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 89.3 88.8 87.6 87.3 87.0 86.6 86.2 84.4capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 83 Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Unit Ex. 102 Ex. 103 Ex. 104 HFO-1132(E)Mass % 15.0 20.0 25.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 13.1 8.1 3.1 R1234yf Mass % 50.050.0 50.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 150 150 150 COP ratio %(relative 99.8 100.0 100.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 84.1 83.883.4 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 84 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 227 Ex. 228 Ex. 229 Ex. 230 Ex. 231 Ex. 232Ex. 233 Ex. 105 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.045.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 55.7 50.7 45.7 40.7 35.7 30.7 25.7 20.7 R1234yfMass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.329.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP — 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 COP ratio %(relative 95.9 96.0 96.2 96.3 96.6 96.8 97.1 97.3 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 112.2 111.9 111.6 111.2 110.7 110.2 109.6109.0 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 85 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 234 Ex. 235 Ex. 236 Ex. 237 Ex. 238 Ex. 239Ex. 240 Ex. 106 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.045.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 50.7 45.7 40.7 35.7 30.7 25.7 20.7 15.7 R1234yfMass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.329.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP — 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 COP ratio% (relative 96.3 96.4 96.6 96.8 97.0 97.2 97.5 97.8 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 109.4 109.2 108.8 108.4 107.9 107.4 106.8106.2 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 86 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 241 Ex. 242 Ex. 243 Ex. 244 Ex. 245 Ex. 246Ex. 247 Ex. 107 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.045.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 45.7 40.7 35.7 30.7 25.7 20.7 15.7 10.7 R1234yfMass % 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.329.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP — 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 COP ratio% (relative 96.7 96.8 97.0 97.2 97.4 97.7 97.9 98.2 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 106.6 106.3 106.0 105.5 105.1 104.5 104.0103.4 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 87 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 248 Ex. 249 Ex. 250 Ex. 251 Ex. 252 Ex. 253Ex. 254 Ex. 108 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.045.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 40.7 35.7 30.7 25.7 20.7 15.7 10.7 5.7 R1234yf Mass% 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.329.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP — 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 COP ratio %(relative 97.1 97.3 97.5 97.7 97.9 98.1 98.4 98.7 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 103.7 103.4 103.0 102.6 102.2 101.6 101.1100.5 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 88 Item Unit Ex. 255 Ex. 256 Ex. 257 Ex. 258 Ex. 259 Ex. 260 Ex.261 Ex. 262 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 10.0HFO-1123 Mass % 35.7 30.7 25.7 20.7 15.7 10.7 5.7 30.7 R1234yf Mass %25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 30.0 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.329.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP — 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 COP ratio %(relative 97.6 97.7 97.9 98.1 98.4 98.6 98.9 98.1 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 100.7 100.4 100.1 99.7 99.2 98.7 98.2 97.7capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 89 Item Unit Ex. 263 Ex. 264 Ex. 265 Ex. 266 Ex. 267 Ex. 268 Ex.269 Ex. 270 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 10.0 15.0 20.0HFO-1123 Mass % 25.7 20.7 15.7 10.7 5.7 25.7 20.7 15.7 R1234yf Mass %30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.329.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP — 199 199 199 199 199 200 200 200 COP ratio %(relative 98.2 98.4 98.6 98.9 99.1 98.6 98.7 98.9 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 97.4 97.1 96.7 96.2 95.7 94.7 94.4 94.0capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 90 Item Unit Ex. 271 Ex. 272 Ex. 273 Ex. 274 Ex. 275 Ex. 276 Ex.277 Ex. 278 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 25.0 30.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 10.0 15.0HFO-1123 Mass % 10.7 5.7 20.7 15.7 10.7 5.7 15.7 10.7 R1234yf Mass %35.0 35.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 45.0 45.0 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.329.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP — 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 COP ratio %(relative 99.2 99.4 99.1 99.3 99.5 99.7 99.7 99.8 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 93.6 93.2 91.5 91.3 90.9 90.6 88.4 88.1capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 91 Comp. Comp. Item Unit Ex. 279 Ex. 280 Ex. 109 Ex. 110HFO-1132(E) Mass % 20.0 10.0 15.0 10.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 5.7 10.7 5.7 5.7R1234yf Mass % 45.0 50.0 50.0 55.0 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP —200 200 200 200 COP ratio % (relative 100.0 100.3 100.4 100.9 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 87.8 85.2 85.0 82.0 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 92 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 281 Ex. 282 Ex. 283 Ex. 284 Ex. 285 Ex. 111Ex. 286 Ex. 287 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 10.015.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 40.9 35.9 30.9 25.9 20.9 15.9 35.9 30.9 R1234yfMass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 10.0 10.0 R32 Mass % 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.144.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 GWP — 298 298 298 298 298 298 299 299 COP ratio %(relative 97.8 97.9 97.9 98.1 98.2 98.4 98.2 98.2 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 112.5 112.3 111.9 111.6 111.2 110.7 109.8109.5 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 93 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 288 Ex. 289 Ex. 290 Ex. 112 Ex. 291 Ex. 292Ex. 293 Ex. 294 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 10.0 15.0 20.025.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 25.9 20.9 15.9 10.9 30.9 25.9 20.9 15.9 R1234yfMass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 R32 Mass % 44.1 44.1 44.144.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 GWP — 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 COP ratio% (relative 98.3 98.5 98.6 98.8 98.6 98.6 98.7 98.9 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 109.2 108.8 108.4 108.0 107.0 106.7 106.4106.0 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 94 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 295 Ex. 113 Ex. 296 Ex. 297 Ex. 298 Ex. 299Ex. 300 Ex. 301 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 30.0 35.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.010.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 10.9 5.9 25.9 20.9 15.9 10.9 5.9 20.9 R1234yf Mass% 15.0 15.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 25.0 R32 Mass % 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.144.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 GWP — 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 COP ratio %(relative 99.0 99.2 99.0 99.0 99.2 99.3 99.4 99.4 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 105.6 105.2 104.1 103.9 103.6 103.2 102.8101.2 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 95 Item Unit Ex. 302 Ex. 303 Ex. 304 Ex. 305 Ex. 306 Ex. 307 Ex.308 Ex. 309 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 15.0 20.0 25.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 10.0 15.0HFO-1123 Mass % 15.9 10.9 5.9 15.9 10.9 5.9 10.9 5.9 R1234yf Mass % 25.025.0 25.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 R32 Mass % 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.144.1 44.1 44.1 GWP — 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 COP ratio %(relative 99.5 99.6 99.7 99.8 99.9 100.0 100.3 100.4 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 101.0 100.7 100.3 98.3 98.0 97.8 95.3 95.1capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 96 Item Unit Ex. 400 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 5.9R1234yf Mass % 40.0 R32 Mass % 44.1 GWP — 299 COP ratio % (relative toR410A) 100.7 Refrigerating capacity ratio % (relative to R410A) 92.3

The above results indicate that the refrigerating capacity ratiorelative to R410A is 85% or more in the following cases:

When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based ontheir sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a, in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf is (100−a) mass %, a straight line connecting a point (0.0,100.0−a, 0.0) and a point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0−a) is the base, and the point(0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0) is on the left side, if 0<a≤11.1, coordinates(x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are on, or on the left sideof, a straight line AB that connects point A (0.0134a²−1.9681a+68.6,0.0, −0.0134a²+0.9681a+31.4) and point B (0.0, 0.0144a²−1.6377a+58.7,−0.0144a²+0.6377a+41.3);

if 11.1<a≤18.2, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare on, or on the left side of, a straight line AB that connects point A(0.0112a²−1.9337a+68.484, 0.0, −0.0112a²+0.9337a+31.516) and point B(0.0, 0.0075a²−1.5156a+58.199, −0.0075a²+0.5156a+41.801);

if 18.2a<a≤26.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare on, or on the left side of, a straight line AB that connects point A(0.0107a²−1.9142a+68.305, 0.0, −0.0107a²+0.9142a+31.695) and point B(0.0, 0.009a²−1.6045a+59.318, −0.009a²+0.6045a+40.682);

if 26.7<a≤36.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare on, or on the left side of, a straight line AB that connects point A(0.0103a²−1.9225a+68.793, 0.0, −0.0103a²+0.9225a+31.207) and point B(0.0, 0.0046a²−1.41a+57.286, −0.0046a²+0.41a+42.714); and

if 36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare on, or on the left side of, a straight line AB that connects point A(0.0085a²−1.8102a+67.1, 0.0, −0.0085a²+0.8102a+32.9) and point B (0.0,0.0012a²−1.1659a+52.95, −0.0012a²+0.1659a+47.05).

Actual points having a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or more forma curved line that connects point A and point B in FIG. 3, and thatextends toward the 1234yf side. Accordingly, when coordinates are on, oron the left side of, the straight line AB, the refrigerating capacityratio relative to R410A is 85% or more.

Similarly, it was also found that in the ternary composition diagram, if0<a≤11.1, when coordinates (x,y,z) are on, or on the left side of, astraight line D′C that connects point D′ (0.0, 0.0224a²+0.968a+75.4,−0.0224a²−1.968a+24.6) and point C (−0.2304a²−0.4062a+32.9,0.2304a²−0.5938a+67.1, 0.0); or if 11.1<a≤46.7, when coordinates are inthe entire region, the COP ratio relative to that of R410A is 92.5% ormore.

In FIG. 3, the COP ratio of 92.5% or more forms a curved line CD. InFIG. 3, an approximate line formed by connecting three points: point C(32.9, 67.1, 0.0) and points (26.6, 68.4, 5) (19.5, 70.5, 10) where theCOP ratio is 92.5% when the concentration of R1234yf is 5 mass % and 10mass was obtained, and a straight line that connects point C and pointD′ (0, 75.4, 24.6), which is the intersection of the approximate lineand a point where the concentration of HFO-1132(E) is 0.0 mass % wasdefined as a line segment D′C. In FIG. 4, point D′(0, 83.4, 9.5) wassimilarly obtained from an approximate curve formed by connecting pointC (18.4, 74.5, 0) and points (13.9, 76.5, 2.5) (8.7, 79.2, 5) where theCOP ratio is 92.5%, and a straight line that connects point C and pointD′ was defined as the straight line D′C.

The composition of each mixture was defined as WCF. A leak simulationwas performed using NIST Standard Reference Database REFLEAK Version 4.0under the conditions of Equipment, Storage, Shipping, Leak, and Rechargeaccording to the ASHRAE Standard 34-2013. The most flammable fractionwas defined as WCFF.

For the flammability, the burning velocity was measured according to theANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2013. Both WCF and WCFF having a burningvelocity of 10 cm/s or less were determined to be classified as “Class2L (lower flammability).”

A burning velocity test was performed using the apparatus shown in FIG.1 in the following manner. First, the mixed refrigerants used had apurity of 99.5% or more, and were degassed by repeating a cycle offreezing, pumping, and thawing until no traces of air were observed onthe vacuum gauge. The burning velocity was measured by the closedmethod. The initial temperature was ambient temperature. Ignition wasperformed by generating an electric spark between the electrodes in thecenter of a sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0 to 9.9ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 to 1.0 J. The spreadof the flame was visualized using schlieren photographs. A cylindricalcontainer (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with twolight transmission acrylic windows was used as the sample cell, and axenon lamp was used as the light source. Schlieren images of the flamewere recorded by a high-speed digital video camera at a frame rate of600 fps and stored on a PC.

The results are shown in Tables 97 to 104.

TABLE 97 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Ex. 6 Ex. 13 Ex. 19Ex. 24 Ex. 29 Ex. 34 WCF HFO-1132(E) Mass % 72.0 60.9 55.8 52.1 48.645.4 HFO-1123 Mass % 28.0 32.0 33.1 33.4 33.2 32.7 R1234yf Mass % 0.00.0 0.0 0 0 0 R32 Mass % 0.0 7.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 21.9 Burning velocity(WCF) cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10

TABLE 98 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Ex. 39 Ex. 45 Ex. 51 Ex. 57Ex. 62 WCF HFO-1132(E) Mass % 41.8 40 35.7 32 30.4 HFO-1123 Mass % 31.530.7 23.6 23.9 21.8 R1234yf Mass % 0 0 0 0 0 R32 Mass % 26.7 29.3 36.744.1 47.8 Burning velocity (WCF) cm/s 10 10 10 10 10

TABLE 99 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Ex. 7 Ex. 14 Ex. 20Ex. 25 Ex. 30 Ex. 35 WCF HFO-1132(E) Mass % 72.0 60.9 55.8 52.1 48.645.4 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 R1234yf Mass % 28.0 32.0 33.133.4 33.2 32.7 R32 Mass % 0.0 7.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 21.9 Burning velocity(WCF) cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10

TABLE 100 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Ex. 40 Ex. 46 Ex. 52 Ex. 58Ex. 63 WCF HFO-1132(E) Mass % 41.8 40 35.7 32 30.4 HFO-1123 Mass % 0 0 00 0 R1234yf Mass % 31.5 30.7 23.6 23.9 21.8 R32 Mass % 26.7 29.3 36.744.1 47.8 Burning velocity (WCF) cm/s 10 10 10 10 10

TABLE 101 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Ex. 8 Ex. 15 Ex. 21Ex. 26 Ex. 31 Ex. 36 WCF HFO-1132(E) Mass % 47.1 40.5 37.0 34.3 32.030.3 HFO-1123 Mass % 52.9 52.4 51.9 51.2 49.8 47.8 R1234yf Mass % 0.00.0 0.0  0.0 0.0 0.0 R32 Mass % 0.0 7.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 21.9 Leakcondition that Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/results in WCFF Shipping −40° Shipping −40° Shipping −40° Shipping −40°Shipping −40° Shipping −40° C., 92% C., 92% C., 92% C., 92% C., 92% C.,92% release, release, release, release, release, release, liquid liquidliquid liquid liquid liquid phase side phase side phase side phase sidephase side phase side WCFF HFO-1132(E) Mass % 72.0 62.4 56.2 50.6 45.140.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 28.0 31.6 33.0 33.4 32.5 30.5 R1234yf Mass % 0.00.0 0.0 20.4 0.0 0.0 R32 Mass % 0.0 50.9 10.8 16.0 22.4 29.5 Burningvelocity (WCF) cm/s 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8or less Burning velocity (WCFF) cm/s 10 10 10 10   10 10

TABLE 102 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Ex. 41 Ex. 47 Ex. 53 Ex. 59Ex. 64 WCF HFO-1132(E) Mass % 29.1 28.8 29.3 29.4 28.9 HFO-1123 Mass %44.2 41.9 34.0 26.5 23.3 R1234yf Mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R32 Mass %26.7 29.3 36.7 44.1 47.8 Leak condition that Storage/ Storage/ Storage/Storage/ Storage/ results in WCFF Shipping −40° Shipping −40° Shipping−40° Shipping −40° Shipping −40° C., 92% C., 92% C., 92% C., 90% C., 86%release, release, release, release, release, liquid liquid liquid gasphase gas phase phase side phase side phase side side side WCFFHFO-1132(E) Mass % 34.6 32.2 27.7 28.3 27.5 HFO-1123 Mass % 26.5 23.917.5 18.2 16.7 R1234yf Mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R32 Mass % 38.9 43.954.8 53.5 55.8 Burning velocity (WCF) cm/s 8 or less 8 or less 8.3 9.39.6 Burning velocity (WCFF) cm/s 10 10 10 10 10

TABLE 103 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp Comp. Comp. Item Ex. 9 Ex. 16 Ex. 22Ex. 27 Ex. 32 Ex. 37 WCF HFO-1132(E) Mass % 61.7 47.0 41.0 36.5 32.528.8 HFO-1123 Mass % 5.9 7.2  6.5  5.6 4.0 2.4 R1234yf Mass % 32.4 38.741.4 43.4 45.3 46.9 R32 Mass % 0.0 7.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 21.9 Leakcondition that Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/results in WCFF Shipping −40° Shipping −40° Shipping −40° Shipping −40°Shipping −40° Shipping −40° C., 0% C., 0% C., 0% C., 92% C., 0% C., 0%release, release, release, release, release, release, gas phase gasphase gas phase liquid phase gas phase gas phase side side side sideside side WCFF HFO-1132(E) Mass % 72.0 56.2 50.4 46.0 42.4 39.1 HFO-1123Mass % 10.5 12.6 11.4 10.1 7.4 4.4 R1234yf Mass % 17.5 20.4 21.8 22.924.3 25.7 R32 Mass % 0.0 10.8 16.3 21.0 25.9 30.8 Burning velocity (WCF)cm/s 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less Burningvelocity (WCFF) cm/s 10 10 10   10   10 10

TABLE 104 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Ex. 42 Ex. 48 Ex. 54 Ex. 60Ex. 65 WCF HFO-1132(E) Mass % 24.8 24.3 22.5 21.1 20.4 HFO-1123 Mass %0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R1234yf Mass % 48.5 46.4 40.8 34.8 31.8 R32 Mass %26.7 29.3 36.7 44.1 47.8 Leak condition that Storage/ Storage/ Storage/Storage/ Storage/ results in WCFF Shipping −40° Shipping −40° Shipping−40° Shipping −40° Shipping −40° C., 0% C., 0% C., 0% C., 0% C., 0%release, release, release, release, release, gas phase gas phase gasphase gas phase gas phase side side side side side WCFF HFO-1132(E) Mass% 35.3 34.3 31.3 29.1 28.1 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R1234yfMass % 27.4 26.2 23.1 19.8 18.2 R32 Mass % 37.3 39.6 45.6 51.1 53.7Burning velocity (WCF) cm/s 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 orless Burning velocity (WCFF) cm/s 10 10 10 10 10

The results in Tables 97 to 100 indicate that the refrigerant has a WCFlower flammability in the following cases:

When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based ontheir sum in the mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf,and R32 is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a, coordinates(x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass % and a straight lineconnecting a point (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0) and a point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0−a)is the base, if 0<a≤11.1, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary compositiondiagram are on or below a straight line GI that connects point G(0.026a²−1.7478a+72.0, −0.026a²+0.7478a+28.0, 0.0) and point I(0.026a²−1.7478a+72.0, 0.0, −0.026a²+0.7478a+28.0);

if 11.1<a≤18.2, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagramare on or below a straight line GI that connects point G(0.02a²−1.6013a+71.105, −0.02a²+0.6013a+28.895, 0.0) and point I(0.02a²−1.6013a+71.105, 0.0, −0.02a²+0.6013a+28.895); if 18.2<a≤26.7,coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are on or below astraight line GI that connects point G (0.0135a²−1.4068a+69.727,−0.0135a²+0.4068a+30.273, 0.0) and point I (0.0135a²−1.4068a+69.727,0.0, −0.0135a²+0.4068a+30.273); if 26.7<a≤36.7, coordinates (x,y,z) inthe ternary composition diagram are on or below a straight line GI thatconnects point G (0.0111a²−1.3152a+68.986, −0.0111a²+0.3152a+31.014,0.0) and point I (0.0111a²−1.3152a+68.986, 0.0,−0.0111a²+0.3152a+31.014); and if 36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates (x,y,z) inthe ternary composition diagram are on or below a straight line GI thatconnects point G (0.0061a²−0.9918a+63.902, −0.0061a²−0.0082a+36.098,0.0)and point I (0.0061a²−0.9918a+63.902, 0.0, −0.0061a²−0.0082a+36.098).

Three points corresponding to point G (Table 105) and point I (Table106) were individually obtained in each of the following five ranges bycalculation, and their approximate expressions were obtained.

TABLE 105 Item 11.1 ≥ R32 ≥ 0 18.2 ≥ R32 ≥ 11.1 26.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 18.2 R32 07.1 11.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 18.2 21.9 26.7 HFO-1132(E) 72.0 60.9 55.8 55.852.1 48.6 48.6 45.4 41.8 HFO-1123 28.0 32.0 33.1 33.1 33.4 33.2 33.232.7 31.5 R1234yf 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R32 a a a HFO-1132(E) 0.026a² −1.7478a + 72.0 0.02a² − 1.6013a + 71.105  0.0135a² − 1.4068a + 69.727Approximate expression HFO-1123 −0.026a² + 0..7478a + 28.0 −0.02a² +0..6013a + 28.895 −0.0135a² + 0.4068a + 30.273 Approximate expressionR1234yf 0 0 0 Approximate expression Item 36.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 26.7 46.7 ≥ R32 ≥36.7 R32 26.7 29.3 36.7 36.7 44.1 47.8 HFO-1132(E) 41.8 40.0 35.7 35.732.0 30.4 HFO-1123 31.5 30.7 27.6 27.6 23.9 21.8 R1234yf 0 0 0 0 0 0 R32a a HFO-1132(E)  0.0111a² − 1.3152a + 68.986  0.0061a² − 0.9918a +63.902 Approximate expression HFO-1123 −0.0111a² + 0.3152a + 31.014−0.0061a² − 0.0082a + 36.098 Approximate expression R1234yf 0 0Approximate expression

TABLE 106 Item 11.1 ≥ R32 > 0 18.2 ≥ R32 ≥ 11.1 26.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 18.2 R32 07.1 11.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 18.2 21.9 26.7 HFO-1132(E) 72.0 60.9 55.8 55.852.1 48.6 48.6 45.4 41.8 HFO-1123 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R1234yf 28.0 32.033.1 33.1 33.4 33.2 33.2 32.7 31.5 R32 a a a HFO-1132(E)  0.026a² −1.7478a + 72.0  0.02a² − 1.6013a + 71.105  0.0135a² − 1.4068a + 69.727Approximate expression HFO-1123 0 0 0 Approximate expression R1234yf−0.026a² + 0.7478a + 28.0 −0.02a² + 0.6013a + 28.895 −0.0135a² +0.4068a + 30.273 Approximate expression Item 36.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 26.7 46.7 ≥R32 ≥ 36.7 R32 26.7 29.3 36.7 36.7 44.1 47.8 HFO-1132(E) 41.8 40.0 35.735.7 32.0 30.4 HFO-1123 0 0 0 0 0 0 R1234yf 31.5 30.7 23.6 23.6 23.521.8 R32 x x HFO-1132(E)  0.0111a² − 1.3152a + 68.986  0.0061a² −0.9918a + 63.902 Approximate expression HFO-1123 0 0 Approximateexpression R1234yf −0.0111a² + 0.3152a + 31.014 −0.0061a² − 0.0082a +36.098 Approximate expression

The results in Tables 101 to 104 indicate that the refrigerant isdetermined to have a WCFF lower flammability, and the flammabilityclassification according to the ASHRAE Standard is “2L (flammability)”in the following cases:

When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based ontheir sum in the mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf,and R32 is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a, in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR1234yf is (100−a) mass % and a straight line connecting a point (0.0,100.0−a, 0.0) and a point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0−a) is the base, if 0<a≤11.1,coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are on or below astraight line JK′ that connects point J (0.0049a²−0.9645a+47.1,−0.0049a²−0.0355a+52.9, 0.0) and point K′(0.0514a²−2.4353a+61.7,−0.0323a²+0.4122a+5.9, −0.0191a²+1.0231a+32.4); if 11.1<a≤18.2,coordinates are on a straight line JK′ that connects point J(0.0243a²−1.4161a+49.725, −0.0243a²+0.4161a+50.275, 0.0) and pointK′(0.0341a²−2.1977a+61.187, −0.0236a²+0.34a+5.636,−0.0105a²+0.8577a+33.177); if 18.2<a≤26.7, coordinates are on or below astraight line JK′ that connects point J (0.0246a²−1.4476a+50.184,−0.0246a²+0.4476a+49.816, 0.0) and point K′ (0.0196a²−1.7863a+58.515,−0.0079a²−0.1136a+8.702, −0.0117a²+0.8999a+32.783); if 26.7<a≤36.7,coordinates are on or below a straight line JK′ that connects point J(0.0183a²−1.1399a+46.493, −0.0183a²+0.1399a+53.507, 0.0) and point K′(−0.0051a²+0.0929a+25.95, 0.0, 0.0051a²−1.0929a+74.05); and if36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates are on or below a straight line JK′ thatconnects point J (−0.0134a²+1.0956a+7.13, 0.0134a²−2.0956a+92.87, 0.0)and point K′(−1.892a+29.443, 0.0, 0.892a+70.557).

Actual points having a WCFF lower flammability form a curved line thatconnects point J and point K′ (on the straight line AB) in FIG. 3 andextends toward the HFO-1132(E) side. Accordingly, when coordinates areon or below the straight line JK′, WCFF lower flammability is achieved.

Three points corresponding to point J (Table 107) and point K′ (Table108) were individually obtained in each of the following five ranges bycalculation, and their approximate expressions were obtained.

TABLE 107 Item 11.1 ≥ R32 > 0 18.2 ≥ R32 ≥ 11.1 26.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 18.2 R32 07.1 11.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 18.2 21.9 26.7 HFO-1132(E) 47.1 40.5 37 37.034.3 32.0 32.0 30.3 29.1 HFO-1123 52.9 52.4 51.9 51.9 51.2 49.8 49.847.8 44.2 R1234yf 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R32 a a a HFO-1132(E)  0.0049a² −0.9645a + 47.1  0.0243a² − 1.4161a + 49.725  0.0246a² − 1.4476a + 50.184Approximate expression HFO-1123 −0.0049a² − 0.0355a + 52.9 −0.0243a² +0.4161a + 50.275 −0.0246a² + 0.4476a + 49.816 Approximate expressionR1234yf 0 0 0 Approximate expression Item 36.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 26.7 47.8 ≥ R32 ≥36.7 R32 26.7 29.3 36.7 36.7 44.1 47.8 HFO-1132(E) 29.1 28.8 29.3 29.329.4 28.9 HFO-1123 44.2 41.9 34.0 34.0 26.5 23.3 R1234yf 0 0 0 0 0 0 R32a a HFO-1132(E)  0.0183a² − 1.1399a + 46.493 −0.0134a² + 1.0956a + 7.13Approximate expression HFO-1123 −0.0183a² + 0.1399a + 53.507  0.0134a² −2.0956a + 92.87 Approximate expression R1234yf 0 0 Approximateexpression

TABLE 108 Item 11.1 ≥ R32 > 0 18.2 ≥ R32 ≥ 11.1 26.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 18.2 R32 07.1 11.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 18.2 21.9 26.7 HFO-1132(E) 61.7 47.0 41.0 41.036.5 32.5 32.5 28.8 24.8 HFO-1123 5.9 7.2 6.5 6.5 5.6 4.0 4.0 2.4 0R1234yf 32.4 38.7 41.4 41.4 43.4 45.3 45.3 46.9 48.5 R32 x x xHFO-1132(E)  0.0514a² − 2.4353a + 61.7 0.0341a² − 2.1977a + 61.187 0.0196a² − 1.7863a + 58.515 Approximate expression HFO-1123 −0.0323a² +0.4122a + 5.9  −0.0236a² + 0.34a + 5.636 −0.0079a² − 0.1136a + 8.702 Approximate expression R1234yf −0.0191a² + 1.0231a + 32.4 −0.0105a² +0.8577a + 33.177 −0.0117a² + 0.8999a + 32.783 Approximate expressionItem 36.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 26.7 46.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 36.7 R32 26.7 29.3 36.7 36.7 44.147.8 HFO-1132(E) 24.8 24.3 22.5 22.5 21.1 20.4 HFO-1123 0 0 0 0 0 0R1234yf 48.5 46.4 40.8 40.8 34.8 31.8 R32 x x HFO-1132(E) −0.0051a² +0.0929a + 25.95 −1.892a + 29.443 Approximate expression HFO-1123 0 0Approximate expression R1234yf  0.0051a² − 1.0929a + 74.05  0.892a +70.557 Approximate expression

FIGS. 3 to 13 show compositions whose R32 content a (mass %) is 0 mass%, 7.1 mass %, 11.1 mass %, 14.5 mass %, 18.2 mass %, 21.9 mass %, 26.7mass %, 29.3 mass %, 36.7 mass %, 44.1 mass %, and 47.8 mass %,respectively.

Points A, B, C, and D′ were obtained in the following manner accordingto approximate calculation.

Point A is a point where the content of HFO-1123 is 0 mass %, and arefrigerating capacity ratio of 85% relative to that of R410A isachieved. Three points corresponding to point A were obtained in each ofthe following five ranges by calculation, and their approximateexpressions were obtained (Table 109).

TABLE 109 Item 11.1 ≥ R32 > 0 18.2 ≥ R32 ≥ 11.1 26.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 18.2 R32 07.1 11.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 18.2 21.9 26.7 HFO-1132(E) 68.6 55.3 48.4 48.442.8 37 37 31.5 24.8 HFO-1123 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R1234yf 31.4 37.6 40.540.5 42.7 44.8 44.8 46.6 48.5 R32 a a a HFO-1132(E)  0.0134a² −1.9681a + 68.6  0.0112a² − 1.9337a + 68.484  0.0107a² − 1.9142a + 68.305Approximate expression HFO-1123 0 0 0 Approximate expression R1234yf−0.0134a² + 0.9681a + 31.4 −0.0112a² + 0.9337a + 31.516 −0.0107a² +0.9142a + 31.695 Approximate expression Item 36.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 26.7 46.7 ≥R32 ≥ 36.7 R32 26.7 29.3 36.7 36.7 44.1 47.8 HFO-1132(E) 24.8 21.3 12.112.1 3.8 0 HFO-1123 0 0 0 0 0 0 R1234yf 48.5 49.4 51.2 51.2 52.1 52.2R32 a a HFO-1132(E)  0.0103a² − 1.9225a + 68.793   0.0085a² − 1.8102a +67.1 Approximate expression HFO-1123 0 0 Approximate expression R1234yf−0.0103a² + 0.9225a + 31..207 −0.0085a² + 0.8102a + 32.9 Approximateexpression

Point B is a point where the content of HFO-1132(E) is 0 mass %, and arefrigerating capacity ratio of 85% relative to that of R410A isachieved.

Three points corresponding to point B were obtained in each of thefollowing five ranges by calculation, and their approximate expressionswere obtained (Table 110).

TABLE 110 Item 11.1 ≥ R32 > 0 18.2 ≥ R32 ≥ 11.1 26.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 18.2 R32 07.1 11.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 18.2 21.9 26.7 HFO-1132(E) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0HFO-1123 58.7 47.8 42.3 42.3 37.8 33.1 33.1 28.5 22.9 R1234yf 41.3 45.146.6 46.6 47.7 48.7 48.7 49.6 50.4 R32 a a a HFO-1132(E) 0 0 0Approximate expression HFO-1123  0.0144a² − 1.6377a + 58.7  0.0075a² −1.5156a + 58.199  0.009a² − 1.6045a + 59.318 Approximate expressionR1234yf −0.0144a² + 0.6377a + 41.3 −0.0075a² + 0.5156a + 41.801−0.009a² + 0.6045a + 40.682 Approximate expression Item 36.7 ≥ R32 ≥26.7 46.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 36.7 R32 26.7 29.3 36.7 36.7 44.1 47.8 HFO-1132(E) 0 00 0 0 0 HFO-1123 22.9 19.9 11.7 11.8 3.9 0 R1234yf 50.4 50.8 51.6 51.552.0 52.2 R32 a a HFO-1132(E) 0 0 Approximate expression HFO-1123 0.0046a² − 1.41a + 57.286  0.0012a² − 1.1659a + 52.95 Approximateexpression R1234yf −0.0046a² + 0.41a + 42.714 −0.0012a² + 0.1659a +47.05 Approximate expression

Point D′ is a point where the content of HFO-1132(E) is 0 mass %, and aCOP ratio of 95.5% relative to that of R410A is achieved.

Three points corresponding to point D′ were obtained in each of thefollowing by calculation, and their approximate expressions wereobtained (Table 111).

TABLE 111 Item 11.1 ≥ R32 > 0 R32 0 7.1 11.1 HFO-1132(E) 0 0 0 HFO-112375.4 83.4 88.9 R1234yf 24.6 9.5 0 R32 a HFO-1132(E) 0 Approximateexpression HFO-1123  0.0224a² + 0.968a + 75.4 Approximate expressionR1234yf −0.0224a² − 1.968a + 24.6 Approximate expression

Point C is a point where the content of R1234yf is 0 mass %, and a COPratio of 95.5% relative to that of R410A is achieved.

Three points corresponding to point C were obtained in each of thefollowing by calculation, and their approximate expressions wereobtained (Table 112).

TABLE 112 Item 11.1 ≥ R32 > 0 R32 0 7.1 11.1 HFO-1132(E) 32.9 18.4 0HFO-1123 67.1 74.5 88.9 R1234yf 0 0 0 R32 a HFO-1132(E) −0.2304a² −0.4062a + 32.9 Approximate expression HFO-1123  0.2304a² − 0.5938a +67.1 Approximate expression R1234yf 0 Approximate expression

(5-4) Refrigerant D

The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is a mixedrefrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)),difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf).

The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure has variousproperties that are desirable as an R410A-alternative refrigerant; i.e.,a refrigerating capacity equivalent to that of R410A, a sufficiently lowGWP, and a lower flammability (Class 2L) according to the ASHRAEstandard.

The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, andR1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments IJ, JN, NE, and EI that connect the following 4 points:

point I (72.0, 0.0, 28.0),point J (48.5, 18.3, 33.2),point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), andpoint E (58.3, 0.0, 41.7),or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segment EI);

the line segment IJ is represented by coordinates(0.0236y²−1.7616y+72.0, y, −0.0236y²+0.7616y+28.0);

the line segment NE is represented by coordinates (0.012y²−1.9003y+58.3,y, −0.012y²+0.9003y+41.7); and

the line segments JN and EI are straight lines. When the requirementsabove are satisfied, the refrigerant according to the present disclosurehas a refrigerating capacity ratio of 80% or more relative to R410A, aGWP of 125 or less, and a WCF lower flammability.

The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, andR1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments MM′, M′N, NV, VG, and GM that connect the following 5points:

point M (52.6, 0.0, 47.4),point M′ (39.2, 5.0, 55.8),point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1),point V (11.0, 18.1, 70.9), andpoint G (39.6, 0.0, 60.4),or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segment GM);

the line segment MM′ is represented by coordinates (0.132y²−3.34y+52.6,y, −0.132y²+2.34y+47.4);

the line segment M′N is represented by coordinates(0.0596y²−2.2541y+48.98, y, −0.0596y²+1.2541y+51.02);

the line segment VG is represented by coordinates(0.0123y²−1.8033y+39.6, y, −0.0123y²+0.8033y+60.4); and

the line segments NV and GM are straight lines. When the requirementsabove are satisfied, the refrigerant according to the present disclosurehas a refrigerating capacity ratio of 70% or more relative to R410A, aGWP of 125 or less, and an ASHRAE lower flammability.

The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, andR1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments ON, NU, and UO that connect the following 3 points:

point O (22.6, 36.8, 40.6),point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), andpoint U (3.9, 36.7, 59.4),or on these line segments;

the line segment ON is represented by coordinates(0.0072y²−0.6701y+37.512, y, −0.0072y²−0.3299y+62.488);

the line segment NU is represented by coordinates(0.0083y²−1.7403y+56.635, y, −0.0083y²+0.7403y+43.365); and

the line segment UO is a straight line. When the requirements above aresatisfied, the refrigerant according to the present disclosure has arefrigerating capacity ratio of 80% or more relative to R410A, a GWP of250 or less, and an ASHRAE lower flammability.

The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, andR1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments QR, RT, TL, LK, and KQ that connect the following 5points:

point Q (44.6, 23.0, 32.4),point R (25.5, 36.8, 37.7),point T (8.6, 51.6, 39.8),point L (28.9, 51.7, 19.4), andpoint K (35.6, 36.8, 27.6),or on these line segments;

the line segment QR is represented by coordinates(0.0099y²−1.975y+84.765, y, −0.0099y²+0.975y+15.235);

the line segment RT is represented by coordinates(0.0082y²−1.8683y+83.126, y, −0.0082y²+0.8683y+16.874);

the line segment LK is represented by coordinates(0.0049y²−0.8842y+61.488, y, −0.0049y²−0.1158y+38.512);

the line segment KQ is represented by coordinates(0.0095y²−1.2222y+67.676, y, −0.0095y²+0.2222y+32.324); and

the line segment TL is a straight line. When the requirements above aresatisfied, the refrigerant according to the present disclosure has arefrigerating capacity ratio of 92.5% or more relative to R410A, a GWPof 350 or less, and a WCF lower flammability.

The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, andR1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments PS, ST, and TP that connect the following 3 points:

point P (20.5, 51.7, 27.8),point S (21.9, 39.7, 38.4), andpoint T (8.6, 51.6, 39.8),or on these line segments;

the line segment PS is represented by coordinates(0.0064y²−0.7103y+40.1, y, −0.0064y²−0.2897y+59.9);

the line segment ST is represented by coordinates(0.0082y²−1.8683y+83.126, y, −0.0082y²+0.8683y+16.874); and

the line segment TP is a straight line. When the requirements above aresatisfied, the refrigerant according to the present disclosure has arefrigerating capacity ratio of 92.5% or more relative to R410A, a GWPof 350 or less, and an ASHRAE lower flammability.

The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, andR1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments ac, cf, fd, and da that connect the following 4 points:

point a (71.1, 0.0, 28.9),point c (36.5, 18.2, 45.3),point f (47.6, 18.3, 34.1), andpoint d (72.0, 0.0, 28.0),or on these line segments;

the line segment ac is represented by coordinates(0.0181y²−2.2288y+71.096, y, −0.0181y²+1.2288y+28.904);

the line segment fd is represented by coordinates (0.02y²−1.7y+72, y,−0.02y²+0.7y+28); and

the line segments cf and da are straight lines. When the requirementsabove are satisfied, the refrigerant according to the present disclosurehas a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or more relative to R410A, aGWP of 125 or less, and a lower flammability (Class 2L) according to theASHRAE standard.

The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, andR1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments ab, be, ed, and da that connect the following 4 points:

point a (71.1, 0.0, 28.9),point b (42.6, 14.5, 42.9),point e (51.4, 14.6, 34.0), andpoint d (72.0, 0.0, 28.0),or on these line segments;

the line segment ab is represented by coordinates(0.0181y²−2.2288y+71.096, y, −0.0181y²+1.2288y+28.904);

the line segment ed is represented by coordinates (0.02y²−1.7y+72, y,−0.02y²+0.7y+28); and

the line segments be and da are straight lines. When the requirementsabove are satisfied, the refrigerant according to the present disclosurehas a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or more relative to R410A, aGWP of 100 or less, and a lower flammability (Class 2L) according to theASHRAE standard.

The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, andR1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments gi, ij, and jg that connect the following 3 points:

point g (77.5, 6.9, 15.6),point i (55.1, 18.3, 26.6), andpoint j (77.5. 18.4, 4.1),or on these line segments;

the line segment gi is represented by coordinates(0.02y²−2.4583y+93.396, y, −0.02y²+1.4583y+6.604); and

the line segments ij and jg are straight lines. When the requirementsabove are satisfied, the refrigerant according to the present disclosurehas a refrigerating capacity ratio of 95% or more relative to R410A anda GWP of 100 or less, undergoes fewer or no changes such aspolymerization or decomposition, and also has excellent stability.

The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, andR1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments gh, hk, and kg that connect the following 3 points:

point g (77.5, 6.9, 15.6),point h (61.8, 14.6, 23.6), andpoint k (77.5, 14.6, 7.9),or on these line segments;

the line segment gh is represented by coordinates(0.02y²−2.4583y+93.396, y, −0.02y²+1.4583y+6.604); and

the line segments hk and kg are straight lines. When the requirementsabove are satisfied, the refrigerant according to the present disclosurehas a refrigerating capacity ratio of 95% or more relative to R410A anda GWP of 100 or less, undergoes fewer or no changes such aspolymerization or decomposition, and also has excellent stability.

The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure may furthercomprise other additional refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E), R32,and R1234yf, as long as the above properties and effects are notimpaired. In this respect, the refrigerant according to the presentdisclosure preferably comprises HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf in a totalamount of 99.5 mass % or more, more preferably 99.75 mass % or more, andstill more preferably 99.9 mass % or more based on the entirerefrigerant.

Such additional refrigerants are not limited, and can be selected from awide range of refrigerants. The mixed refrigerant may comprise a singleadditional refrigerant, or two or more additional refrigerants.

(Examples of Refrigerant D)

The present disclosure is described in more detail below with referenceto Examples of refrigerant D. However, the refrigerant D is not limitedto the Examples.

The composition of each mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), R32, andR1234yf was defined as WCF. A leak simulation was performed using theNIST Standard Reference Database REFLEAK Version 4.0 under theconditions of Equipment, Storage, Shipping, Leak, and Recharge accordingto the ASHRAE Standard 34-2013. The most flammable fraction was definedas WCFF.

A burning velocity test was performed using the apparatus shown in FIG.1 in the following manner. First, the mixed refrigerants used had apurity of 99.5% or more, and were degassed by repeating a cycle offreezing, pumping, and thawing until no traces of air were observed onthe vacuum gauge. The burning velocity was measured by the closedmethod. The initial temperature was ambient temperature. Ignition wasperformed by generating an electric spark between the electrodes in thecenter of a sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0 to 9.9ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 to 1.0 J. The spreadof the flame was visualized using schlieren photographs. A cylindricalcontainer (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with twolight transmission acrylic windows was used as the sample cell, and axenon lamp was used as the light source. Schlieren images of the flamewere recorded by a high-speed digital video camera at a frame rate of600 fps and stored on a PC. Tables 113 to 115 show the results.

TABLE 113 Comparative Exam- Exam- Exam- Example 13 Exam- ple 12 Exam-ple 14 Exam- ple 16 Item Unit I ple 11 J ple 13 K ple 15 L WCFHFO-1132(E) Mass % 72 57.2 48.5 41.2 35.6 32 28.9 R32 Mass % 0 10 18.327.6 36.8 44.2 51.7 R1234yf Mass % 28 32.8 33.2 31.2 27.6 23.8 19.4Burning Velocity (WCF) cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

TABLE 114 Comparative Example 14 Example 19 Example 21 Item Unit MExample 18 W Example 20 N Example 22 WCF HFO-1132(E) Mass % 52.6 39.232.4 29.3 27.7 24.6 R32 Mass % 0.0 5.0 10.0 14.5 18.2 27.6 R1234yf Mass% 47.4 55.8 57.6 56.2 54.1 47.8 Leak condition that Storage, Storage,Storage, Storage, Storage, Storage, results in WCFF Shipping, −40°Shipping, −40° Shipping, −40° Shipping, −40° Shipping, −40° Shipping,−40° C., 0% C., 0% C., 0% C., 0% C., 0% C., 0% release, release,release, release, release, release, on the gas on the gas on the gas onthe gas on the gas on the gas phase side phase side phase side phaseside phase side phase side WCF HFO-1132(E) Mass % 72.0 57.8 48.7 43.640.6 34.9 R32 Mass % 0.0 9.5 17.9 24.2 28.7 38.1 R1234yf Mass % 28.032.7 33.4 32.2 30.7 27.0 Burning Velocity (WCF) cm/s 8 or less 8 or less8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less Burning Velocity (WCFF) cm/s 1010 10 10 10 10

TABLE 115 Example 23 Example 25 Item Unit O Example 24 P WCF HFO-1132(E)Mass % 22.6 21.2 20.5 HFO-1123 Mass % 36.8 44.2 51.7 R1234yf Mass % 40.634.6 27.8 Leak condition that Storage, Storage, Storage, results in WCFFShipping, −40° Shipping, −40° Shipping, −40° C., 0% C., 0% C., 0%release, release, release, on the gas on the gas on the gas phase sidephase side phase side WCFF HFO-1132(E) Mass % 31.4 29.2 27.1 HFO-1123Mass % 45.7 51.1 56.4 R1234yf Mass % 23.0 19.7 16.5 Burning Velocity(WCF) cm/s 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less Burning Velocity (WCFF) cm/s10   10   10  

The results indicate that under the condition that the mass % ofHFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, when coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternarycomposition diagram shown in FIG. 14 in which the sum of HFO-1132(E),R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are on the line segment that connectspoint I, point J, point K, and point L, or below these line segments,the refrigerant has a WCF lower flammability.

The results also indicate that when coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternarycomposition diagram shown in FIG. 14 are on the line segments thatconnect point M, point M′, point W, point J, point N, and point P, orbelow these line segments, the refrigerant has an ASHRAE lowerflammability.

Mixed refrigerants were prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E), R32, and

R1234yf in amounts (mass %) shown in Tables 116 to 144 based on the sumof HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf. The coefficient of performance (COP)ratio and the refrigerating capacity ratio relative to R410 of the mixedrefrigerants shown in Tables 116 to 144 were determined. The conditionsfor calculation were as described below.

Evaporating temperature: 5° C.

Condensation temperature: 45° C.

Degree of superheating: 5 K

Degree of subcooling: 5 K

Compressor efficiency: 70%

Tables 116 to 144 show these values together with the GWP of each mixedrefrigerant.

TABLE 116 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative ComparativeComparative Comparative Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example6 Example 7 Item Unit Example 1 A B A′ B′ A″ B″ HFO-1132(E) Mass % R410A81.6 0.0 63.1 0.0 48.2 0.0 R32 Mass % 18.4 18.1 36.9 36.7 51.8 51.5R1234yf Mass % 0.0 81.9 0.0 63.3 0.0 48.5 GWP — 2088 125 125 250 250 350350 COP Ratio %(relative 100 98.7 103.6 98.7 102.3 99.2 102.2 to R410A)Refrigerating %(relative 100 105.3 62.5 109.9 77.5 112.1 87.3 CapacityRatio to R410A)

TABLE 117 Comparative Comparative Exam- Exam- Example 8 ComparativeExample 10 Exam- ple 2 Exam- ple 4 Item Unit C Example 9 C′ ple 1 R ple3 T HFO-1132(E) Mass % 85.5 66.1 52.1 37.8 25.5 16.6 8.6 R32 Mass % 0.010.0 18.2 27.6 36.8 44.2 51.6 R1234yf Mass % 14.5 23.9 29.7 34.6 37.739.2 39.8 GWP — 1 69 125 188 250 300 350 COP Ratio % (relative 99.8 99.399.3 99.6 100.2 100.8 101.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 92.592.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 118 Comparative Exam- Exam- Comparative Exam- Example 11 Exam- ple6 Exam- ple 8 Example 12 Exam- ple 10 Item Unit E ple 5 N ple 7 U G ple9 V HFO-1132(E) Mass % 58.3 40.5 27.7 14.9 3.9 39.6 22.8 11.0 R32 Mass %0.0 10.0 18.2 27.6 36.7 0.0 10.0 18.1 R1234yf Mass % 41.7 49.5 54.1 57.559.4 60.4 67.2 70.9 GWP — 2 70 125 189 250 3 70 125 COP Ratio %(relative100.3 100.3 100.7 101.2 101.9 101.4 101.8 102.3 to R410A) Refrigerating%(relative 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 Capacity Ratio toR410A)

TABLE 119 Comparative Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Example 13 Exam- ple 12Exam- ple 14 Exam- ple 16 ple 17 Item Unit I ple 11 J ple 13 K ple 15 LQ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 72.0 57.2 48.5 41.2 35.6 32.0 28.9 44.6 R32 Mass %0.0 10.0 18.3 27.6 36.8 44.2 51.7 23.0 R1234yf Mass % 28.0 32.8 33.231.2 27.6 23.8 19.4 32.4 GWP — 2 69 125 188 250 300 350 157 COP Ratio%(relative 99.9 99.5 99.4 99.5 99.6 99.8 100.1 99.4 to R410A)Refrigerating %(relative 86.6 88.4 90.9 94.2 97.7 100.5 103.3 92.5Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 120 Comparative Exam- Exam- Example 14 Exam- ple 19 Exam- ple 21Exam- Item Unit M ple 18 W ple 20 N ple 22 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 52.6 39.232.4 29.3 27.7 24.5 R32 Mass % 0.0 5.0 10.0 14.5 18.2 27.6 R1234yf Mass% 47.4 55.8 57.6 56.2 54.1 47.9 GWP — 2 36 70 100 125 188 COP Ratio%(relative 100.5 100.9 100.9 100.8 100.7 100.4 to R410A) Refrigerating%(relative 77.1 74.8 75.6 77.8 80.0 85.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 121 Exam- Exam- Exam- ple 23 Exam- ple 25 ple 26 Item Unit O ple24 P S HFO-1132(E) Mass % 22.6 21.2 20.5 21.9 R32 Mass % 36.8 44.2 51.739.7 R1234yf Mass % 40.6 34.6 27.8 38.4 GWP — 250 300 350 270 COP Ratio%(relative 100.4 100.5 100.6 100.4 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative91.0 95.0 99.1 92.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 122 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Exam- Exam-Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 15 Example 16 Example 17Example 18 ple 27 ple 28 Example 19 Example 20 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.020.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 R32 Mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.05.0 5.0 R1234yf Mass % 85.0 75.0 65.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 GWP — 3737 37 36 36 36 35 35 COP Ratio %(relative 103.4 102.6 101.6 100.8 100.299.8 99.6 99.4 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 56.4 63.3 69.5 75.280.5 85.4 90.1 94.4 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 123 Comparative Comparative Exam- Comparative Exam- ComparativeComparative Comparative Item Unit Example 21 Example 22 ple 29 Example23 ple 30 Example 24 Example 25 Example 26 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 20.030.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 R32 Mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.010.0 10.0 R1234yf Mass % 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 GWP —71 71 70 70 70 69 69 69 COP Ratio %(relative 103.1 102.1 101.1 100.499.8 99.5 99.2 99.1 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 61.8 68.3 74.379.7 84.9 89.7 94.2 98.4 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 124 Comparative Exam- Comparative Exam- Exam- ComparativeComparative Comparative Item Unit Example 27 ple 31 Example 28 ple 32ple 33 Example 29 Example 30 Example 31 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 20.030.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 R32 Mass % 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.015.0 15.0 R1234yf Mass % 75.0 65.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 5.0 GWP —104 104 104 103 103 103 103 102 COP Ratio %(relative 102.7 101.6 100.7100.0 99.5 99.2 99.0 98.9 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 66.6 72.978.6 84.0 89.0 93.7 98.1 102.2 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 125 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative ComparativeComparative Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 32 Example 33Example 34 Example 35 Example 36 Example 37 Example 38 Example 39HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 10.0 R32 Mass %20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 25.0 R1234yf Mass % 70.0 60.0 50.040.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 65.0 GWP — 138 138 137 137 137 136 136 171 COP Ratio%(relative 102.3 101.2 100.4 99.7 99.3 99.0 98.8 101.9 to R410A)Refrigerating %(relative 71.0 77.1 82.7 88.0 92.9 97.5 101.7 75.0Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 126 Exam- Comparative Comparative Comparative ComparativeComparative Comparative Exam- Item Unit ple 34 Example 40 Example 41Example 42 Example 43 Example 44 Example 45 ple 35 HFO-1132(E) Mass %20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 10.0 20.0 R32 Mass % 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.025.0 25.0 30.0 30.0 R1234yf Mass % 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 5.0 60.050.0 GWP — 171 171 171 170 170 170 205 205 COP Ratio %(relative 100.9100.1 99.6 99.2 98.9 98.7 101.6 100.7 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative81.0 86.6 91.7 96.5 101.0 105.2 78.9 84.8 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 127 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Exam- Exam-Exam- Comparative Item Unit Example 46 Example 47 Example 48 Example 49ple 36 ple 37 ple 38 Example 50 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.010.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 R32 Mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0R1234yf Mass % 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 GWP — 204 204 204204 239 238 238 238 COP Ratio %(relative 100.0 99.5 99.1 98.8 101.4100.6 99.9 99.4 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 90.2 95.3 100.0 104.482.5 88.3 93.7 98.6 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 128 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Exam-Comparative Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 51 Example 52Example 53 Example 54 ple 39 Example 55 Example 56 Example 57HFO-1132(E) Mass % 50.0 60.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 10.0 R32 Mass %35.0 35.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 45.0 R1234yf Mass % 15.0 5.0 50.040.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 45.0 GWP — 237 237 272 272 272 271 271 306 COP Ratio%(relative 99.0 98.8 101.3 100.6 99.9 99.4 99.0 101.3 to R410A)Refrigerating %(relative 103.2 107.5 86.0 91.7 96.9 101.8 106.3 89.3Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 129 Exam- Exam- Comparative Comparative Comparative Exam-Comparative Comparative Item Unit ple 40 ple 41 Example 58 Example 59Example 60 ple 42 Example 61 Example 62 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 20.0 30.040.0 50.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 R32 Mass % 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 50.0 50.050.0 50.0 R1234yf Mass % 35.0 25.0 15.0 5.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 GWP —305 305 305 304 339 339 339 338 COP Ratio %(relative 100.6 100.0 99.599.1 101.3 100.6 100.0 99.5 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 94.9100.0 104.7 109.2 92.4 97.8 102.9 107.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 130 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Exam- Exam-Exam- Exam- Item Unit Example 63 Example 64 Example 65 Example 66 ple 43ple 44 ple 45 ple 46 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 56.0 59.062.0 65.0 R32 Mass % 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 R1234yf Mass %35.0 25.0 15.0 5.0 41.0 38.0 35.0 32.0 GWP — 373 372 372 372 22 22 22 22COP Ratio %(relative 101.4 100.7 100.1 99.6 100.1 100.0 99.9 99.8 toR410A) Refrigerating %(relative 95.3 100.6 105.6 110.2 81.7 83.2 84.686.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 131 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple47 ple 48 ple 49 ple 50 ple 51 ple 52 ple 53 ple 54 HFO-1132(E) Mass %49.0 52.0 55.0 58.0 61.0 43.0 46.0 49.0 R32 Mass % 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.09.0 9.0 9.0 R1234yf Mass % 45.0 42.0 39.0 36.0 33.0 48.0 45.0 42.0 GWP —43 43 43 43 42 63 63 63 COP Ratio %(relative 100.2 100.0 99.9 99.8 99.7100.3 100.1 99.9 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 80.9 82.4 83.9 85.486.8 80.4 82.0 83.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 132 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple55 ple 56 ple 57 ple 58 ple 59 ple 60 ple 61 ple 62 HFO-1132(E) Mass %52.0 55.0 58.0 38.0 41.0 44.0 47.0 50.0 R32 Mass % 9.0 9.0 9.0 12.0 12.012.0 12.0 12.0 R1234yf Mass % 39.0 36.0 33.0 50.0 47.0 44.0 41.0 38.0GWP — 63 63 63 83 83 83 83 83 COP Ratio %(relative 99.8 99.7 99.6 100.3100.1 100.0 99.8 99.7 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 85.0 86.5 87.980.4 82.0 83.5 85.1 86.6 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 133 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple63 ple 64 ple 65 ple 66 ple 67 ple 68 ple 69 ple 70 HFO-1132(E) Mass %53.0 33.0 36.0 39.0 42.0 45.0 48.0 51.0 R32 Mass % 12.0 15.0 15.0 15.015.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 R1234yf Mass % 35.0 52.0 49.0 46.0 43.0 40.0 37.034.0 GWP — 83 104 104 103 103 103 103 103 COP Ratio %(relative 99.6100.5 100.3 100.1 99.9 99.7 99.6 99.5 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative88.0 80.3 81.9 83.5 85.0 86.5 88.0 89.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 134 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple71 ple 72 ple 73 ple 74 ple 75 ple 76 ple 77 ple 78 HFO-1132(E) Mass %29.0 32.0 35.0 38.0 41.0 44.0 47.0 36.0 R32 Mass % 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.018.0 18.0 18.0 3.0 R1234yf Mass % 53.0 50.0 47.0 44.0 41.0 38.0 35.061.0 GWP — 124 124 124 124 124 123 123 23 COP Ratio %(relative 100.6100.3 100.1 99.9 99.8 99.6 99.5 101.3 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative80.6 82.2 83.8 85.4 86.9 88.4 89.9 71.0 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 135 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple79 ple 80 ple 81 ple 82 ple 83 ple 84 ple 85 ple 86 HFO-1132(E) Mass %39.0 42.0 30.0 33.0 36.0 26.0 29.0 32.0 R32 Mass % 3.0 3.0 6.0 6.0 6.09.0 9.0 9.0 R1234yf Mass % 58.0 55.0 64.0 61.0 58.0 65.0 62.0 59.0 GWP —23 23 43 43 43 64 64 63 COP Ratio %(relative 101.1 100.9 101.5 101.3101.0 101.6 101.3 101.1 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 72.7 74.470.5 72.2 73.9 71.0 72.8 74.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 136 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple87 ple 88 ple 89 ple 90 ple 91 ple 92 ple 93 ple 94 HFO-1132(E) Mass %21.0 24.0 27.0 30.0 16.0 19.0 22.0 25.0 R32 Mass % 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.015.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 R1234yf Mass % 67.0 64.0 61.0 58.0 69.0 66.0 63.060.0 GWP — 84 84 84 84 104 104 104 104 COP Ratio %(relative 101.8 101.5101.2 101.0 102.1 101.8 101.4 101.2 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative70.8 72.6 74.3 76.0 70.4 72.3 74.0 75.8 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 137 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple95 ple 96 ple 97 ple 98 ple 99 ple 100 ple 101 ple 102 HFO-1132(E) Mass% 28.0 12.0 15.0 18.0 21.0 24.0 27.0 25.0 R32 Mass % 15.0 18.0 18.0 18.018.0 18.0 18.0 21.0 R1234yf Mass % 57.0 70.0 67.0 64.0 61.0 58.0 55.054.0 GWP — 104 124 124 124 124 124 124 144 COP Ratio %(relative 100.9102.2 101.9 101.6 101.3 101.0 100.7 100.7 to R410A) Refrigerating%(relative 77.5 70.5 72.4 74.2 76.0 77.7 79.4 80.7 Capacity Ratio toR410A)

TABLE 138 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple103 ple 104 ple 105 ple 106 ple 107 ple 108 ple 109 ple 110 HFO-1132(E)Mass % 21.0 24.0 17.0 20.0 23.0 13.0 16.0 19.0 R32 Mass % 24.0 24.0 27.027.0 27.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 R1234yf Mass % 55.0 52.0 56.0 53.0 50.0 57.054.0 51.0 GWP — 164 164 185 185 184 205 205 205 COP Ratio %(relative100.9 100.6 101.1 100.8 100.6 101.3 101.0 100.8 to R410A) Refrigerating%(relative 80.8 82.5 80.8 82.5 84.2 80.7 82.5 84.2 Capacity Ratio toR410A)

TABLE 139 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple111 ple 112 ple 113 ple 114 ple 115 ple 116 ple 117 ple 118 HFO-1132(E)Mass % 22.0 9.0 12.0 15.0 18.0 21.0 8.0 12.0 R32 Mass % 30.0 33.0 33.033.0 33.0 33.0 36.0 36.0 R1234yf Mass % 48.0 58.0 55.0 52.0 49.0 46.056.0 52.0 GWP — 205 225 225 225 225 225 245 245 COP Ratio %(relative100.5 101.6 101.3 101.0 100.8 100.5 101.6 101.2 to R410A) Refrigerating%(relative 85.9 80.5 82.3 84.1 85.8 87.5 82.0 84.4 Capacity Ratio toR410A)

TABLE 140 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple119 ple 120 ple 121 ple 122 ple 123 ple 124 ple 125 ple 126 HFO-1132(E)Mass % 15.0 18.0 21.0 42.0 39.0 34.0 37.0 30.0 R32 Mass % 36.0 36.0 36.025.0 28.0 31.0 31.0 34.0 R1234yf Mass % 49.0 46.0 43.0 33.0 33.0 35.032.0 36.0 GWP — 245 245 245 170 191 211 211 231 COP Ratio % (relative101.0 100.7 100.5 99.5 99.5 99.8 99.6 99.9 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 86.2 87.9 89.6 92.7 93.4 93.0 94.5 93.0 Capacity Ratio toR410A)

TABLE 141 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple127 ple 128 ple 129 ple 130 ple 131 ple 132 ple 133 ple 134 HFO-1132(E)Mass % 33.0 36.0 24.0 27.0 30.0 33.0 23.0 26.0 R32 Mass % 34.0 34.0 37.037.0 37.0 37.0 40.0 40.0 R1234yf Mass % 33.0 30.0 39.0 36.0 33.0 30.037.0 34.0 GWP — 231 231 252 251 251 251 272 272 COP Ratio % (relative99.8 99.6 100.3 100.1 99.9 99.8 100.4 100.2 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 94.5 96.0 91.9 93.4 95.0 96.5 93.3 94.9 Capacity Ratio toR410A)

TABLE 142 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple135 ple 136 ple 137 ple 138 ple 139 ple 140 ple 141 ple 142 HFO-1132(E)Mass % 29.0 32.0 19.0 22.0 25.0 28.0 31.0 18.0 R32 Mass % 40.0 40.0 43.043.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 46.0 R1234yf Mass % 31.0 28.0 38.0 35.0 32.0 29.026.0 36.0 GWP — 272 271 292 292 292 292 292 312 COP Ratio %(relative100.0 99.8 100.6 100.4 100.2 100.1 99.9 100.7 to R410A) Refrigerating%(relative 96.4 97.9 93.1 94.7 96.2 97.8 99.3 94.4 Capacity Ratio toR410A)

TABLE 143 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple143 ple 144 ple 145 ple 146 ple 147 ple 148 ple 149 ple 150 HFO-1132(E)Mass % 21.0 23.0 26.0 29.0 13.0 16.0 19.0 22.0 R32 Mass % 46.0 46.0 46.046.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 R1234yf Mass % 33.0 31.0 28.0 25.0 38.0 35.032.0 29.0 GWP — 312 312 312 312 332 332 332 332 COP Ratio % (relative100.5 100.4 100.2 100.0 101.1 100.9 100.7 100.5 to R410A) Refrigerating% (relative 96.0 97.0 98.6 100.1 93.5 95.1 96.7 98.3 Capacity Ratio toR410A)

TABLE 144 Item Unit Example 151 Example 152 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 25.0 28.0R32 Mass % 49.0 49.0 R1234yf Mass % 26.0 23.0 GWP — 332 332 COP Ratio%(relative 100.3 100.1 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 99.8 101.3Capacity Ratio to R410A)

The results also indicate that under the condition that the mass % ofHFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, when coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segmentsIJ, JN, NE, and EI that connect the following 4 points:

point I (72.0, 0.0, 28.0),point J (48.5, 18.3, 33.2),point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), andpoint E (58.3, 0.0, 41.7),or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segment EI),

the line segment IJ is represented by coordinates(0.0236y²−1.7616y+72.0, y, −0.0236y²+0.7616y+28.0),

the line segment NE is represented by coordinates (0.012y²−1.9003y+58.3,y, −0.012y²+0.9003y+41.7), and

the line segments JN and EI are straight lines, the refrigerant D has arefrigerating capacity ratio of 80% or more relative to R410A, a GWP of125 or less, and a WCF lower flammability.

The results also indicate that under the condition that the mass % ofHFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, when coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segmentsMM′, M′N, NV, VG, and GM that connect the following 5 points:

point M (52.6, 0.0, 47.4),point M′ (39.2, 5.0, 55.8),point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1),point V (11.0, 18.1, 70.9), andpoint G (39.6, 0.0, 60.4),or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segment GM),

the line segment MM′ is represented by coordinates (0.132y²−3.34y+52.6,y, −0.132y²+2.34y+47.4),

the line segment M′N is represented by coordinates(0.0596y²−2.2541y+48.98, y, −0.0596y²+1.2541y+51.02),

the line segment VG is represented by coordinates(0.0123y²−1.8033y+39.6, y, −0.0123y²+0.8033y+60.4), and

the line segments NV and GM are straight lines, the refrigerant Daccording to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratioof 70% or more relative to R410A, a GWP of 125 or less, and an ASHRAElower flammability.

The results also indicate that under the condition that the mass % ofHFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, when coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segmentsON, NU, and UO that connect the following 3 points:

Point O (22.6, 36.8, 40.6),

point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), andpoint U (3.9, 36.7, 59.4),or on these line segments,

the line segment ON is represented by coordinates(0.0072y²−0.6701y+37.512, y, −0.0072y²−0.3299y+62.488),

the line segment NU is represented by coordinates(0.0083y²−1.7403y+56.635, y, −0.0083y²+0.7403y+43.365), and

the line segment UO is a straight line, the refrigerant D according tothe present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 80% or morerelative to R410A, a GWP of 250 or less, and an ASHRAE lowerflammability.

The results also indicate that under the condition that the mass % ofHFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, when coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segmentsQR, RT, TL, LK, and KQ that connect the following 5 points:

point Q (44.6, 23.0, 32.4),point R (25.5, 36.8, 37.7),point T (8.6, 51.6, 39.8),point L (28.9, 51.7, 19.4), andpoint K (35.6, 36.8, 27.6),or on these line segments,

the line segment QR is represented by coordinates(0.0099y²−1.975y+84.765, y, −0.0099y²+0.975y+15.235),

the line segment RT is represented by coordinates(0.0082y²−1.8683y+83.126, y, −0.0082y²+0.8683y+16.874),

the line segment LK is represented by coordinates(0.0049y²−0.8842y+61.488, y, −0.0049y²−0.1158y+38.512),

the line segment KQ is represented by coordinates(0.0095y²−1.2222y+67.676, y, −0.0095y²+0.2222y+32.324), and

the line segment TL is a straight line, the refrigerant D according tothe present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 92.5% ormore relative to R410A, a GWP of 350 or less, and a WCF lowerflammability.

The results further indicate that under the condition that the mass % ofHFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, when coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segmentsPS, ST, and TP that connect the following 3 points:

point P (20.5, 51.7, 27.8),point S (21.9, 39.7, 38.4), andpoint T (8.6, 51.6, 39.8),or on these line segments,

the line segment PS is represented by coordinates(0.0064y²−0.7103y+40.1, y, −0.0064y²−0.2897y+59.9),

the line segment ST is represented by coordinates(0.0082y²−1.8683y+83.126, y, −0.0082y²+0.8683y+16.874), and

the line segment TP is a straight line, the refrigerant D according tothe present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 92.5% ormore relative to R410A, a GWP of 350 or less, and an ASHRAE lowerflammability.

(5-5) Refrigerant E

The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is a mixedrefrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)),trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and difluoromethane (R32).

The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure has variousproperties that are desirable as an R410A-alternative refrigerant, i.e.,a coefficient of performance equivalent to that of R410A and asufficiently low GWP.

The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments IK, KB′, B′H, HR, RG, and GI that connect the following 6points:

point I (72.0, 28.0, 0.0),point K (48.4, 33.2, 18.4),point B′ (0.0, 81.6, 18.4),point H (0.0, 84.2, 15.8),point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), andpoint G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0),or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segments B′Hand GI);

the line segment IK is represented by coordinates

(0.025z²−1.7429z+72.00, −0.025z²+0.7429z+28.0, z),

the line segment HR is represented by coordinates

(−0.3123z²+4.234z+11.06, 0.3123z²−5.234z+88.94, z),

the line segment RG is represented by coordinates

(−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and

the line segments KB′ and GI are straight lines. When the requirementsabove are satisfied, the refrigerant according to the present disclosurehas WCF lower flammability, a COP ratio of 93% or more relative to thatof R410A, and a GWP of 125 or less.

The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments IJ, JR, RG, and GI that connect the following 4 points:

point I (72.0, 28.0, 0.0),point J (57.7, 32.8, 9.5),point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), andpoint G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0),or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segment GI);

the line segment IJ is represented by coordinates

(0.025z²−1.7429z+72.0, −0.025z²+0.7429z+28.0, z),

the line segment RG is represented by coordinates

(−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and

the line segments JR and GI are straight lines. When the requirementsabove are satisfied, the refrigerant according to the present disclosurehas WCF lower flammability, a COP ratio of 93% or more relative to thatof R410A, and a GWP of 125 or less.

The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments MP, PB′, B′H, HR, RG, and GM that connect the following 6points:

point M (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),point P (31.8, 49.8, 18.4),point B′ (0.0, 81.6, 18.4),point H (0.0, 84.2, 15.8),point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), andpoint G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0),or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segments B′Hand GM);

the line segment MP is represented by coordinates

(0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z),

the line segment HR is represented by coordinates

(−0.3123z²+4.234z+11.06, 0.3123z²−5.234z+88.94, z),

the line segment RG is represented by coordinates

(−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and

the line segments PB′ and GM are straight lines. When the requirementsabove are satisfied, the refrigerant according to the present disclosurehas ASHRAE lower flammability, a COP ratio of 93% or more relative tothat of R410A, and a GWP of 125 or less.

The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments MN, NR, RG, and GM that connect the following 4 points:

point M (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),point N (38.5, 52.1, 9.5),point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), andpoint G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0),or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segment GM);

the line segment MN is represented by coordinates

(0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z),

the line segment RG is represented by coordinates

(−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z),

the line segments NR and GM are straight lines. When the requirementsabove are satisfied, the refrigerant according to the present disclosurehas ASHRAE lower flammability, a COP ratio of 93% or more relative tothat of R410A, and a GWP of 65 or less.

The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments PS, ST, and TP that connect the following 3 points:

point P (31.8, 49.8, 18.4),point S (25.4, 56.2, 18.4), andpoint T (34.8, 51.0, 14.2),or on these line segments;

the line segment ST is represented by coordinates

(−0.0982z²+0.9622z+40.931, 0.0982z²−1.9622z+59.069, z),

the line segment TP is represented by coordinates

(0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z), and

the line segment PS is a straight line. When the requirements above aresatisfied, the refrigerant according to the present disclosure hasASHRAE lower flammability, a COP ratio of 94.5% or more relative to thatof R410A, and a GWP of 125 or less.

The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments QB″, B″D, DU, and UQ that connect the following 4 points:

point Q (28.6, 34.4, 37.0),point B″ (0.0, 63.0, 37.0),point D (0.0, 67.0, 33.0), andpoint U (28.7, 41.2, 30.1),or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segmentB″D);

the line segment DU is represented by coordinates

(−3.4962z²+210.71z−3146.1, 3.4962z²−211.71z+3246.1, z),

the line segment UQ is represented by coordinates

(0.0135z²−0.9181z+44.133, −0.0135z²−0.0819z+55.867, z), and

the line segments QB″ and B″D are straight lines. When the requirementsabove are satisfied, the refrigerant according to the present disclosurehas ASHRAE lower flammability, a COP ratio of 96% or more relative tothat of R410A, and a GWP of 250 or less.

The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments Oc′, c′d′, d′e′, e′a′, and a′0 that connect the following5 points:

point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),point c′ (56.7, 43.3, 0.0),point d′ (52.2, 38.3, 9.5),point e′ (41.8, 39.8, 18.4), andpoint a′ (81.6, 0.0, 18.4),or on the line segments c′d′, d′e′, and e′a′ (excluding the points c′and a′);

the line segment c′d′ is represented by coordinates

(−0.0297z²−0.1915z+56.7, 0.0297z²+1.1915z+43.3, z),

the line segment d′e′ is represented by coordinates

(−0.0535z²+0.3229z+53.957, 0.0535z²+0.6771z+46.043, z), and

the line segments Oc′, e′a′, and a′O are straight lines. When therequirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to thepresent disclosure has a COP ratio of 92.5% or more relative to that ofR410A, and a GWP of 125 or less.

The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments Oc, cd, de, ea′, and a′O that connect the following 5points:

point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),point c (77.7, 22.3, 0.0),point d (76.3, 14.2, 9.5),point e (72.2, 9.4, 18.4), andpoint a′ (81.6, 0.0, 18.4),or on the line segments cd, de, and ea′ (excluding the points c and a′);

the line segment cde is represented by coordinates

(−0.017z²+0.0148z+77.684, 0.017z²+0.9852z+22.316, z), and

the line segments Oc, ea′, and a′O are straight lines. When therequirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to thepresent disclosure has a COP ratio of 95% or more relative to that ofR410A, and a GWP of 125 or less.

The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments Oc′, c′d′, d′a, and aO that connect the following 5points:

point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),point c′ (56.7, 43.3, 0.0),point d′ (52.2, 38.3, 9.5), andpoint a (90.5, 0.0, 9.5),or on the line segments c′d′ and d′a (excluding the points c′ and a);

the line segment c′d′ is represented by coordinates

(−0.0297z²−0.1915z+56.7, 0.0297z²+1.1915z+43.3, z), and

the line segments Oc′, d′a, and aO are straight lines. When therequirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to thepresent disclosure has a COP ratio of 93.5% or more relative to that ofR410A, and a GWP of 65 or less.

The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is preferably arefrigerant wherein

when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments Oc, cd, da, and aO that connect the following 4 points:

point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),point c (77.7, 22.3, 0.0),point d (76.3, 14.2, 9.5), andpoint a (90.5, 0.0, 9.5),or on the line segments cd and da (excluding the points c and a);

the line segment cd is represented by coordinates

×(−0.017z²+0.0148z+77.684, 0.017z²+0.9852z+22.316, z), and

the line segments Oc, da, and aO are straight lines. When therequirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to thepresent disclosure has a COP ratio of 95% or more relative to that ofR410A, and a GWP of 65 or less.

The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure may furthercomprise other additional refrigerants in addition to HFO-1132(E),HFO-1123, and R32, as long as the above properties and effects are notimpaired. In this respect, the refrigerant according to the presentdisclosure preferably comprises HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 in atotal amount of 99.5 mass % or more, more preferably 99.75 mass % ormore, and even more preferably 99.9 mass % or more, based on the entirerefrigerant.

Such additional refrigerants are not limited, and can be selected from awide range of refrigerants. The mixed refrigerant may comprise a singleadditional refrigerant, or two or more additional refrigerants.

(Examples of Refrigerant E)

The present disclosure is described in more detail below with referenceto Examples of refrigerant E. However, the refrigerant E is not limitedto the Examples.

Mixed refrigerants were prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, andR32 at mass % based on their sum shown in Tables 145 and 146.

The composition of each mixture was defined as WCF. A leak simulationwas performed using National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST)Standard Reference Data Base Refleak Version 4.0 under the conditionsfor equipment, storage, shipping, leak, and recharge according to theASHRAE Standard 34-2013. The most flammable fraction was defined asWCFF.

For each mixed refrigerant, the burning velocity was measured accordingto the ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2013. When the burning velocities of theWCF composition and the WCFF composition are 10 cm/s or less, theflammability of such a refrigerant is classified as Class 2L (lowerflammability) in the ASHRAE flammability classification.

A burning velocity test was performed using the apparatus shown in FIG.1 in the following manner. First, the mixed refrigerants used had apurity of 99.5% or more, and were degassed by repeating a cycle offreezing, pumping, and thawing until no traces of air were observed onthe vacuum gauge. The burning velocity was measured by the closedmethod. The initial temperature was ambient temperature. Ignition wasperformed by generating an electric spark between the electrodes in thecenter of a sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0 to 9.9ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 to 1.0 J. The spreadof the flame was visualized using schlieren photographs. A cylindricalcontainer (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with twolight transmission acrylic windows was used as the sample cell, and axenon lamp was used as the light source. Schlieren images of the flamewere recorded by a high-speed digital video camera at a frame rate of600 fps and stored on a PC.

Tables 145 and 146 show the results.

TABLE 145 Item Unit I J K L WCF HFO-1132(E) mass % 72.0 57.7 48.4 35.5HFO-1123 mass % 28.0 32.8 33.2 27.5 R32 mass % 0.0 9.5 18.4 37.0 Burningvelocity (WCF) cm/s 10 10 10 10

TABLE 146 Item Unit M N T P U Q WCF HFO-1132(E) mass % 47.1 38.5 34.831.8 28.7 28.6 HFO-1123 mass % 52.9 52.1 51.0 49.8 41.2 34.4 R32 mass %0.0 9.5 14.2 18.4 30.1 37.0 Leak condition that Storage, Storage,Storage, Storage, Storage, Storage, results in WCFF Shipping, −40°Shipping, −40° Shipping, −40° Shipping, −40° Shipping, −40° Shipping,−40° C., 92%, C., 92%, C., 92%, C., 92%, C., 92%, C., 92%, release, onrelease, on release, on release, on release, on release, on the liquidthe liquid the liquid the liquid the liquid the liquid phase side phaseside phase side phase side phase side phase side WCFF HFO-1132(E) mass %72.0 58.9 51.5 44.6 31.4 27.1 HFO-1123 mass % 28.0 32.4 33.1 32.6 23.218.3 R32 mass % 0.0 8.7 15.4 22.8 45.4 54.6 Burning velocity (WCF) cm/s8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less Burningvelocity (WCFF) cm/s 10 10 10   10   10   10  

The results in Table 1 indicate that in a ternary composition diagram ofa mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 in which their sumis 100 mass %, a line segment connecting a point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) and apoint (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is the base, the point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) is onthe left side, and the point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is on the right side,when coordinates (x,y,z) are on or below line segments IK and KL thatconnect the following 3 points:

point I (72.0, 28.0, 0.0),point K (48.4, 33.2, 18.4), andpoint L (35.5, 27.5, 37.0);the line segment IK is represented by coordinates(0.025z²−1.7429z+72.00, −0.025z²+0.7429z+28.00, z), andthe line segment KL is represented by coordinates(0.0098z²−1.238z+67.852, −0.0098z²+0.238z+32.148, z),it can be determined that the refrigerant has WCF lower flammability.

For the points on the line segment 1K, an approximate curve(x=0.025z²−1.7429z+72.00) was obtained from three points, i.e., I (72.0,28.0, 0.0), J (57.7, 32.8, 9.5), and K (48.4, 33.2, 18.4) by using theleast-square method to determine coordinates (x=0.025z²−1.7429z+72.00,y=100−z−x=−0.00922z²+0.2114z+32.443, z).

Likewise, for the points on the line segment KL, an approximate curvewas determined from three points, i.e., K (48.4, 33.2, 18.4), Example 10(41.1, 31.2, 27.7), and L (35.5, 27.5, 37.0) by using the least-squaremethod to determine coordinates.

The results in Table 146 indicate that in a ternary composition diagramof a mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 in which theirsum is 100 mass %, a line segment connecting a point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0)and a point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is the base, the point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0)is on the left side, and the point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is on the rightside, when coordinates (x,y,z) are on or below line segments MP and PQthat connect the following 3 points:

point M (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),point P (31.8, 49.8, 18.4), andpoint Q (28.6, 34.4, 37.0),it can be determined that the refrigerant has ASHRAE lower flammability.

In the above, the line segment MP is represented by coordinates(0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z), and the line segmentPQ is represented by coordinates

(0.0135z²−0.9181z+44.133, −0.0135z²−0.0819z+55.867, z).

For the points on the line segment MP, an approximate curve was obtainedfrom three points, i.e., points M, N, and P, by using the least-squaremethod to determine coordinates. For the points on the line segment PQ,an approximate curve was obtained from three points, i.e., points P, U,and Q, by using the least-square method to determine coordinates.

The GWP of compositions each comprising a mixture of R410A(R32=50%/R125=50%) was evaluated based on the values stated in theIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), fourth report. The GWPof HFO-1132(E), which was not stated therein, was assumed to be 1 fromHFO-1132a (GWP=1 or less) and HFO-1123 (GWP=0.3, described in PatentLiterature 1). The refrigerating capacity of compositions eachcomprising R410A and a mixture of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 wasdetermined by performing theoretical refrigeration cycle calculationsfor the mixed refrigerants using the National Institute of Science andTechnology (NIST) and Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and TransportProperties Database (Refprop 9.0) under the following conditions.

The COP ratio and the refrigerating capacity (which may be referred toas “cooling capacity” or “capacity”) ratio relative to those of R410 ofthe mixed refrigerants were determined. The conditions for calculationwere as described below.

Evaporating temperature: 5° C.Condensation temperature: 45° C.Degree of superheating: 5KDegree of subcooling: 5KCompressor efficiency: 70%

Tables 147 to 166 show these values together with the GWP of each mixedrefrigerant.

TABLE 147 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative ComparativeComparative Comparative Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example6 Example 7 Item Unit Example 1 A B A′ B′ A″ B″ HFO-1132(E) mass % R410A90.5 0.0 81.6 0.0 63.0 0.0 HFO-1123 mass % 0.0 90.5 0.0 81.6 0.0 63.0R32 mass % 9.5 9.5 18.4 18.4 37.0 37.0 GWP — 2088 65 65 125 125 250 250COP ratio % (relative 100 99.1 92.0 98.7 93.4 98.7 96.1 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 100 102.2 111.6 105.3 113.7 110.0 115.4capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 148 Comparative Comparative Exam- Comparative Example 8 Example 9Comparative ple 1 Exam- Example 11 Item Unit O C Example 10 U ple 2 DHFO-1132(E) mass % 100.0 50.0 41.1 28.7 15.2 0.0 HFO-1123 mass % 0.031.6 34.6 41.2 52.7 67.0 R32 mass % 0.0 18.4 24.3 30.1 32.1 33.0 GWP — 1125 165 204 217 228 COP ratio % (relative 99.7 96.0 96.0 96.0 96.0 96.0to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 98.3 109.9 111.7 113.5 114.8 115.4capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 149 Comparative Exam- Exam- Comparative Example 12 Comparative ple3 ple 4 Example 14 Item Unit E Example 13 T S F HFO-1132(E) mass % 53.443.4 34.8 25.4 0.0 HFO-1123 mass % 46.6 47.1 51.0 56.2 74.1 R32 mass %0.0 9.5 14.2 18.4 25.9 GWP — 1 65 97 125 176 COP ratio % (relative 94.594.5 94.5 94.5 94.5 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 105.6 109.2110.8 112.3 114.8 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 150 Comparative Exam- Comparative Example 15 Exam- ple 6 Exam-Example 16 Item Unit G ple 5 R ple 7 H HFO-1132(E) mass % 38.5 31.5 23.116.9 0.0 HFO-1123 mass % 61.5 63.5 67.4 71.1 84.2 R32 mass % 0.0 5.0 9.512.0 15.8 GWP — 1 35 65 82 107 COP ratio % (relative 93.0 93.0 93.0 93.093.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 107.0 109.1 110.9 111.9 113.2capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 151 Comparative Exam- Exam- Comparative Example 17 ple 8 ple 9Comparative Example 19 Item Unit I J K Example 18 L HFO-1132(E) mass %72.0 57.7 48.4 41.1 35.5 HFO-1123 mass % 28.0 32.8 33.2 31.2 27.5 R32mass % 0.0 9.5 18.4 27.7 37.0 GWP — 1 65 125 188 250 COP ratio %(relative 96.6 95.8 95.9 96.4 97.1 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative103.1 107.4 110.1 112.1 113.2 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 152 Comparative Exam- Exam- Exam- Example 20 ple 10 ple 11 ple 12Item Unit M N P Q HFO-1132(E) mass % 47.1 38.5 31.8 28.6 HFO-1123 mass %52.9 52.1 49.8 34.4 R32 mass % 0.0 9.5 18.4 37.0 GWP — 1 65 125 250 COPratio % (relative 93.9 94.1 94.7 96.9 to R410A) Refrigerating %(relative 106.2 109.7 112.0 114.1 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 153 Comparative Comparative Comparative Exam- Exam- Exam-Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 22 Example 23 Example 24 ple14 ple 15 ple 16 Example 25 Example 26 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.040.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 HFO-1123 mass % 85.0 75.0 65.0 55.0 45.0 35.025.0 15.0 R32 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP — 35 35 35 3535 35 35 35 COP ratio % (relative 91.7 92.2 92.9 93.7 94.6 95.6 96.797.7 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 110.1 109.8 109.2 108.4 107.4106.1 104.7 103.1 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 154 Comparative Comparative Comparative Exam- Exam- Exam-Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 27 Example 28 Example 29 ple17 ple 18 ple 19 Example 30 Example 31 HFO-1132(E) mass % 90.0 10.0 20.030.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 HFO-1123 mass % 5.0 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.030.0 20.0 R32 mass % 5.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 GWP — 35 6868 68 68 68 68 68 COP ratio % (relative 98.8 92.4 92.9 93.5 94.3 95.196.1 97.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 101.4 111.7 111.3 110.6109.6 108.5 107.2 105.7 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 155 Comparative Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- ComparativeComparative Item Unit Example 32 ple 20 ple 21 ple 22 ple 23 ple 24Example 33 Example 34 HFO-1132(E) mass % 80.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.060.0 70.0 HFO-1123 mass % 10.0 75.0 65.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 R32mass % 10.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 GWP — 68 102 102 102 102102 102 102 COP ratio % (relative 98.0 93.1 93.6 94.2 94.9 95.6 96.597.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 104.1 112.9 112.4 111.6 110.6109.4 108.1 106.6 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 156 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative ComparativeComparative Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 35 Example 36Example 37 Example 38 Example 39 Example 40 Example 41 Example 42HFO-1132(E) mass % 80.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 HFO-1123 mass% 5.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 R32 mass % 15.0 20.0 20.0 20.020.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 GWP — 102 136 136 136 136 136 136 136 COP ratio %(relative 98.3 93.9 94.3 94.8 95.4 96.2 97.0 97.8 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 105.0 113.8 113.2 112.4 111.4 110.2 108.8107.3 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 157 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative ComparativeComparative Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 43 Example 44Example 45 Example 46 Example 47 Example 48 Example 49 Example 50HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 10.0 HFO-1123 mass% 65.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 5.0 60.0 R32 mass % 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.025.0 25.0 25.0 30.0 GWP — 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 203 COP ratio %(relative 94.6 94.9 95.4 96.0 96.7 97.4 98.2 95.3 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 114.4 113.8 113.0 111.9 110.7 109.4 107.9114.8 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 158 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative ComparativeExam- Exam- Comparative Item Unit Example 51 Example 52 Example 53Example 54 Example 55 ple 25 ple 26 Example 56 HFO-1132(E) mass % 20.030.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 HFO-1123 mass % 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.010.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 R32 mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 35.0GWP — 203 203 203 203 203 237 237 237 COP ratio % (relative 95.6 96.096.6 97.2 97.9 96.0 96.3 96.6 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 114.2113.4 112.4 111.2 109.8 115.1 114.5 113.6 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 159 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative ComparativeComparative Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 57 Example 58Example 59 Example 60 Example 61 Example 62 Example 63 Example 64HFO-1132(E) mass % 40.0 50.0 60.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 HFO-1123 mass% 25.0 15.0 5.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 R32 mass % 35.0 35.0 35.0 40.040.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 GWP — 237 237 237 271 271 271 271 271 COP ratio %(relative 97.1 97.7 98.3 96.6 96.9 97.2 97.7 98.2 to R410A)Refrigerating % (relative 112.6 111.5 110.2 115.1 114.6 113.8 112.8111.7 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 160 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple27 ple 28 ple 29 ple 30 ple 31 ple 32 ple 33 ple 34 HFO-1132(E) mass %38.0 40.0 42.0 44.0 35.0 37.0 39.0 41.0 HFO-1123 mass % 60.0 58.0 56.054.0 61.0 59.0 57.0 55.0 R32 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP— 14 14 14 14 28 28 28 28 COP ratio % (relative 93.2 93.4 93.6 93.7 93.293.3 93.5 93.7 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 107.7 107.5 107.3107.2 108.6 108.4 108.2 108.0 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 161 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple35 ple 36 ple 37 ple 38 ple 39 ple 40 ple 41 ple 42 HFO-1132(E) mass %43.0 31.0 33.0 35.0 37.0 39.0 41.0 27.0 HFO-1123 mass % 53.0 63.0 61.059.0 57.0 55.0 53.0 65.0 R32 mass % 4.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 8.0 GWP— 28 41 41 41 41 41 41 55 COP ratio % (relative 93.9 93.1 93.2 93.4 93.693.7 93.9 93.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 107.8 109.5 109.3109.1 109.0 108.8 108.6 110.3 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 162 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple43 ple 44 ple 45 ple 46 ple 47 ple 48 ple 49 ple 50 HFO-1132(E) mass %29.0 31.0 33.0 35.0 37.0 39.0 32.0 32.0 HFO-1123 mass % 63.0 61.0 59.057.0 55.0 53.0 51.0 50.0 R32 mass % 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 17.0 18.0GWP — 55 55 55 55 55 55 116 122 COP ratio % (relative 93.2 93.3 93.593.6 93.8 94.0 94.5 94.7 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 110.1 110.0109.8 109.6 109.5 109.3 111.8 111.9 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 163 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple51 ple 52 ple 53 ple 54 ple 55 ple 56 ple 57 ple 58 HFO-1132(E) mass %30.0 27.0 21.0 23.0 25.0 27.0 11.0 13.0 HFO-1123 mass % 52.0 42.0 46.044.0 42.0 40.0 54.0 52.0 R32 mass % 18.0 31.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 35.035.0 GWP — 122 210 223 223 223 223 237 237 COP ratio % (relative 94.596.0 96.0 96.1 96.2 96.3 96.0 96.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative112.1 113.7 114.3 114.2 114.0 113.8 115.0 114.9 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 164 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple59 ple 60 ple 61 ple 62 ple 63 ple 64 ple 65 ple 66 HFO-1132(E) mass %15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0 23.0 25.0 27.0 11.0 HFO-1123 mass % 50.0 48.0 46.044.0 42.0 40.0 38.0 52.0 R32 mass % 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.037.0 GWP — 237 237 237 237 237 237 237 250 COP ratio % (relative 96.196.2 96.2 96.3 96.4 96.4 96.5 96.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative114.8 114.7 114.5 114.4 114.2 114.1 113.9 115.1 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 165 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple67 ple 68 ple 69 ple 70 ple 71 ple 72 ple 73 ple 74 HFO-1132(E) mass %13.0 15.0 17.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0 23.0 HFO-1123 mass % 50.0 48.0 46.050.0 48.0 46.0 44.0 42.0 R32 mass % 37.0 37.0 37.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0GWP — 250 250 250 237 237 237 237 237 COP ratio % (relative 96.3 96.496.4 96.1 96.2 96.2 96.3 96.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 115.0114.9 114.7 114.8 114.7 114.5 114.4 114.2 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 166 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Item Unit ple75 ple 76 ple 77 ple 78 ple 79 ple 80 ple 81 ple 82 HFO-1132(E) mass %25.0 27.0 11.0 19.0 21.0 23.0 25.0 27.0 HFO-1123 mass % 40.0 38.0 52.044.0 42.0 40.0 38.0 36.0 R32 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0GWP — 237 237 250 250 250 250 250 250 COP ratio % (relative 96.4 96.596.2 96.5 96.5 96.6 96.7 96.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 114.1113.9 115.1 114.6 114.5 114.3 114.1 114.0 capacity ratio to R410A)

The above results indicate that under the condition that the mass % ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, when coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32is 100 mass %, a line segment connecting a point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) and apoint (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is the base, and the point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) ison the left side are within the range of a figure surrounded by linesegments that connect the following 4 points:

point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),point A″ (63.0, 0.0, 37.0),point B″ (0.0, 63.0, 37.0), andpoint (0.0, 100.0, 0.0),or on these line segments,the refrigerant has a GWP of 250 or less.

The results also indicate that when coordinates (x,y,z) are within therange of a figure surrounded by line segments that connect the following4 points:

point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),point A′ (81.6, 0.0, 18.4),point B′ (0.0, 81.6, 18.4), andpoint (0.0, 100.0, 0.0),or on these line segments,the refrigerant has a GWP of 125 or less.

The results also indicate that when coordinates (x,y,z) are within therange of a figure surrounded by line segments that connect the following4 points:

point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),point A (90.5, 0.0, 9.5),point B (0.0, 90.5, 9.5), andpoint (0.0, 100.0, 0.0),or on these line segments,the refrigerant has a GWP of 65 or less.

The results also indicate that when coordinates (x,y,z) are on the leftside of line segments that connect the following 3 points:

point C (50.0, 31.6, 18.4),point U (28.7, 41.2, 30.1), andpoint D (52.2, 38.3, 9.5),or on these line segments,the refrigerant has a COP ratio of 96% or more relative to that ofR410A.

In the above, the line segment CU is represented by coordinates(−0.0538z²+0.7888z+53.701, 0.0538z²−1.7888z+46.299, z), and the linesegment UD is represented by coordinates

(−3.4962z²+210.71z−3146.1, 3.4962z²−211.71z+3246.1, z).

The points on the line segment CU are determined from three points,i.e., point

C, Comparative Example 10, and point U, by using the least-squaremethod.

The points on the line segment UD are determined from three points,i.e., point U, Example 2, and point D, by using the least-square method.

The results also indicate that when coordinates (x,y,z) are on the leftside of line segments that connect the following 3 points:

point E (55.2, 44.8, 0.0),point T (34.8, 51.0, 14.2), andpoint F (0.0, 76.7, 23.3),or on these line segments,the refrigerant has a COP ratio of 94.5% or more relative to that ofR410A.

In the above, the line segment ET is represented by coordinates(−0.0547z²−0.5327z+53.4, 0.0547z²−0.4673z+46.6, z), and the line segmentTF is represented by coordinates

(−0.0982z²+0.9622z+40.931, 0.0982z²−1.9622z+59.069, z).

The points on the line segment ET are determined from three points,i.e., point E, Example 2, and point T, by using the least-square method.

The points on the line segment TF are determined from three points,i.e., points T, S, and F, by using the least-square method.

The results also indicate that when coordinates (x,y,z) are on the leftside of line segments that connect the following 3 points:

point G (0.0, 76.7, 23.3),point R (21.0, 69.5, 9.5), andpoint H (0.0, 85.9, 14.1),or on these line segments,the refrigerant has a COP ratio of 93% or more relative to that ofR410A.

In the above, the line segment GR is represented by coordinates(−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and the line segmentRH is represented by coordinates

(−0.3123z²+4.234z+11.06, 0.3123z²−5.234z+88.94, z).

The points on the line segment GR are determined from three points,i.e., point G, Example 5, and point R, by using the least-square method.

The points on the line segment RH are determined from three points,i.e., point R, Example 7, and point H, by using the least-square method.

In contrast, as shown in, for example, Comparative Examples 8, 9, 13,15, 17, and 18, when R32 is not contained, the concentrations ofHFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123, which have a double bond, become relativelyhigh; this undesirably leads to deterioration, such as decomposition, orpolymerization in the refrigerant compound.

The embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, andit is understood that the embodiments and details can be modified invarious ways without departing from the idea and scope of the presentdisclosure described in the claims.

(6) First Embodiment

An air conditioning apparatus 1 serving as a refrigeration cycleapparatus according to a first embodiment is described below withreference to FIG. 16 which is a schematic configuration diagram of arefrigerant circuit and FIG. 17 which is a schematic control blockconfiguration diagram.

The air conditioning apparatus 1 is an apparatus that controls thecondition of air in a subject space by performing a vapor compressionrefrigeration cycle.

The air conditioning apparatus 1 mainly includes an outdoor unit 20, anindoor unit 30, a liquid-side connection pipe 6 and a gas-sideconnection pipe 5 that connect the outdoor unit 20 and the indoor unit30 to each other, a remote controller (not illustrated) serving as aninput device and an output device, and a controller 7 that controlsoperations of the air conditioning apparatus 1.

The air conditioning apparatus 1 performs a refrigeration cycle in whicha refrigerant enclosed in a refrigerant circuit 10 is compressed, cooledor condensed, decompressed, heated or evaporated, and then compressedagain. In the present embodiment, the refrigerant circuit 10 is filledwith a refrigerant for performing a vapor compression refrigerationcycle. The refrigerant is a refrigerant containing 1,2-difluoroethylene,and can use any one of the above-described refrigerants A to E. The airconditioning apparatus 1 provided with only one indoor unit 30 may have,for example, a rated cooling capacity of 2.0 kW or more and 17.0 kW orless. In particular, in the present embodiment provided with alow-pressure receiver 26 being a refrigerant container, the ratedcooling capacity is preferably 4.0 kW or more and 17.0 kW or less.

(6-1) Outdoor Unit 20

The outdoor unit 20 is connected to the indoor unit 30 via theliquid-side connection pipe 6 and the gas-side connection pipe 5, andconstitutes a part of the refrigerant circuit 10. The outdoor unit 20mainly includes a compressor 21, a four-way switching valve 22, anoutdoor heat exchanger 23, an outdoor expansion valve 24, an outdoor fan25, the low-pressure receiver 26, a liquid-side shutoff valve 29, and agas-side shutoff valve 28.

The compressor 21 is a device that compresses the refrigerant with a lowpressure in the refrigeration cycle until the refrigerant becomes ahigh-pressure refrigerant. In this case, a compressor having ahermetically sealed structure in which a compression element (notillustrated) of positive-displacement type, such as rotary type orscroll type, is rotationally driven by a compressor motor is used as thecompressor 21. The compressor motor is for changing the capacity, andhas an operational frequency that can be controlled by an inverter. Notethat the compressor 21 is provided with an additional accumulator (notillustrated) on the suction side.

The four-way switching valve 22, by switching the connection state, canswitch the state between a cooling operation connection state in whichthe discharge side of the compressor 21 is connected to the outdoor heatexchanger 23 and the suction side of the compressor 21 is connected tothe gas-side shutoff valve 28, and a heating operation connection statein which the discharge side of the compressor 21 is connected to thegas-side shutoff valve 28 and the suction side of the compressor 21 isconnected to the outdoor heat exchanger 23.

The outdoor heat exchanger 23 is a heat exchanger that functions as acondenser for the high-pressure refrigerant in the refrigeration cycleduring cooling operation and that functions as an evaporator for thelow-pressure refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle during heatingoperation. Note that, for the inner capacity (the volume of a fluid withwhich the inside can be filled) of the outdoor heat exchanger 23, whenthe refrigerant circuit 10 is provided with a refrigerant container (forexample, a low-pressure receiver or a high-pressure receiver, excludingthe accumulator belonging to the compressor) like the presentembodiment, the inner capacity is preferably 1.4 L or more and less than5.0 L. Moreover, like the present embodiment, for the inner capacity(the volume of a fluid with which the inside can be filled) of theoutdoor heat exchanger 23 included in a trunk outdoor unit 20 providedwith only one outdoor fan 25, the inner capacity is preferably 0.4 L ormore and less than 3.5 L.

The outdoor fan 25 sucks outdoor air into the outdoor unit 20, causesthe outdoor air to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the outdoorheat exchanger 23, and then generates an air flow to be discharged tothe outside. The outdoor fan 25 is rotationally driven by an outdoor fanmotor.

The valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 24 iscontrollable and the outdoor expansion valve 24 is provided between aliquid-side end portion of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 and theliquid-side shutoff valve 29.

The low-pressure receiver 26 is a container that is provided between oneof the connecting ports of the four-way switching valve 22 and thesuction side of the compressor 21 and that can store the refrigerant.

The liquid-side shutoff valve 29 is a manual valve disposed in aconnection portion of the outdoor unit 20 with respect to theliquid-side connection pipe 6.

The gas-side shutoff valve 28 is a manual valve disposed in a connectionportion of the outdoor unit 20 with respect to the gas-side connectionpipe 5.

The outdoor unit 20 includes an outdoor-unit control unit 27 thatcontrols operations of respective sections constituting the outdoor unit20. The outdoor-unit control unit 27 includes a microcomputer includinga CPU, a memory, and so forth. The outdoor-unit control unit 27 isconnected to an indoor-unit control unit 34 of each indoor unit 30 via acommunication line, and transmits and receives a control signal and soforth. The outdoor-unit control unit 27 is electrically connected tovarious sensors (not illustrated) and receives signals from therespective sensors.

(6-2) Indoor Unit 30

The indoor unit 30 is installed on a wall surface or a ceiling in a roomthat is a subject space. The indoor unit 30 is connected to the outdoorunit 20 via the liquid-side connection pipe 6 and the gas-sideconnection pipe 5, and constitutes a part of the refrigerant circuit 10.

The indoor unit 30 includes an indoor heat exchanger 31 and an indoorfan 32.

The liquid side of the indoor heat exchanger 31 is connected to theliquid-side connection pipe 6, and the gas-side end thereof is connectedto the gas-side connection pipe 5. The indoor heat exchanger 31 is aheat exchanger that functions as an evaporator for the low-pressurerefrigerant in the refrigeration cycle during cooling operation and thatfunctions as a condenser for the high-pressure refrigerant in therefrigeration cycle during heating operation.

The indoor fan 32 sucks indoor air into the indoor unit 30, causes theindoor air to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the indoor heatexchanger 31, and then generates an air flow to be discharged to theoutside. The indoor fan 32 is rotationally driven by an indoor fanmotor.

The indoor unit 30 includes an indoor-unit control unit 34 that controlsoperations of respective sections constituting the indoor unit 30. Theindoor-unit control unit 34 includes a microcomputer including a CPU, amemory, and so forth. The indoor-unit control unit 34 is connected tothe outdoor-unit control unit 27 via a communication line, and transmitsand receives a control signal and so forth.

The indoor-unit control unit 34 is electrically connected to varioussensors (not illustrated) provided in the indoor unit 30 and receivessignals from the respective sensors.

(6-3) Details of Controller 7

In the air conditioning apparatus 1, the outdoor-unit control unit 27 isconnected to the indoor-unit control unit 34 via the communication line,thereby constituting the controller 7 that controls operations of theair conditioning apparatus 1.

The controller 7 mainly includes a CPU (central processing unit) and amemory, such as a ROM or a RAM. Various processing and control by thecontroller 7 are provided when respective sections included in theoutdoor-unit control unit 27 and/or the indoor-unit control unit 34function together.

(6-4) Operating Modes

Operating modes are described below.

The operating modes include a cooling operating mode and a heatingoperating mode. The controller 7 determines whether the operating modeis the cooling operating mode or the heating operating mode and executesthe determined mode based on an instruction received from the remotecontroller or the like.

(6-4-1) Cooling Operating Mode

In the air conditioning apparatus 1, in the cooling operating mode, theconnection state of the four-way switching valve 22 is in the coolingoperation connection state in which the discharge side of the compressor21 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 and the suction side ofthe compressor 21 is connected to the gas-side shutoff valve 28, and therefrigerant filled in the refrigerant circuit 10 is circulated mainlysequentially in the compressor 21, the outdoor heat exchanger 23, theoutdoor expansion valve 24, and the indoor heat exchanger 31.

More specifically, in the refrigerant circuit 10, when the coolingoperating mode is started, the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor21, compressed, and then discharged.

The compressor 21 performs capacity control in accordance with a coolingload required for the indoor unit 30. The capacity control is notlimited and may be, for example, control in which a target value ofsuction pressure is set in accordance with the cooling load required forthe indoor unit 30, and the operating frequency of the compressor 21 iscontrolled such that the suction pressure becomes the target value.

The gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 passes through thefour-way switching valve 22 and flows into the gas-side end of theoutdoor heat exchanger 23.

The gas refrigerant which has flowed into the gas-side end of theoutdoor heat exchanger 23 exchanges heat with outdoor-side air suppliedby the outdoor fan 25, hence is condensed and turns into a liquidrefrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 23, and flows out from theliquid-side end of the outdoor heat exchanger 23.

The refrigerant which has flowed out from the liquid-side end of theoutdoor heat exchanger 23 is decompressed when passing through theoutdoor expansion valve 24. Note that the outdoor expansion valve 24 iscontrolled such that the degree of subcooling of the refrigerant flowingthrough the liquid-side outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 23satisfies a predetermined condition. The method of controlling the valveopening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 24 is not limited, and,for example, control may be performed such that the dischargetemperature of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 becomesa predetermined temperature, or the degree of superheating of therefrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 satisfies a predeterminedcondition.

The refrigerant decompressed at the outdoor expansion valve 24 passesthrough the liquid-side shutoff valve 29 and the liquid-side connectionpipe 6, and flows into the indoor unit 30.

The refrigerant which has flowed into the indoor unit 30 flows into theindoor heat exchanger 31; exchanges heat with the indoor air supplied bythe indoor fan 32, hence is evaporated, and turns into a gas refrigerantin the indoor heat exchanger 31; and flows out from the gas-side end ofthe indoor heat exchanger 31. The gas refrigerant which has flowed outfrom the gas-side end of the indoor heat exchanger 31 flows to thegas-side connection pipe 5.

The refrigerant which has flowed through the gas-side connection pipe 5passes through the gas-side shutoff valve 28 and the four-way switchingvalve 22, and is sucked into the compressor 21 again.

(6-4-2) Heating Operating Mode

In the air conditioning apparatus 1, in the heating operating mode, theconnection state of the four-way switching valve 22 is in the heatingoperation connection state in which the discharge side of the compressor21 is connected to the gas-side shutoff valve 28 and the suction side ofthe compressor 21 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 23, and therefrigerant filled in the refrigerant circuit 10 is circulated mainlysequentially in the compressor 21, the indoor heat exchanger 31, theoutdoor expansion valve 24, and the outdoor heat exchanger 23.

More specifically, in the refrigerant circuit 10, when the heatingoperating mode is started, the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor21, compressed, and then discharged.

The compressor 21 performs capacity control in accordance with a heatingload required for the indoor unit 30. The capacity control is notlimited and may be, for example, control in which a target value ofdischarge pressure is set in accordance with the heating load requiredfor the indoor unit 30, and the operating frequency of the compressor 21is controlled such that the discharge pressure becomes the target value.

The gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 flows through thefour-way switching valve 22 and the gas-side connection pipe 5, and thenflows into the indoor unit 30.

The refrigerant which has flowed into the indoor unit 30 flows into thegas-side end of the indoor heat exchanger 31; exchanges heat with theindoor air supplied by the indoor fan 32, hence is condensed, and turnsinto a refrigerant in a gas-liquid two-phase state or a liquidrefrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 31; and flows out from theliquid-side end of the indoor heat exchanger 31. The refrigerant whichhas flowed out from the liquid-side end of the indoor heat exchanger 31flows to the liquid-side connection pipe 6.

The refrigerant which has flowed through the liquid-side connection pipe6 is decompressed to a low pressure in the refrigeration cycle at theliquid-side shutoff valve 29 and the outdoor expansion valve 24. Notethat the outdoor expansion valve 24 is controlled such that the degreeof subcooling of the refrigerant flowing through the liquid-side outletof the indoor heat exchanger 31 satisfies a predetermined condition. Themethod of controlling the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansionvalve 24 is not limited, and, for example, control may be performed suchthat the discharge temperature of the refrigerant discharged from thecompressor 21 becomes a predetermined temperature, or the degree ofsuperheating of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21satisfies a predetermined condition.

The refrigerant decompressed at the outdoor expansion valve 24 flowsinto the liquid-side end of the outdoor heat exchanger 23.

The refrigerant which has flowed in from the liquid-side end of theoutdoor heat exchanger 23 exchanges heat with the outdoor air suppliedby the outdoor fan 25, hence is evaporated and turns into a gasrefrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 23, and flows out from thegas-side end of the outdoor heat exchanger 23.

The refrigerant which has flowed out from the gas-side end of theoutdoor heat exchanger 23 passes through the four-way switching valve 22and is sucked into the compressor 21 again.

(6-5) Refrigerant Enclosure Amount

In the air conditioning apparatus 1 provided with only theabove-described one indoor unit 30, the refrigerant circuit 10 is filledwith the refrigerant by an enclosure amount of 160 g or more and 560 gor less per 1 kW of refrigeration capacity. In particular, in the airconditioning apparatus 1 provided with the low-pressure receiver 26 as arefrigerant container, the refrigerant circuit 10 is filled with therefrigerant by an enclosure amount of 260 g or more and 560 g or lessper 1 kW of refrigeration capacity.

(6-6) Characteristics of First Embodiment

For example, in a refrigeration cycle apparatus using a R32 refrigerantwhich has been frequently used, when the filling amount of R32 is toosmall, an insufficiency of the refrigerant tends to decrease cycleefficiency, resulting in an increase in the LCCP; and when the fillingamount of R32 is too large, the impact of the GWP tends to increase,resulting in an increase in the LCCP.

In contrast, the air conditioning apparatus 1 provided with only oneindoor unit 30 according to the present embodiment uses any one of theabove-described refrigerants A to E containing 1,2-difluoroethylene asthe refrigerant, and the refrigerant enclosure amount is set such thatthe enclosure amount per 1 kW of refrigeration capacity is 160 g or moreand 560 g or less (in particular, 260 g or more and 560 g or less as thelow-pressure receiver 26 is provided).

Accordingly, since a refrigerant having a GWP sufficiently smaller thanR32 is used and the enclosure amount per 1 kW of refrigeration capacityis not more than 560 g, the LCCP can be kept low. Moreover, even when arefrigerant having a heat-transfer capacity lower than R32 is used,since the enclosure amount per 1 kW of refrigeration capacity is 160 gor more (in particular, 260 g or more as the low-pressure receiver 26 isprovided), a decrease in cycle efficiency due to an insufficiency of therefrigerant is suppressed, thereby suppressing an increase in the LCCP.As described above, when a heat cycle is performed using a sufficientlysmall GWP, the LCCP can be kept low.

(6-7) Modification A of First Embodiment

In the above-described first embodiment, the example of the airconditioning apparatus provided with the low-pressure receiver on thesuction side of the compressor 21 has been described; however, the airconditioning apparatus may be one not be provided with a refrigerantcontainer (a low-pressure receiver, a high-pressure receiver, or thelike, excluding an accumulator belonging to a compressor) in arefrigerant circuit.

In this case, the refrigerant circuit 10 is filled with the refrigerantsuch that the refrigerant enclosure amount per 1 kW of refrigerationcapacity is 160 g or more and 400 g or less. Moreover, in this case, theinner capacity (the volume of a fluid with which the inside can befilled) of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is preferably 0.4 L or more and2.5 L or less.

(6-8) Modification B of First Embodiment

In the above-described first embodiment, the example of the airconditioning apparatus provided with only one indoor unit has beendescribed; however, the air conditioning apparatus may be one providedwith a plurality of indoor units (without an indoor expansion valve)connected in parallel to one another.

In this case, the refrigerant circuit 10 is filled with the refrigerantsuch that the refrigerant enclosure amount per 1 kW of refrigerationcapacity is 260 g or more and 560 g or less. Moreover, in this case, theinner capacity (the volume of a fluid with which the inside can befilled) of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is preferably 1.4 L or more andless than 5.0 L.

(6-9) Modification C of First Embodiment

In the above-described first embodiment, the example of the airconditioning apparatus having the trunk outdoor unit 20 provided withonly one outdoor fan 25 has been described; however, the airconditioning apparatus may be one having the trunk outdoor unit 20provided with two outdoor fans 25.

In this case, the refrigerant circuit 10 is filled with the refrigerantsuch that the refrigerant enclosure amount per 1 kW of refrigerationcapacity is 350 g or more and 540 g or less. Moreover, in this case, theinner capacity (the volume of a fluid with which the inside can befilled) of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is preferably 3.5 L or more and7.0 L or less.

(7) Second Embodiment

An air conditioning apparatus 1 a serving as a refrigeration cycleapparatus according to a second embodiment is described below withreference to FIG. 18 which is a schematic configuration diagram of arefrigerant circuit and FIG. 19 which is a schematic control blockconfiguration diagram.

The air conditioning apparatus 1 a according to the second embodiment ismainly described below, and portions different from the air conditioningapparatus 1 according to the first embodiment are mainly described.

Also in the air conditioning apparatus 1 a, the refrigerant circuit 10is filled with, as a refrigerant for performing a vapor compressionrefrigeration cycle, a refrigerant which contains 1,2-difluoroethylene,and which is any one of the above-described refrigerants A to E.

In the outdoor unit 20 of the air conditioning apparatus 1 a, a firstoutdoor expansion valve 44, an intermediate-pressure receiver 41, and asecond outdoor expansion valve 45 are sequentially provided between theliquid side of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 and the liquid-side shutoffvalve 29, instead of the outdoor expansion valve 24 of the outdoor unit20 according to the above-described first embodiment. Moreover, thelow-pressure receiver 26 of the outdoor unit 20 according to the firstembodiment is not provided in the outdoor unit 20 according to thesecond embodiment.

The valve opening degrees of the first outdoor expansion valve 44 andthe second outdoor expansion valve 45 are controllable.

The intermediate-pressure receiver 41 is a container in which both anend portion of a pipe extending from the first outdoor expansion valve44 side and an end portion of a pipe extending from the second outdoorexpansion valve 45 side are located in the inner space thereof and thatcan store the refrigerant.

Note that, since the air conditioning apparatus 1 a according to thesecond embodiment is provided with the intermediate-pressure receiver 41that is a refrigerant container in the refrigerant circuit 10, the innercapacity (the volume of a fluid with which the inside can be filled) ofthe outdoor heat exchanger 23 included in the outdoor unit 20 ispreferably 1.4 L or more and less than 5.0 L. Moreover, like the presentembodiment, the inner capacity (the volume of a fluid with which theinside can be filled) of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 included in atrunk outdoor unit 20 provided with only one outdoor fan 25 ispreferably 0.4 L or more and less than 3.5 L.

In the air conditioning apparatus 1 a, in the cooling operating mode,the first outdoor expansion valve 44 is controlled such that the degreeof subcooling of the refrigerant flowing through the liquid-side outletof the outdoor heat exchanger 23 satisfies a predetermined condition.Also, in the cooling operating mode, the second outdoor expansion valve45 is controlled such that the degree of superheating of the refrigerantto be sucked by the compressor 21 satisfies a predetermined condition.Note that, in the cooling operating mode, the second outdoor expansionvalve 45 may be controlled such that the temperature of the refrigerantdischarged from the compressor 21 becomes a predetermined temperature,or may be controlled such that the degree of superheating of therefrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 satisfies a predeterminedcondition.

Also, in the heating operating mode, the second outdoor expansion valve45 is controlled such that the degree of subcooling of the refrigerantpassing through the liquid-side outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 31satisfies a predetermined condition. Also, in the cooling operatingmode, the first outdoor expansion valve 44 is controlled such that thedegree of superheating of the refrigerant to be sucked by the compressor21 satisfies a predetermined condition. Note that, in the heatingoperating mode, the first outdoor expansion valve 44 may be controlledsuch that the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from thecompressor 21 becomes a predetermined temperature, or may be controlledsuch that the degree of superheating of the refrigerant discharged fromthe compressor 21 satisfies a predetermined condition.

In the air conditioning apparatus 1 a provided with only theabove-described one indoor unit 30, the refrigerant circuit 10 is filledwith the refrigerant by an enclosure amount of 160 g or more and 560 gor less per 1 kW of refrigeration capacity. In particular, in the airconditioning apparatus 1 provided with the intermediate-pressurereceiver 41 as a refrigerant container, the refrigerant circuit 10 isfilled with the refrigerant by an enclosure amount of 260 g or more and560 g or less per 1 kW of refrigeration capacity.

The air conditioning apparatus 1 provided with only one indoor unit 30may have a rated cooling capacity of 2.2 kW or more and 16.0 kW or less,or more preferably 4.0 kW or more and 16.0 kW or less.

Even in the air conditioning apparatus 1 a according to the secondembodiment, like the air conditioning apparatus 1 according to the firstembodiment, when a heat cycle is performed using a sufficiently smallGWP, the LCCP can be kept low.

(7-1) Modification A of Second Embodiment

In the above-described second embodiment, the example of the airconditioning apparatus provided with only one indoor unit has beendescribed; however, the air conditioning apparatus may be one providedwith a plurality of indoor units (without an indoor expansion valve)connected in parallel to one another.

In this case, the refrigerant circuit 10 is filled with the refrigerantsuch that the refrigerant enclosure amount per 1 kW of refrigerationcapacity is 260 g or more and 560 g or less. Moreover, in this case, theinner capacity (the volume of a fluid with which the inside can befilled) of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is preferably 1.4 L or more andless than 5.0 L.

(7-2) Modification B of Second Embodiment

In the above-described second embodiment, the example of the airconditioning apparatus having the trunk outdoor unit 20 provided withonly one outdoor fan 25 has been described; however, the airconditioning apparatus may be one having the trunk outdoor unit 20provided with two outdoor fans 25.

In this case, the refrigerant circuit 10 is filled with the refrigerantsuch that the refrigerant enclosure amount per 1 kW of refrigerationcapacity is 350 g or more and 540 g or less. Moreover, in this case, theinner capacity (the volume of a fluid with which the inside can befilled) of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is preferably 3.5 L or more and7.0 L or less.

(8) Third Embodiment

An air conditioning apparatus 1 b serving as a refrigeration cycleapparatus according to a third embodiment is described below withreference to FIG. 20 which is a schematic configuration diagram of arefrigerant circuit and FIG. 21 which is a schematic control blockconfiguration diagram.

The air conditioning apparatus 1 b according to the third embodiment ismainly described below, and portions different from the air conditioningapparatus 1 according to the first embodiment are mainly described.

In the air conditioning apparatus 1 b, the refrigerant circuit 10 isfilled with, as a refrigerant for performing a vapor compressionrefrigeration cycle, a refrigerant which contains 1,2-difluoroethylene,and which is any one of the above-described refrigerants A to E.

The outdoor unit 20 of the air conditioning apparatus 1 b according tothe third embodiment is obtained by providing a subcooling heatexchanger 47 and a subcooling circuit 46 in the outdoor unit 20according to the first embodiment.

The subcooling heat exchanger 47 is provided between the outdoorexpansion valve 24 and the liquid-side shutoff valve 29.

The subcooling circuit 46 is a circuit that is branched from a maincircuit between the outdoor expansion valve 24 and the subcooling heatexchanger 47 and that extends to be joined to a midway portion extendingfrom one of the connecting ports of the four-way switching valve 22 tothe low-pressure receiver 26. The subcooling circuit 46 is provided witha subcooling expansion valve 48 that is located midway in the subcoolingcircuit 46 and that decompresses the refrigerant passing therethrough.The refrigerant flowing through the subcooling circuit 46 anddecompressed at the subcooling expansion valve 48 exchanges heat withthe refrigerant flowing through the main-circuit side in the subcoolingheat exchanger 47. Thus, the refrigerant flowing through themain-circuit side is further cooled and the refrigerant flowing throughthe subcooling circuit 46 is evaporated.

Note that, in the air conditioning apparatus 1 b according to the thirdembodiment including a plurality of indoor units each having an indoorexpansion valve, the inner capacity (the volume of a fluid with whichthe inside can be filled) of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 included inthe outdoor unit 20 is preferably 5.0 L or more and 38 L or less. Inparticular, when the outdoor unit 20 has a blow-out port facing alateral side for the air which has passed through the outdoor heatexchanger 23 and is provided with two outdoor fans 25, the innercapacity (the volume of a fluid with which the inside can be filled) ofthe outdoor heat exchanger 23 is preferably 7.0 L or less. When theoutdoor unit 20 blows out the air which has passed through the outdoorheat exchanger 23 upward, the inner capacity is preferably 5.5 L ormore.

The air conditioning apparatus 1 b according to the third embodimentincludes a first indoor unit 30 and a second indoor unit 35 connected inparallel to each other, instead of the indoor unit 30 according to thefirst embodiment.

The first indoor unit 30 includes a first indoor heat exchanger 31, afirst indoor fan 32, and a first indoor-unit control unit 34 like theindoor unit 30 according to the above-described first embodiment; andfurther a first indoor expansion valve 33 is provided on the liquid-sideof the first indoor heat exchanger 31. The valve opening degree of thefirst indoor expansion valve 33 is controllable.

Similarly to the first indoor unit 30, the second indoor unit 35includes a second indoor heat exchanger 36, a second indoor fan 37, asecond indoor-unit control unit 39, and a second indoor expansion valve38 provided on the liquid side of the second indoor heat exchanger 36.The valve opening degree of the second indoor expansion valve 38 iscontrollable.

A controller 7 according to the third embodiment is constituted of anoutdoor-unit control unit 27, the first indoor-unit control unit 34, andthe second indoor-unit control unit 39 that are communicably connectedto one another.

In the cooling operating mode, the outdoor expansion valve 24 iscontrolled such that the degree of subcooling of the refrigerant passingthrough the liquid-side outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 23satisfies a predetermined condition. Also, in the cooling operatingmode, the subcooling expansion valve 48 is controlled such that thedegree of superheating of the refrigerant to be sucked by the compressor21 satisfies a predetermined condition. Note that, in the coolingoperating mode, the first indoor expansion valve 33 and the secondindoor expansion valve 38 are controlled to be in a fully-opened state.

In the heating operating mode, the first indoor expansion valve 33 iscontrolled such that the degree of subcooling of the refrigerant passingthrough the liquid-side outlet of the first indoor heat exchanger 31satisfies a predetermined condition. The second indoor expansion valve38 is likewise controlled such that the degree of subcooling of therefrigerant flowing through the liquid-side outlet of the second indoorheat exchanger 36 satisfies a predetermined condition. Also, in theheating operating mode, the outdoor expansion valve 45 is controlledsuch that the degree of superheating of the refrigerant to be sucked bythe compressor 21 satisfies a predetermined condition. Note that, in theheating operating mode, the subcooling expansion valve 48 is controlledsuch that the degree of superheating of the refrigerant to be sucked bythe compressor 21 satisfies a predetermined condition.

In the air conditioning apparatus 1 b provided with the above-describedplurality of indoor units 30 and 35, the refrigerant circuit 10 isfilled with the refrigerant such that the enclosure amount per 1 kW ofrefrigeration capacity is 190 g or more and 1660 g or less.

The air conditioning apparatus 1 b provided with the plurality of indoorunits 30 and 35 may have a rated cooling capacity of, for example, 4.0kW or more and 150.0 kW or less, more preferably 14.0 kW or more and150.0 kW or less, or further preferably 22.4 kW or more and 150.0 kW orless when the outdoor unit 20 is top blowing type.

The air conditioning apparatus 1 b provided with the plurality of indoorunits according to the third embodiment uses a refrigerant whichcontains 1,2-difluoroethylene and which is any one of theabove-described refrigerants A to E, and the refrigerant enclosureamount is set such that the enclosure amount per 1 kW of refrigerationcapacity is 190 g or more and 1660 g or less.

Accordingly, also in the air conditioning apparatus 1 b provided withthe plurality of indoor units, since a refrigerant having a GWPsufficiently smaller than R32 is used and the enclosure amount per 1 kWof refrigeration capacity is not more than 1660 g, the LCCP can be keptlow. Moreover, also in the air conditioning apparatus 1 b provided withthe plurality of indoor units, even when a refrigerant having aheat-transfer capacity lower than R32 is used, since the enclosureamount per 1 kW of refrigeration capacity is 190 g or more, a decreasein cycle efficiency due to an insufficiency of the refrigerant issuppressed, thereby suppressing an increase in the LCCP. As describedabove, also in the air conditioning apparatus 1 b provided with theplurality of indoor units, when a heat cycle is performed using arefrigerant having a sufficiently small GWP, the LCCP can be kept low.

(9) Fourth Embodiment

Regarding the enclosure refrigerant amount when a refrigerant whichcontains 1,2-difluoroethylene and which is one of the above-describedrefrigerants A to E is enclosed in the refrigerant circuit, for arefrigeration cycle apparatus provided with only one indoor unit 30 likethe air conditioning apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment andthe air conditioning apparatus 1 a according to the second embodiment,the enclosure amount per 1 kW of refrigeration capacity is set to 160 gor more and 560 g or less; and for a refrigeration cycle apparatusprovided with a plurality of indoor units 30 and 35 like the airconditioning apparatus 1 b according to the third embodiment, theenclosure amount per 1 kW of refrigeration capacity is set to 190 g ormore and 1660 g or less.

Accordingly, the GWP and the LCCP can be kept low in accordance with thetype of the refrigeration cycle apparatus.

The embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, andit is understood that the embodiments and details can be modified invarious ways without departing from the idea and scope of the presentdisclosure described in the claims.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

-   -   1, 1 a, and 1 b air conditioning apparatus (refrigeration cycle        apparatus)    -   5 gas-side connection pipe (refrigerant pipe)    -   6 liquid-side connection pipe (refrigerant pipe)    -   10 refrigerant circuit    -   20 outdoor unit (heat source unit)    -   21 compressor    -   23 outdoor heat exchanger (heat-source-side heat exchanger)    -   30 indoor unit, first indoor unit (service unit, first service        unit)    -   31 indoor heat exchanger, first indoor heat exchanger (first        service-side heat exchanger)    -   35 second indoor unit (second service unit)    -   36 second indoor heat exchanger (second service-side heat        exchanger)

CITATION LIST Patent Literature

PTL 1: International Publication No. 2015/141678

1. A refrigeration cycle apparatus comprising: a heat source unitincluding a compressor and a heat-source-side heat exchanger; a serviceunit including a service-side heat exchanger; and a refrigerant pipethat connects the heat source unit and the service unit to each other,wherein a refrigerant containing at least 1,2-difluoroethylene isenclosed in a refrigerant circuit that is constituted by connecting thecompressor, the heat-source-side heat exchanger, and the service-sideheat exchanger to one another, and wherein an enclosure amount of therefrigerant in the refrigerant circuit per 1 kW of capacity satisfies acondition of 160 g or more and 560 g or less.
 2. A refrigeration cycleapparatus comprising: a heat source unit including a compressor and aheat-source-side heat exchanger; a first service unit including a firstservice-side heat exchanger; a second service unit including a secondservice-side heat exchanger; and a refrigerant pipe that connects theheat source unit, the first service unit, and the second service unit toone another, wherein a refrigerant containing at least1,2-difluoroethylene is enclosed in a refrigerant circuit that isconstituted by connecting the first service-side heat exchanger and thesecond service-side heat exchanger in parallel to the compressor and theheat-source-side heat exchanger, and wherein an enclosure amount of therefrigerant in the refrigerant circuit per 1 kW of refrigerationcapacity satisfies a condition of 190 g or more and 1660 g or less. 3.The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1, wherein therefrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)),trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene(R1234yf).
 4. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 3,wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based ontheir sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z,coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range ofa figure surrounded by line segments AA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C, CO, and OAthat connect the following 7 points: point A (68.6, 0.0, 31.4), point A′(30.6, 30.0, 39.4), point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3), point D (0.0, 80.4,19.6), point C′ (19.5, 70.5, 10.0), point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0), and pointO (100.0, 0.0, 0.0), or on the above line segments (excluding the pointson the line segments BD, CO, and OA); the line segment AA′ isrepresented by coordinates (x, 0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497,−0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503), the line segment A′B is represented bycoordinates (x, 0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3), the linesegment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4,−0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6), the line segment C′C is represented bycoordinates (x, 0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), andthe line segments BD, CO, and OA are straight lines.
 5. Therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 3, wherein when themass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sum in therefrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates(x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range ofa figure surrounded by line segments GI, IA, AA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C, andCG that connect the following 8 points: point G (72.0, 28.0, 0.0), pointI (72.0, 0.0, 28.0), point A (68.6, 0.0, 31.4), point A′ (30.6, 30.0,39.4), point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3), point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6), point C′(19.5, 70.5, 10.0), and point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0), or on the above linesegments (excluding the points on the line segments IA, BD, and CG); theline segment AA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503), the line segment A′Bis represented by coordinates (x, 0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7,−0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3), the line segment DC′ is represented bycoordinates (x, 0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6), the linesegment C′C is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729,−0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and the line segments GI, IA, BD, and CG arestraight lines.
 6. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim3, wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf basedon their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, andz, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sumof HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the rangeof a figure surrounded by line segments JP, PN, NK, KA′, A′B, BD, DC′,C′C, and CJ that connect the following 9 points: point J (47.1, 52.9,0.0), point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2), point N (68.6, 16.3, 15.1), point K(61.3, 5.4, 33.3), point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4), point B (0.0, 58.7,41.3), point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6), point C′ (19.5, 70.5, 10.0), and pointC (32.9, 67.1, 0.0), or on the above line segments (excluding the pointson the line segments BD and CJ); the line segment PN is represented bycoordinates (x, −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43), theline segment NK is represented by coordinates (x,0.2421x²−29.955x+931.91, −0.2421x²+28.955x−831.91), the line segment KA′is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497,−0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503), the line segment A′B is represented bycoordinates (x, 0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3), the linesegment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4,−0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6), the line segment C′C is represented bycoordinates (x, 0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), andthe line segments JP, BD, and CG are straight lines.
 7. Therefrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 3, wherein when themass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sum in therefrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates(x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range ofa figure surrounded by line segments JP, PL, LM, MA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C,and CJ that connect the following 9 points: point J (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2), point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0), point M (60.3,6.2, 33.5), point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4), point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6), point C′ (19.5, 70.5, 10.0), and point C(32.9, 67.1, 0.0), or on the above line segments (excluding the pointson the line segments BD and CJ); the line segment PL is represented bycoordinates (x, −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43) theline segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503), the line segment A′Bis represented by coordinates (x, 0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7,−0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3), the line segment DC′ is represented bycoordinates (x, 0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6), the linesegment C′C is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729,−0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and the line segments JP, LM, BD, and CG arestraight lines.
 8. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim3, wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf basedon their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, andz, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sumof HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the rangeof a figure surrounded by line segments PL, LM, MA′, A′B, BF, FT, and TPthat connect the following 7 points: point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2), point L(63.1, 31.9, 5.0), point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5), point A′ (30.6, 30.0,39.4), point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3), point F (0.0, 61.8, 38.2), and point T(35.8, 44.9, 19.3), or on the above line segments (excluding the pointson the line segment BF); the line segment PL is represented bycoordinates (x, −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43), theline segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503), the line segment A′Bis represented by coordinates (x, 0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7,−0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3), the line segment FT is represented bycoordinates (x, 0.0078x²−0.7501x+61.8, −0.0078x²−0.2499x+38.2), the linesegment TP is represented by coordinates (0.00672x²−0.7607x+63.525,−0.00672x²−0.2393x+36.475), and the line segments LM and BF are straightlines.
 9. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 3,wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based ontheir sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z,coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range ofa figure surrounded by line segments PL, LQ, QR, and RP that connect thefollowing 4 points: point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2), point L (63.1, 31.9,5.0), point Q (62.8, 29.6, 7.6), and point R (49.8, 42.3, 7.9), or onthe above line segments; the line segment PL is represented bycoordinates (x, −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43), theline segment RP is represented by coordinates (x,0.00672x²−0.7607x+63.525, −0.00672x²−0.2393x+36.475), and the linesegments LQ and QR are straight lines.
 10. The refrigeration cycleapparatus according to claim 3, wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E),HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments SM, MA′, A′B, BF, FT, and TS that connect the following 6points: point S (62.6, 28.3, 9.1), point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5), point A′(30.6, 30.0, 39.4), point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3), point F (0.0, 61.8,38.2), and point T (35.8, 44.9, 19.3), or on the above line segments,the line segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x,0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503), the line segment A′Bis represented by coordinates (x, 0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7,−0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3), the line segment FT is represented bycoordinates (x, 0.0078x²−0.7501x+61.8, −0.0078x²−0.2499x+38.2), the linesegment TS is represented by coordinates (x, −0.0017x²−0.7869x+70.888,−0.0017x²−0.2131x+29.112), and the line segments SM and BF are straightlines.
 11. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1,wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene(HFO-1132(E)) and trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123) in a total amount of 99.5mass % or more based on the entire refrigerant, and the refrigerantcomprises 62.0 mass % to 72.0 mass % of HFO-1132(E) based on the entirerefrigerant.
 12. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1,wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene(HFO-1132(E)), and trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123) in a total amount of99.5 mass % or more based on the entire refrigerant, and the refrigerantcomprises 45.1 mass % to 47.1 mass % of HFO-1132(E) based on the entirerefrigerant.
 13. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1,wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene(HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123),2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), and difluoromethane (R32),wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 basedon their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, z,and a, if 0<a≤11.1, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagramin which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass %are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA,AB, BD′, D′C, and CG that connect the following 6 points: point G(0.026a²−1.7478a+72.0, −0.026a²+0.7478a+28.0, 0.0), point I(0.026a²−1.7478a+72.0, 0.0, −0.026a²+0.7478a+28.0), point A(0.0134a²−1.9681a+68.6, 0.0, −0.0134a²+0.9681a+31.4), point B (0.0,0.0144a²−1.6377a+58.7, −0.0144a²+0.6377a+41.3), point D′ (0.0,0.0224a²+0.968a+75.4, −0.0224a²−1.968a+24.6), and point C(−0.2304a²−0.4062a+32.9, 0.2304a²−0.5938a+67.1, 0.0), or on the straightlines GI, AB, and D′C (excluding point G, point I, point A, point B,point D′, and point C); if 11.1<a≤18.2, coordinates (x,y,z) in theternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surroundedby straight lines GI, IA, AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5points: point G (0.02a²−1.6013a+71.105, −0.02a²+0.6013a+28.895, 0.0),point I (0.02a²−1.6013a+71.105, 0.0, −0.02a²+0.6013a+28.895), point A(0.0112a²−1.9337a+68.484, 0.0, −0.0112a²+0.9337a+31.516), point B (0.0,0.0075a²−1.5156a+58.199, −0.0075a²+0.5156a+41.801), and point W (0.0,100.0−a, 0.0), or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G,point I, point A, point B, and point W); if 18.2<a≤26.7, coordinates(x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of afigure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA, AB, BW, and WG that connectthe following 5 points: point G (0.0135a²−1.4068a+69.727,−0.0135a²+0.4068a+30.273, 0.0), point I (0.0135a²−1.4068a+69.727, 0.0,−0.0135a²+0.4068a+30.273), point A (0.0107a²−1.9142a+68.305, 0.0,−0.0107a²+0.9142a+31.695), point B (0.0, 0.009a²−1.6045a+59.318,−0.009a²+0.6045a+40.682), and point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0), or on thestraight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I, point A, point B,and point W); if 26.7<a≤36.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternarycomposition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded bystraight lines GI, IA, AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5points: point G (0.0111a²−1.3152a+68.986, −0.0111a²+0.3152a+31.014,0.0), point I (0.0111a²−1.3152a+68.986, 0.0, −0.0111a²+0.3152a+31.014),point A (0.0103a²−1.9225a+68.793, 0.0, −0.0103a²+0.9225a+31.207), pointB (0.0, 0.0046a²−1.41a+57.286, −0.0046a²+0.41a+42.714), and point W(0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0), or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding pointG, point I, point A, point B, and point W); and if 36.7<a≤46.7,coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within therange of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA, AB, BW, and WGthat connect the following 5 points: point G (0.0061a²−0.9918a+63.902,−0.0061a²−0.0082a+36.098, 0.0), point I (0.0061a²−0.9918a+63.902, 0.0,−0.0061a²−0.0082a+36.098), point A (0.0085a²−1.8102a+67.1, 0.0,−0.0085a²+0.8102a+32.9), point B (0.0, 0.0012a²−1.1659a+52.95,−0.0012a²+0.1659a+47.05), and point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0), or on thestraight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I, point A, point B,and point W).
 14. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene(HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123),2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), and difluoromethane (R32),wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 basedon their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, z,and a, if 0<a≤11.1, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagramin which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass %are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′B,BD′, D′C, and CJ that connect the following 5 points: point J(0.0049a²−0.9645a+47.1, −0.0049a²−0.0355a+52.9, 0.0), point K′(0.0514a²−2.4353a+61.7, −0.0323a²+0.4122a+5.9, −0.0191a²+1.0231a+32.4),point B (0.0, 0.0144a²−1.6377a+58.7, −0.0144a²+0.6377a+41.3), point D′(0.0, 0.0224a²+0.968a+75.4, −0.0224a²−1.968a+24.6), and point C(−0.2304a²−0.4062a+32.9, 0.2304a²−0.5938a+67.1, 0.0), or on the straightlines JK′, K′B, and D′C (excluding point J, point B, point D′, and pointC); if 11.1<a≤18.2, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary compositiondiagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight linesJK′, K′B, BW, and WJ that connect the following 4 points: point J(0.0243a²−1.4161a+49.725, −0.0243a²+0.4161a+50.275, 0.0), point K′(0.0341a²−2.1977a+61.187,−0.0236a²+0.34a+5.636,−0.0105a²+0.8577a+33.177), point B (0.0,0.0075a²−1.5156a+58.199, −0.0075a²+0.5156a+41.801), and point W (0.0,100.0−a, 0.0), or on the straight lines JK′ and K′B (excluding point J,point B, and point W); if 18.2<a≤26.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in theternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surroundedby straight lines JK′, K′B, BW, and WJ that connect the following 4points: point J (0.0246a²−1.4476a+50.184, −0.0246a²+0.4476a+49.816,0.0), point K′ (0.0196a²−1.7863a+58.515, −0.0079a²−0.1136a+8.702,−0.0117a²+0.8999a+32.783), point B (0.0, 0.009a²−1.6045a+59.318,−0.009a²+0.6045a+40.682), and point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0), or on thestraight lines JK′ and K′B (excluding point J, point B, and point W); if26.7<a≤36.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram arewithin the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′A, AB,BW, and WJ that connect the following 5 points: point J(0.0183a²−1.1399a+46.493, −0.0183a²+0.1399a+53.507, 0.0), point K′(−0.0051a²+0.0929a+25.95, 0.0, 0.0051a²−1.0929a+74.05), point A(0.0103a²−1.9225a+68.793, 0.0, −0.0103a²+0.9225a+31.207), point B (0.0,0.0046a²−1.41a+57.286, −0.0046a²+0.41a+42.714), and point W (0.0,100.0−a, 0.0), or on the straight lines JK′, K′A, and AB (excludingpoint J, point B, and point W); and if 36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates (x,y,z)in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figuresurrounded by straight lines JK′, K′A, AB, BW, and WJ that connect thefollowing 5 points: point J (−0.0134a²+1.0956a+7.13,0.0134a²−2.0956a+92.87, 0.0), point K′ (−1.892a+29.443, 0.0,0.892a+70.557), point A (0.0085a²−1.8102a+67.1, 0.0,−0.0085a²+0.8102a+32.9), point B (0.0, 0.0012a²−1.1659a+52.95,−0.0012a²+0.1659a+47.05), and point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0), or on thestraight lines JK′, K′A, and AB (excluding point J, point B, and pointW).
 15. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1, whereinthe refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)),difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf),wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on theirsum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z,coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of afigure surrounded by line segments IJ, JN, NE, and EI that connect thefollowing 4 points: point I (72.0, 0.0, 28.0), point J (48.5, 18.3,33.2), point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), and point E (58.3, 0.0, 41.7), or onthese line segments (excluding the points on the line segment EI; theline segment IJ is represented by coordinates (0.0236y²−1.7616y+72.0, y,−0.0236y²+0.7616y+28.0); the line segment NE is represented bycoordinates (0.012y²−1.9003y+58.3, y, −0.012y²+0.9003y+41.7); and theline segments JN and EI are straight lines.
 16. The refrigeration cycleapparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprisestrans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), and2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), wherein when the mass % ofHFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, andR1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments MM′, M′N, NV, VG, and GM that connect the following 5points: point M (52.6, 0.0, 47.4), point M′(39.2, 5.0, 55.8), point N(27.7, 18.2, 54.1), point V (11.0, 18.1, 70.9), and point G (39.6, 0.0,60.4), or on these line segments (excluding the points on the linesegment GM); the line segment MM′ is represented by coordinates(132y²−3.34y+52.6, y, −0.132y²+2.34y+47.4); the line segment MN isrepresented by coordinates (0.0596y²−2.2541y+48.98, y,−0.0596y²+1.2541y+51.02); the line segment VG is represented bycoordinates (0.0123y²−1.8033y+39.6, y, −0.0123y²+0.8033y+60.4); and theline segments NV and GM are straight lines.
 17. The refrigeration cycleapparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprisestrans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), and2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), wherein when the mass % ofHFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant isrespectively represented by x, y and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternarycomposition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segmentsON, NU, and UO that connect the following 3 points: point O (22.6, 36.8,40.6), point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), and point U (3.9, 36.7, 59.4), or onthese line segments; the line segment ON is represented by coordinates(0.0072y²−0.6701y+37.512, y, −0.0072y²−0.3299y+62.488); the line segmentNU is represented by coordinates (0.0083y²−1.7403y+56.635, y,−0.0083y²+0.7403y+43.365); and the line segment UO is a straight line.18. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1, wherein therefrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)),difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf),wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on theirsum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z,coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of afigure surrounded by line segments QR, RT, TL, LK, and KQ that connectthe following 5 points: point Q (44.6, 23.0, 32.4), point R (25.5, 36.8,37.7), point T (8.6, 51.6, 39.8), point L (28.9, 51.7, 19.4), and pointK (35.6, 36.8, 27.6), or on these line segments; the line segment QR isrepresented by coordinates (0.0099y²−1.975y+84.765, y,−0.0099y²+0.975y+15.235); the line segment RT is represented bycoordinates (0.0082y²−1.8683y+83.126, y, −0.0082y²+0.8683y+16.874); theline segment LK is represented by coordinates (0.0049y²−0.8842y+61.488,y, −0.0049y²−0.1158y+38.512); the line segment KQ is represented bycoordinates (0.0095y²−1.2222y+67.676, y, −0.0095y²+0.2222y+32.324); andthe line segment TL is a straight line.
 19. The refrigeration cycleapparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprisestrans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), and2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), wherein when the mass % ofHFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant isrespectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in aternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, andR1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded byline segments PS, ST, and TP that connect the following 3 points: pointP (20.5, 51.7, 27.8), point S (21.9, 39.7, 38.4), and point T (8.6,51.6, 39.8), or on these line segments; the line segment PS isrepresented by coordinates (0.0064y²−0.7103y+40.1, y,−0.0064y²−0.2897y+59.9); the line segment ST is represented bycoordinates (0.0082y²−1.8683y+83.126, y, −0.0082y²+0.8683y+16.874); andthe line segment TP is a straight line.
 20. The refrigeration cycleapparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprisestrans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123),and difluoromethane (R32), wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E),HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary compositiondiagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass %are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments IK, KB′,B′H, HR, RG, and GI that connect the following 6 points: point I (72.0,28.0, 0.0), point K (48.4, 33.2, 18.4), point B′ (0.0, 81.6, 18.4),point H (0.0, 84.2, 15.8), point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), and point G (38.5,61.5, 0.0), or on these line segments (excluding the points on the linesegments B′H and GI); the line segment IK is represented by coordinates(0.025z²−1.7429z+72.00, −0.025z²+0.7429z+28.0, z), the line segment HRis represented by coordinates (−0.3123z²+4.234z+11.06,0.3123z²−5.234z+88.94, z), the line segment RG is represented bycoordinates (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and theline segments KB′ and GI are straight lines.
 21. The refrigeration cycleapparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprisestrans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123),and difluoromethane (R32), wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E),HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary compositiondiagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass %are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments U, JR, RG,and GI that connect the following 4 points: point I (72.0, 28.0, 0.0),point J (57.7, 32.8, 9.5), point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), and point G (38.5,61.5, 0.0), or on these line segments (excluding the points on the linesegment GI); the line segment U is represented by coordinates(0.025z²−1.7429z+72.0, −0.025z²+0.7429z+28.0, z), the line segment RG isrepresented by coordinates (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5,0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and the line segments JR and GI are straightlines.
 22. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1,wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene(HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and difluoromethane (R32),wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on theirsum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z,coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of afigure surrounded by line segments MP, PB′, B′H, HR, RG, and GM thatconnect the following 6 points: point M (47.1, 52.9, 0.0), point P(31.8, 49.8, 18.4), point B′ (0.0, 81.6, 18.4), point H (0.0, 84.2,15.8), point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), and point G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0), or onthese line segments (excluding the points on the line segments B′H andGM); the line segment MP is represented by coordinates(0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z), the line segment HR isrepresented by coordinates (−0.3123z²+4.234z+11.06,0.3123z²−5.234z+88.94, z), the line segment RG is represented bycoordinates (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and theline segments PB′ and GM are straight lines.
 23. The refrigeration cycleapparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprisestrans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123),and difluoromethane (R32), wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E),HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary compositiondiagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass %are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments MN, NR, RG,and GM that connect the following 4 points: point M (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),point N (38.5, 52.1, 9.5), point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), and point G (38.5,61.5, 0.0), or on these line segments (excluding the points on the linesegment GM); the line segment MN is represented by coordinates(0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z), the line segment RG isrepresented by coordinates (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5,0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and the line segments JR and GI are straightlines.
 24. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1,wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene(HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and difluoromethane (R32),wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on theirsum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z,coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum ofHFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of afigure surrounded by line segments PS, ST, and TP that connect thefollowing 3 points: point P (31.8, 49.8, 18.4), point S (25.4, 56.2,18.4), and point T (34.8, 51.0, 14.2), or on these line segments; theline segment ST is represented by coordinates (−0.0982z²+0.9622z+40.931,0.0982z²−1.9622z+59.069, z), the line segment TP is represented bycoordinates (0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z), and theline segment PS is a straight line.
 25. The refrigeration cycleapparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprisestrans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123),and difluoromethane (R32), wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E),HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectivelyrepresented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary compositiondiagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass %are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments QB″, B″D,DU, and UQ that connect the following 4 points: point Q (28.6, 34.4,37.0), point B″ (0.0, 63.0, 37.0), point D (0.0, 67.0, 33.0), and pointU (28.7, 41.2, 30.1), or on these line segments (excluding the points onthe line segment B″D); the line segment DU is represented by coordinates(−3.4962z²+210.71z−3146.1, 3.4962z²−211.71z+3246.1, z), the line segmentUQ is represented by coordinates (0.0135z²−0.9181z+44.133,−0.0135z²−0.0819z+55.867, z), and the line segments QB″ and B″D arestraight lines.
 26. A method of determining a refrigerant enclosureamount in a refrigeration cycle apparatus, comprising: for arefrigeration cycle apparatus including a heat source unit including acompressor and a heat-source-side heat exchanger, a service unitincluding a service-side heat exchanger, and a refrigerant pipe thatconnects the heat source unit and the service unit to each other, andfor a refrigerant containing at least 1,2-difluoroethylene beingenclosed in a refrigerant circuit that is constituted by connecting thecompressor, the heat-source-side heat exchanger, and the service-sideheat exchanger to one another, setting an enclosure amount of therefrigerant in the refrigerant circuit per 1 kW of refrigerationcapacity to 160 g or more and 560 g or less; and for a refrigerationcycle apparatus including a heat source unit including a compressor anda heat-source-side heat exchanger, a first service unit including afirst service-side heat exchanger, a second service unit including asecond service-side heat exchanger, and a refrigerant pipe that connectsthe heat source unit, the first service unit, and the second serviceunit to one another, and for a refrigerant containing at least1,2-difluoroethylene being enclosed in a refrigerant circuit that isconstituted by connecting the first service-side heat exchanger and thesecond service-side heat exchanger in parallel to the compressor and theheat-source-side heat exchanger, setting an enclosure amount of therefrigerant in the refrigerant circuit per 1 kW of refrigerationcapacity to 190 g or more and 1660 g or less.